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Estate

According to this definition, the properties in question would be 'estate' as defined in Article 31A of the Constitution, Thakur Amar Singh Ji v. State of Rajasthan, (1955) 2 SCR 303: AIR 1955 SC 504. [Jaipur State

Doctrine of basic structure

'a basic structure' was nothing more than a set of obvious inferences relating to the intents of the Constitution-makers arrived at by applying the established canons of construction rather broadly, as they should be so far as

Court of record

the High Court and the control over the district courts and court subordinate thereto is vested in it, Constitution of India, Durga Das Basu, Vol. H, 6th Edn., p. 286. Although the Supreme Court as the final

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Court

functions and as such are subject to the overriding jurisdiction of this court under Art. 136 of the Constitution. Their powers are derived from the statute that creates them and they have to function within the limits

Collective responsibility

individuals acting together, responsibility of a Cabinet to Parliament, for the policy of the administration, Commentary on the Constitution of India, Durga Das Basu, Vol. E, 6th Edn., p. 391. In England collective responsibility is a rule

Begar

441. 'Begar' is thus clearly a form of forced labour. Now it is not merely 'begar' which is constitutionally prohibited by Article 23 but also all other similar forms of forced labour, People's Union for Democratic Rights

Article

or manufactured. [Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 (63 of 1986), s. 2 (a)] An article of the Constitution. [Representation of the People Act, 1950 (43 of 1950), s. 2 (a)] Any article of manufacture and any

Impeachment

wrong doing, Webster American Dictionary, p. 959. Is the prosecution of President by Parliament for violation of the Constitution. (Constitution of India, Art. 61) In U.K. by the Law of Parliament, all persons, whether peers or commoners

Misconduct

v. Foster, 17 QB 536 (542). A disregard of an essential condition of the contract of service may constitute misconduct, see Laws v. London Chronicle (Indicator Newspapers), (1959) 1 WLR 698. This view was adopted in Shardaprasad

Laws in force in the territory of India

the territory of India, the words 'laws in force in the territory of India' in Article 35(b) of Constitution also occur in Article 372, which continue in force existing laws which existed not only in the Provinces

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