Remote Cause - Law Dictionary Search Results
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In jure non remota causa, sed proxima spectatur
In jure non remota causa, sed proxima spectatur [Lat.], In law the proximate, and not the remote, cause is to be regarded.--Bacon, max., reg. 1.--(In law, the proximate, and not the remote, cause is regarded.) The maxim is chiefly applied to cases of marine insurance, as to which it was held by the House of Lords in Dudgeon v. Pembroke, (1877) 2 App Cas 284, that any loss caused by perils of the sea is within the policy though it would not have happened but for the concurrent action of some cause, as unseaworthi-ness, which is not within it.The maxim is also frequently applied to measure of damages, as to which see Hadley v. Baxendale, (1854) 9 Ex 341, where it was laid down that only such damages are recoverable for breach of contract as (1) arose naturally from the breach itself, or (2) might reasonably be supposed to have been in the contemplation of both contracting parties at the time of the contract as resulting from breach. See CAUSA CAUSANS and Broom's Leg. Max...
cause
cause 1 : something that brings about an effect or result [the negligent act which was the of the plaintiff's injury] NOTE: The cause of an injury must be proven in both tort and criminal cases. actual cause : cause in fact in this entry but-for cause : cause in fact in this entry cause in fact : a cause without which the result would not have occurred called also actual cause but-for cause concurrent cause : a cause that joins simultaneously with another cause to produce a result called also concurring cause compare intervening cause and superseding cause in this entry di·rect cause : proximate cause in this entry ef·fi·cient in·ter·ven·ing cause : superseding cause in this entry intervening cause 1 : an independent cause that follows another cause in time in producing the result but does not interrupt the chain of causation if foreseeable called also supervening cause compare concurrent cause and superseding cause in this entry 2 : super...
Judgment
Judgment [fr. judgment, Fr.], judicial determination; decision of a Court.Under the former practice of the superior Courts, this term was usually applied only to the Common Law Courts, the term 'decree' being in general use in the Court of Chancery. The expression 'Judg-ment,' however, is now used generally except in matrimonial causes, the term 'judgment' including 'decree' [(English) Jud. Act, 1925, s. 225, replacing Jud. Act,1873, s. 100].The several species of judgments are either:-(a) Interlocutory, given in the course of a cause, upon some plea, proceeding, or default, which is only intermediate, and does not finally determine or complete the action. See INQUIRY; SUMMONSES; and ORDERS; and the various titles of the subjects of such judgments as MANDAMUS; INJUNC-TION, etc.(b) Final, putting an end to the action by an award of redress to one party, or discharge of the other, as the case may be.By the (English) C.L.P. Act,1852, s. 120, a plaintiff or defendant having obtained a verd...
Remoteness
Remoteness, want of close connection between a wrong and the injury, as cause and effect, whereby the party injured cannot claim compensation from the wrongdoer. Where the damage sustained by the plaintiff is neither the necessary nor the probable result of the defendant's conduct, nor such as can be shown to have been in his contemplation at the time, it will be excluded as too remote. Consult Maine on Damages, and see CAUSA CAUSANS. The term is also often used to signify an infraction of the rule against perpetuity, a limitation exceeding the prescribed limits being said to be 'void for remoteness.' See Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 163, and PERPETUITIES. Consult Gray on Perpetuities....
Measure of damage
Measure of damage, the test which determines the amount of damages to the given. The general rule in English law is that in contract the measure of damage is the actual loss to the plaintiff, and in tort the compensation to the plaintiff for the loss or damage which it may be supposed be has suffered directly as a natural consequence of the act complained of. The exception is those ases where vindictive or exemplary damages can be given, e.g., libel, slander, violence, malice, cruelty, or breach of promise of marriage. The actual loss cannot always be recovered, as the whole or a portion of the loss may be too remote to be the natural and probable consequence of that which constitutes the cause of action, and this will most frequently occur in actions of tort. Though unable to prove actual loss, a plaintiff may sometimes be entitled to nominal damages, e.g., breach of an agreement to lend money. In actions of contract, the market-price of the subject-matter at the date the contract is ...
Bare trustee
Bare trustee, A person holding property in trust for another without any beneficial interest in or duty in regard to it except to transfer it to the person entitled. Under the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, 1st Sched., Part II., para 3, the legal estate, if any, in a bare trustee (not being a trustee for sale) automatically vested in the person who could call for a conveyance of it. Although this simplified conveyancing where the legal estate in the trustee was only remote, it was found that great inconvenience would be caused in cases where the legal estate in the trustee related to the entirety of the property in question according to its nature, and the Law of Property Amendment Act, 1926, provided that a purchaser for money or money's worth without notice of the trust upon production of the title deeds may accept the conveyance from the trustee or persons deriving title under him. See ACTIVE TRUSTEE.Bare trustee, in relation to a deposit means person holding the deposit on tr...
Clausula vel dispositio inutilis per presumptionem vel causam remotam ex post facto non fulcitur
Clausula vel dispositio inutilis per presumptionem vel causam remotam ex post facto non fulcitur [Lat.], An un-necessary clause or disposition is not upheld by a remote presumption or a cause arising after the event....
Accumulation
Accumulation, a gathering together, heaping up, or amassing. The dominion over property, and its rents, issues, and profits, is restrained by our law as regards perpetuity and accumulation. See PERPETUITY.The prospective accumulation of income of real or personal estate is restrained by the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 164, replacing with amendments the (English) Accumulations Act, 1800 (39 & 40 Geo. 3, c. 98); commonly called 'The (English) Thellusson Act,' because the case of Thellusson v. Woodford, 4 Ves 227-343, 1798; and 11 Ves 112-151, 1805 was the occasion of its enactment. The (English) Act of 1925 declares that no person shall by any instrument or otherwise settle or dispose of any property, in such manner that the income thereof shall be accumulated for any longer term than--(1) The life of the grantor or settlor;(2) 21 years from the death of the grantor or settlor, or testator;(3) During the minority of any person who shall be living on en ventre sa mere at the t...
Damages
Damages, constitute the sum of money claimed or adjudged to be paid in compensation for loss or injury sustained, the value estimated in money, of something lost or withheld, Divisional Controller K.S.R.T.C. v. Mahadeva Shetty, (2003) 7 SCC 197 (202).The expression 'damages' is neither vague nor over-wide. It has more than one signification but the precise import in a given context is not difficult to discern. A plurality of variants stemming out of a core concept is seen in such words as actual damages, civil damages, compensatory damages, consequential damages, contingent damages, continuing damages, double damages, excessive damages, exemplary damages, general damages, irreparable damages, pecuniary damages, prospective damages, special damages, speculative damages, substantial damages, unliquidated damages. But the essentials are (a) detriment to one by the wrongdoing of another, (b) reparation awarded to the injured through legal remedies, and (c) its quantum being determined by t...
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