Endowed Schools - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: endowed schoolsEndowed schools
Endowed schools. Schools wholly or partly maintained out of an endowment. The (English) Endowed Schools Acts are 23 Vict. c. 11; 31 & 32 Vict. c. 32; 32 & 33 Vict. c. 56; 36 & 37 Vict. c. 87; 38 & 39 Vict. c. 29; and 42 & 43 Vict. c. 66; since which statutes their temporary provisions have been continued by (English) Annual Expiring Laws Continuance Acts. The principal Act is that of 1869 (32 & 33 Vict. c. 56), which provided for the reorganization of endowed schools generally (ex-cepting those subject to the (English) Public Schools Act, 1868, as to which see PUBLIC SCHOOLS) through the medium of 'schemes' to be framed by the 'Endowed Schools Commissioners,' whose powers were transferred by the (English) Act of 1874 (37 & 38 Vict. c. 87), to the Charity Com-missioners, and are now vested in the Board of Education. As to the dismissal of masters, see the (English) Endowed Schools (Masters) Act, 1908 (8 Edw. 7, c. 39), and Wright v. Zetland (Marquess), (1908) 1 KB 63. As to inspection o...
Grammar Schools
Grammar Schools, endowed schools founded (many of them by King Edward the Sixth) for the purpose of teaching Latin and Greek, or either of them, and in which, except under the orders of a Court of Equity, under the (English) Grammar Schools Act, 1840 (3 & 4 Vict. c. 77), the teaching of one or both of these languages, in accordance with the terms of the foundation, cannot be dispensed with. Grammar Schools are now usually governed by schemes under the Endowed Schools Acts, and in such cases visitatorial power is exercised by the Board of Education, Tudor's Char. Trusts, 4th Edn. P. 78, note (d). See ENDOWED SCHOOLS....
Charity Commissioners
Charity Commissioners. The Charity Commissio-ners for England and Wales are a body appointed under the provisions of the Charitable Trusts Acts, 1853 to 1925, and their powers and duties are to be found in these Acts. They exercise very extensive powers of management and control over charities, including power to authorize sales, exchanges, leases and mortgages of charity property; to frame new schemes where the original terms of the trust can no longer be literally or beneficially complied with; to investigate the accounts of charitable trusts; to sanction proceedings by the trustees and give them advice, and many other powers. There are, however, certain institutions exempted from their jurisdiction, e.g., certain universities and colleges, registered places of worship, and charities wholly supported by voluntary contributions; see s. 62 of the Act of 1853, the construction of which has given rise to great difficulties, and the judgment of Davey, L.J., in Re Clergy Orphan Corporation...
Education
Education. Mr. Forster's Elementary Education Act, 1870 (English) (33 & 34 Vict. c. 75), is the starting point in the history of the provision by legislation of a general system of education. Before this date education had been dealt with either as a series of individual problems in respect of which provisions were made for the education of special classes of persons, or by executive, as opposed to legislative methods, as, for example, by a system of grants in aid. This Act was followed by a series of Acts, known collectively as the Education Acts, 1870 to 1919, which together established a system of free and compulsory elementary education of a non-denominational character. The initial Act established 'school boards' with powers of building and maintaining elementary schools and of regulating the attendance of school children between the ages of 5 and 13. The El. Ed. Act, 1876, declared 'the duty of the parent of every child to cause such child to receive efficient elementary educatio...
Public school
In Great Britain any of various schools maintained by the community wholly or partly under public control or maintained largely by endowment and not carried on chiefly for profit specif and commonly any of various select and usually expensive endowed schools which give a liberal modern education or prepare pupils for the universities Eton Harrow Rugby and Winchester are of this class...
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, a tribunal of Privy Councilors, established by 2 & 3 Wm. 4, c. 92, for the disposal of appeals to the Sovereign in Council. It consists of the Lord Chancellor, the Lord President and ex-Lords President, the six Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, and such other members of the Privy Council as shall from time to time hold or have held 'High Judicial Office,' i.e., judges of the Supreme Courts of England or Ireland, Court of Session in Scotland, and not more than seven judges of the superior courts of the self-governing Colonies (or other possession fixed by Order in Council), and not more than two judges of any High Court in India as shall be nominated by the King.The Committee sits in Downing Street, Whitehall. Appeals are conducted before it as before a court, although inform it reports to the King advising that an appeal should be allowed or disallowed: consequently dissenting opinions are not disclosed. The principal matters which come before the Ju...
Charitable uses and trusts
Charitable uses and trusts. 9 Geo. 2, c. 26, commonly called 'The Mortmain Act,' 1735, after reciting that ifts or alienations of land in mortmain (see MORTMAIN) were prohibited by Magna Charta and other whole-some laws as prejudicial to the common utility, and that such public mischief had greatly increased by many large and improvident dispositions, made by languishing or dying persons to charitable uses, to take place after their deaths to the disherison of their lawful heirs, enacted that no lands or other hereditaments whatsoever, nor money, or personal estate to be laid out in land should be given to any person or bodies corporate, or charged by any person in trust, for any charitable uses, unless such gift, etc., should be made by deed (thus entirely excluding gifts by will) executed twelve months before the death of the donor and be enrolled in the court of Chancery within six calendar months after execution, and be without any power of revocation for the benefit of the donor.T...
Visitor
Visitor, an inspector of, incidental to and necessary for all elemosynary, many ecclesiastical and other corporations, endowed and other colleges, schools, hospitals and institutions; also of a college, corporation or hospital [see (Halsb. L.E. (Hailsham Edn.), vol. iv., tit. 'Charities'; and Cathedrals Measure, 1931 (21 & 22 Geo. 5, No. 7)] The Court of Chancery has exercised the right of visitation on behalf of the Crown, in whom the right (see 25 Hen. 8, c. 21 and 1 Eliz. c. 1, s. 2) of visitation and inspection lies, in default of special visitors. Under the (English) Lunacy Act, 1890, Parts VI. and VII., ss. 163 to 206, Chancery visitors of persons of unsound mind, so found by inquisition, appointed by the Lord Chancellor visiting committees under the regulations of a mental hospital, visitors appointed by justices, and visiting commissioners have special powers and duties to inspect persons, treatment documents and places in connection with persons of unsound mind. See also IDIOT...
Institutions
Institutions. It was the object of Justinian to comprise in his Code and Digest, or Pandects, a complete body of law. But these works were not adapted to the purposes of elementary instruction, and the writings of the ancient jurists were no longer allowed to have any authority, except so far as they had been incorporated in the digest, Smith's Dict. of Antiq. It was therefore necessary to prepare an elementary treatise, and the Institutes were published a month before the Pandects, A.D. 533, and designed as an elementary introduction to legal study (legum cunabula). The work was divided into four books, subdivided into titles.The Institutes are the elements of the Roman Law, and were composed at the command of the Emperor Justinian, by Trebonian, Dorotheus, and The ophilus, who took them from the writings of the ancient lawyers, and chiefly from those of Gaius especially from his Institutes and his books called Aureorum (i.e., of important matters).The Institutes are divided into four...
University
University, an association of learners, and of teachers and examiners of the learners, upon whose report the association grants upon whose report the association grants titles called 'degrees' (such as 'Master of Arts,' 'Doctor of Divinity'), showing that the holders have attained some definite proficiency.The English Universities are those of Oxford, Cambridge (incorporated by 13 Eliz. c. 29, by the two names of the Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford and Cambridge respectively, with the direction that they shall be called and named by none other name for evermore), Durham, London, Victoria of Manchester, Birmingham, Liverpool, Leeds, Sheffield, Bristol, and East Midland University Nottingham, the graduates of which (see University of Liverpool Act, 1904; (English) University of Leeds Act, 1904; and (English) Sheffield University Act, 1914) have equal statutory privileges and exemptions; and Reading University (see 18 & 19 Geo. 5, c. 25). There is also the Uni...
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