Miscarriage - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: miscarriageMiscarriage
Miscarriage, a failure of justice. See 29 Car. 2, c. 3, s. 4. See also ABORTION.It means expulsion of the contents of a pregnant uterus at any period prior to or during the twenty-sixth week of pregnancy but does not include any miscarriage, the causing of which is punishable under the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860). [Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (53 of 1961), s. 3 (j)]--means the expulsion of the product of conception before the 28th week of conception, Mahendra v. Sushila, AIR 1965 SC 364 (391)....
Miscarriage
Unfortunate event or issue of an undertaking failure to attain a proper or desired result or reach a destination as a serious miscarriage of justice...
miscarriage of justice
miscarriage of justice ...
Abortion
Abortion, a miscarriage, or the premature expulsion of the contents of the womb before the term of gestation is completed.By the (English) Offences against the Person Act, 1861 (24 & 25 Vict. C. 100), s. 58, the unlawful administration of drugs or unlawful use of instruments, by a pregnant woman to herself, or (whether she be with child or not) by any person to her, with intent to procure miscarriage, is made felony, punishable by penal servitude or imprisonment, in the discretion of the Court. A person charged under this s. may be convicted under the (English) Infant Life (Preservation) Act, 1929 (19 & 20 Geo 5, c. 34). By s. 59 of the Act of 1861, the unlawful procuring of drug or instrument with the intent that it may be used to procure miscarriage is a misdemeanour whether the woman be with child or not. Earlier Acts (see, e.g., 43 Geo. 3, c. 59) made the offence a capital felony, but applied only in case of the woman being quick with child. A woman can be convicted of conspiracy t...
Guarantee
Guarantee, he to whom a guaranty is made; also, and more commonly, the guaranty itself. See GUARANTY.The assurance that a contract or legal act will be duly carried out; Something given or existing as security, such as to fulfill a further engagement or a condition subsequent, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 711.Company limited by. See COMPANIES.Guarantee includes any obligation undertaken before the commencement of this Constitution to make payments in the event of the profits of an undertaking falling short of a specified amount. [Constitution of India, Art. 366(13)]Guarantee, is in collateral engagement to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriage of another person, a promise to another as debtor to secure the payment of a debt payable to him, Stroud's Judicial Dictionary, Vol. 2, p. 1111.Includes any obligation undertaken before the com-mencement of the constitution to make payments in the event of the profits of an undertaking falling short of a specified amount, Constitut...
Natural justice
Natural justice, the aim of the rules of natural justice is to secure justice or to put it negatively to prevent miscarriage of justice. These rules can operate only in areas not covered by any law validly made. In other words they supplant the rules of natural justice which are not embodied rules. What particular rule of natural justice should apply to a given case must depend to a great extent on the facts and circumstances of that case, the frame-work of the law under which the enquiry is held and the constitution of the Tribunal pointed for the purpose, A.K. Kraipak v. Union of India, AIR 1970 SC 150: (1969) 2 SCC 262.Historically, 'natural justice' has been used in a way 'which implies the existence of moral principles of self-evidence and unarguable truth'. In course of time, judges nurtured in the traditions of British jurisprudence, often involved it in conjunction with a reference to 'equity and good conscience'. Legal experts of earlier generations did not draw any distinctio...
Legal misconduct
Legal misconduct, it is difficult to give an exhaustive definition of what amounts to legal misconduct. It may however be stated that legal misconduct means misconduct in the judicial sense arising from some honest, though erroneous, breach and neglect of duty and responsibility on the part of the arbitrator causing miscarriage of justice. It includes failure to perform the essential duties which are cast on an arbitrator as such. It also includes any irregularity of action which is not consonant with general principles of equity and good conscience which ought to govern the conduct of an arbitrator, Indian Mineral Co. v. Northern India Lime Marketing Association, AIR 1958 All 692....
Writ of certiorari
Writ of certiorari, certiorari jurisdiction can be exercised only for correcting errors of jurisdiction committed by inferior Courts or Tribunals. A writ of certiorari can be issued only in the exercise of supervisory jurisdiction which is different from appellate jurisdiction. The writ jurisdiction extends only to cases where orders are passed by inferior Courts or Tribunals in excess of their jurisdiction or as a result of their refusal to exercise jurisdiction vested in them or they act illegally or improperly in the exercise of their jurisdiction causing gave miscarriage of justice, Swarn Singh v. State of Punjab, (1976) 2 SCC 868 (872): AIR 1976 SC 232. (Constitution of India, Art. 226)...
Surety and guarantor
Surety and guarantor, are both answerable for debt, default, or miscarriage of another but liability of guarantor is, strictly speaking, secondary, and collateral, while that of surety is original, primary and direct. In case of suretyship there is but one contract; and surety is bound by the same agreement which binds his principal, while in case of guaranty there are two contracts and guarantor is bound by independent undertaking, Amulya Lal Choudhury v. Tripura Industrial Development Corporation, AIR 2007 Gau 113....
Sets of Exchange, or of Bills
Sets of Exchange, or of Bills. It has been common, from a very early period, for the drawer to draw and deliver to the payee several parts, commonly called a set, of the same bill of exchange, any one part of which being paid, the others are void. This is done to obviate inconveniences from the mislaying or miscarriage of the bill, and to enable the holder to transmit the same by different conveyances to the drawee, so as to ensure the most speedy presentment for acceptance and payment. The general usage in England and America is for the drawer to deliver a set of three parts of a bill to the payee or holder, Byles on Bills.By the Bills of Exchange Act, 1882, s. 71, 'where a bill is drawn in a set, each part of the set being numbered and containing a reference to the other part, the whole of the parts constitute one bill....
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