Industrial Relations - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: industrial relations Page: 3 Page 3 of about 79 results (0.004 seconds)Minimum wage
Minimum wage. The Trade Boards Act, 1909, established for the first time a minimum wage in certain trades. The (English) Coal Mines (Minimum Wage) Act, 1912, made provision for the settlement of minimum rates of wages for workmen employed underground in coal mines. The principle has been extended to many industries during the war and after, and to agriculture by the Corn Production Act,1917 (repealed). See TRADE BOARDS.In relation to any area, means to minimum wage fixed by the State Government under s. 3 of the Minimum Wages Act, 1948 (11 of 1948) for agricultural labourer as applicable in that area [National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (42 of 2005), s. 2(h)]...
Landlord and tenant
Landlord and tenant. A tenancy arises when the owner of an estate inland, called the lessor or landlord, agrees expressly or by implication to allow another person, called the lessee or tenant, to enjoy the exclusive possession and use of the land for a period less than the landlord's estate in it, generally upon payment of rent. The landlord's estate is called the reversion, and at common law, a power of distress for rent is incident to the reversion.Leases or tenancies may be (1) for any agreed period such as for years or less, e.g., for a year, half-year, quarter or week; (2) from year to year; (3) at will; (4) on sufferance; or (5) they may arise upon estoppel; or (6) exist by force of a statute (see LEASE; INCREASE OF RENT). In a narrower sense the words 'tenancy' and 'landlord and tenant' are generally restricted to lease of a house or land for occupational purposes. If nothing appears to the contrary, either expressly or by implication, in the lease or agreement, the landlord is...
Chemical weapons
Chemical weapons, 'chemical weapons' means,--(i) the toxic chemicals and their precursors, except where intended for--(a) industrial, agricultural research, medical, pharmaceutical or other peaceful purposes; (b) protective purposes, namely those purposes directly related to protection against toxic chemicals and to protection against chemical weapons; (c) military purposes not connected with the use of chemical weapons and not dependent on the use of the toxic properties of chemicals as a method of warfare; or (d) Law enforcement including domestic riot control purposes, as long as the types and quantities are consistent with such purposes (ii) the munitions and devices, specifically designed to cause death or other harm through the toxic properties of those toxic chemicals specified in sub-clause (i), which would be released as a result of the employment of such munitions and devices; and (iii) any equipment specifically designed for use directly in connection with the employment of ...
Approved schools
Approved schools. These schools are schools intended for the education and training of persons to be sent there in pursuance of the Children and Young Persons Act, 1933 (see s. 79(1) and approved by the Secretary of State. They are regulated by ss. 79-83 of that Act. Local authorities may under certain circumstances undertake the purchase, establishment, building, alteration, enlargement, rebuilding or management of an approved school (s. 80). The Secretary of State may classify approved schools as he thinks best calculated to secure that a person sent to an approved school is sent to the school appropriate to his case. With certain exceptions the managers of an approved school are bound to accept any person sent there in pursuance of the Act (s. 81). The expression 'approved school' was first used in the Children and Young Persons Act, 1932, which was declared to apply in relation to a school which at the commencement of this Act is a certified reformatory school or a certified indust...
Industrial or other establishment
Industrial or other establishment, means any--(a) tramway service, or motor transport service eng-aged in carrying passenger or goods or both by road for hire or reward;(aa) air transport service other than such service belonging to, or exclusively employed in the military, naval or air forces on the Union or the Civil Aviation Department of the Government of India;(b) dock, wharf or jetty;(c) inland vessel, mechanically propelled;(d) mine, quarry or oil-field;(e) plantation;(f) workshop or other establishment in which articles are produced, adapted or manufactured, with a view to their use, transport or sale;(g) establishment in which any work relating to the construction, development or maintenance of buildings, roads, bridges or canals, or relating to operations connected with navigation, irrigation or the supply of water or relating to the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity or any other form of power is being carried one;(h) any other establishment or class of...
Undertaking
Undertaking, denotes 'any business or any work or project which one engages in or attempts as an enterprise analogous to business or trade, Secretary Madras Gymkhana Club Employees Union v. Manage-ment of Gymkhana Club, AIR 1968 SC 554: (1968) 2 SCJ 138: (1968) 1 SCA 379: (1967) 2 SCWR 618: (1967) 2 Lab LJ 720: 33 FJR 157: (1968) Lab JC 547: (1968) 2 Andh WR (SC) 6: (1968) 2 Mad LJ (SC) 6: 15 Fac LR 411: 16 Law Rep 140.Undertaking, denotes, with reference to company law, all the assets of the company past present and future, and is a mortgageable interest being commonly charged by the debentures of the company. 'Undertaking' means a unit, such as a factory or a granary, Industrial Disputes Tribunal (in re:), (1956) 3 All ER 111.Undertaking, in a compromise decree does not mean a promise to a court. It is merely a solemn promise by one party to the other when it appears in an agreement between the two, Nisha Kant Roy v. Sandji Bashnai, Goho, AIR 1948 Cal 294: 49 Cr LJ 567.Undertaking, i...
Enterprise
Enterprise, means a person or a department of the Government, who or which is, or has been, engaged in any activity, relating to the production, storage, supply, distribution, acquisition or control or articles or goods, or the provision of services, of any kind, or in investment, or in the business of acquiring, holding, underwriting or dealing with shares, debentures or other securities of any other body corporate, either directly or through one or more of its units or divisions of subsidiaries, whether such unit or division or subsidiary is located at the same place where the enterprise is located or at a different place or at different places, but does not include any activity of the Government relatable to the sovereign functions of the Government including all activities carried on by the departments of the Central Government dealing with atomic energy, currency, defence and space.Explanation.--For the purposes of this clause,--(a) 'activity' includes profession or occupation;(b)...
Manufacture
Manufacture, implies a change but every change is not manufacture. But something more is necessary and there must be transformation, a new and different article must emerge having a distinctive name, character or use, Hindustan Poles Corporation v. Commissioner of Central Excise, (2006) 4 SCC 85: (2006) 4 JT 185: (2006) 3 SCALE 601: (2006) 4 SLT 445: (2006) 3 SCJ 645: (2006) 6 SCJ D 230: (2006) 145 STC 625: (2006) 196 ELT 400.Manufacture, implies a change, but every change is not manufacture and yet every change of an article is the result of treatment, labour and manipulation. But something more is necessary and there must be transformation; a new and different article must emerge having a distinctive name, character or use, Union of India v. Delhi Cloth and General Mills, AIR 1963 SC 791.Implies a change, but every change is not manufacture and yet every change of an article is the result of treatment, labour and manipulation. But something more is necessary and there must be transfo...
Producer
Producer, in relation to a cinematograph film or sound recording, means a person who takes the initiative and responsibility for making the work. [Copyright Act, 1957 (14 of 1957), s. 2 (uu)]In relation to a feature film, means the person by whom the arrangements necessary for the making of such film (including the raising of finances and engaging cine-workers for the making of such film) are undertaken. [Cine-workers and Cinema Theatre Workers (Regulations of employment) Act, 1981 (5 of 1981), s. 2(h)]In relation to goods, means any person who,--(i) if such goods are agricultural goods, produces the goods and includes the person who processes or packages such goods;(ii) if such goods are natural goods, exploits the goods;(iii) if such goods are handicraft or industrial goods, makes or manufacture the goods, and includes any person who trades or deals in such production, exploitation, making or manufacturing, as the case may be, of the goods. [Geographical Indications of Goods (Registr...
Development Commissioners
Development Commissioners, means the Develop-ment Commissioner appointed for one or more Special Economic Zones under sub-s. (1) and s. 11 [Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 (28 of 2005) s. 2(h)]Eight persons so named can be appointed by the king, who also nominates the chairman, under s. 3 of the (English) Development and Road Improve-ment Funds Act, 1909 (9 Edw. 7, c. 47), as amended by the (English) Act of 1910 (10 Edw. 7 and 1 Geo. 5, c. 7); 10 & 11 Geo. 5, c. 72; 13 & 14 Geo. 5, c. 21. The Commissioners are appointed for the purposes of recommendation to the Treasury in regard to advances which the Treasury is empowered to make out of a fund to be called the Development Fund created and provided for by the (English) Act of 1909, for any of the following purposes:--(a) Aiding and developing agricultural and rural industries by promoting scientific research, instruc-tion and experiments in the science, methods and practice of agriculture (including the provision of farm institutes), ...
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