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Fundamental right

Fundamental right, is protected and guaranteed by the written Constitution of a State, Commentary or the Constitution of India, Vol. 1, p. 126. Part III of the Constitution

Guarantee

Edn., p. 711. Company limited by. See COMPANIES. Guarantee includes any obligation undertaken before the commencement of this Constitution to make payments in the event of the profits of an undertaking falling short of a specified amount.

Appeal

In U.S.A., the Supreme Court has no appellate jurisdiction in ordinary civil cases, its jurisdiction being confined to constitutional matters. The Australian High Court possesses a general appellate jurisdiction, but further appeal lies to the Privy Council.

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High Court

High Court, means any court which is deemed for the purposes of this Constitution to be a High Court for any State and includes-- (a) any Court in the territory of India

Land

324: (1988) Supp 1 SCR 493. [U.P.Z.A. & L.R. Act, 1950, s. 3(14)] The word 'lands' in the Constitution of India Schedule 7, List 2, Entry 49 is wide enough to include all lands, whether agricultural or

Liberty

the law permits, Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab, (1994) 3 SCC 569 (757). The preamble of our constitution lays its resolve to assure to all its citizens liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship (Constitution

Major port

and includes all areas for the time being included within the limits of such port, Commentary on the Constitution of India, Durga Das Basu, Vol. 5, p. 213. [Constitution of India, Art. 364(2)(a)] The President is empowered

Martial law

any sentence passed, punishment inflicted, forfeiture ordered or any other act done under martial law, Commentary on the Constitution of India, Durga Das Basu, Vol. 2, 4th Edn., p. 297, Constitution of India, Art. 34. Martial Law,

Oath

oath is that the person concerned must give an undertaking to bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution and uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India, Virji Ram Sutaria v. Nathalal Premji Bhanvadia, SC 1970 SC

Other authorities

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research is not an authority within the meaning of article 12 of the Constitution, Sabhajit Tewary v. Union of India, AIR 1975 SC 1329 (1331). (Constitution of India Article 12)

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