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Something incidental to a dispute

Something incidental to a dispute, 'something incidental to a dispute' must mean something happening as a result of or in connection with the dispute or associated with the dispute, Delhi Cloth and General Mills Co. Ltd. v. Workmen, AIR 1967 SC 469 (472): (1967) 1 SCR 882....


Stigma

Stigma, denotes loss of confidence by the employer amount to 'stigma', Kamal Kishore Lakshman v. Pan American World Airways, AIR 1987 SC 229: (1987) 1 SCC 146.Stigma, is something that detracts from the character or reputation of a person, a mark, sign etc., indicting that something is not considered normal or standard (Webster's New World Dictionary), Dipti Prakash Banerjee v. Satyendra Nath Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, (1999) 3 SCC 60.Stigma, is understood to be something that is detraction from the character or reputation of a person. It is blemish, imputation, mark or label indicating a deviation from a norm, mere description of background fact cannot be called as stigma. State of U.P. v. Ram Bachan Tripathi, AIR 2005 SC 3212.--in the absence of a statutory definition of the word 'stigma', its meaning as available in dictionaries. According to Webster's New World Dictionary it is something that detracts from the character or reputation of a person, a mark, sign, etc. in...


Luxury

Luxury, as an entirely relative term; a free indulgence in costly food, dress, furniture or anything expensive which gratifies the appetites or tastees; also a mode of life characterized by material abundance and gratification of expensive tastes, (Corpus Juris Secundum, Vol. IV, p. 887).Luxury, could among other meanings be defined as (1) abundance, sumptuous enjoyment; (2) the habitual use of, or indulgence in, what is choice or costly; (3) refined and intense enjoyment; means of luxurious enjoyment; (4) in a particularized sense; something which conduces to enjoyment or comfort in addition to what are accounted the necessaries. Hence, in recent use, something which is desirable but not indispensable; and (5) as an attribute as luxury coach, cruise duty, edition, flat, liner, shop, tax, trade, Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edn., Vol. IX.Means something which conduces enjoyment over and above the necessaries of life. It denotes something which is superfluous and not indispensable and...


Manufacture

Manufacture, implies a change but every change is not manufacture. But something more is necessary and there must be transformation, a new and different article must emerge having a distinctive name, character or use, Hindustan Poles Corporation v. Commissioner of Central Excise, (2006) 4 SCC 85: (2006) 4 JT 185: (2006) 3 SCALE 601: (2006) 4 SLT 445: (2006) 3 SCJ 645: (2006) 6 SCJ D 230: (2006) 145 STC 625: (2006) 196 ELT 400.Manufacture, implies a change, but every change is not manufacture and yet every change of an article is the result of treatment, labour and manipulation. But something more is necessary and there must be transformation; a new and different article must emerge having a distinctive name, character or use, Union of India v. Delhi Cloth and General Mills, AIR 1963 SC 791.Implies a change, but every change is not manufacture and yet every change of an article is the result of treatment, labour and manipulation. But something more is necessary and there must be transfo...


Negligence

Negligence, acting carelessly, a question of law or fact or of mixed fact and law, depending entirely upon the nature of a duty, which the person charged with negligence has failed to comply with or perform in the particular circumstance of each case. A very convenient classification has been formulated corresponding to the degree of negligence entailing liability measured by the degree of care undertaken or required in each case, i.e., (1) ordinary, which is the want of ordinary diligence; (2) slight, the want of great diligence; and (3) gross, the want of slight diligence. A smaller degree of negligence will render a person liable for injury to infants than in the case of adults, see Cooke v. Midland Great Western Railway, 1909 AC 229; and Glasgow Corporation v. Taylor, (1922) 1 AC 44. There is also a peculiar duty to take precaution in the case of dangerous Articles, see Dominion Natural Gas Co. v. Collins, 1909 AC 640. This case should be distinguished from the principle in Fletche...


Just

Just, the expression 'just' denotes equitability, fairness and reasonableness, and non arbitrary. If it is not so it cannot be just (See Helen C. Rebello v. Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation, AIR 1998 SC 3191), Divisional Controller KSTRC v. Mahadeva Shetty, AIR 2003 SC 4172 (4177): (2003) 7 SCC 197. (Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, s. 163A and Schedule II)The word 'just' as its nomenclature, denotes equit-ability, fairness and reasonableness having large peripheral field. The largeness is, of course, not arbitrary; it is restricted by the conscience which is fair, reasonable and equitable, if it exceeds; it is termed as unfair, unreasonable, inequitable not just. In Law Lexicon, 5th Edn., by T.P. Mukherjee 'Just' is described:The term just' is derived from the latin word Justus. It has various meanings and its meaning is often governed by the context. 'Just' may apply in nearly all of its senses, either to ethics or law, denoting something which is morally right and fair and some...


Malik or milkiyat

Malik or milkiyat, See, Ram Kishorelal v. Kamalanarayan, AIR 1963 SC 890.Malik, a devise or donee described as a 'malik' has a full right of alienation unless there is something in the context or in the surrounding circumstances to indicate that such full proprietary rights were not intended to be conferred, Sartaj Koer v. Mahadeo Bux, 29 OC 153: 1926 Oudh 332.Malik, a proprietor, Indian.The testator used the word 'malik' to describe the absolute interest in the property. The word 'malik' which had a well-known connotation, when used in a Will described the position of the divisee as an owner possessed of full proprietary rights, including a full right of alienation, unless there is something in the context or in the surrounding circumstances to indicate that such full proprietary rights were not intended to be conferred, Pearey Lal v. Rameshwar Das, AIR 1963 SC 1703 (1706): (1963) Supp 2 SCR 834.The term 'malik' when used in a will or other document as descriptive of the position whic...


consideration

consideration : something (as an act or forbearance or the promise thereof) done or given by one party for the act or promise of another see also contract compare motive NOTE: Except in Louisiana, consideration is a necessary element to the creation of a contract. The consideration must result from bargaining by the parties, and must be the thing that induces the mutual promises. ad·e·quate consideration : a consideration that is reasonably equivalent in value to the thing for which it is given fair consideration : a consideration that is reasonable and given in good faith ;specif : something with a reasonably equivalent value that under the laws of fraudulent conveyances is given in good faith in exchange for the transfer of property good consideration 1 : a consideration based on a family relationship or natural love and affection 2 : valuable consideration in this entry NOTE: When used as defined in sense 1 good consideration is the opposite of valuable consider...


exchange

exchange 1 a : a giving of something of value (as real property) in return for something of equal value (as money or property of a like kind) b in the civil law of Louisiana : a giving of something of value in return for something of equal value except money compare sale 2 : an organized market or center for trading in securities or commodities ...


quid pro quo

quid pro quo [New Latin, something for something] : something (as consideration) given or received for something else ...


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