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Cause of action

Fortune Express, (2006) 3 SCC 100. Right to sue. All the facts which are necessary to establish the plaintiff's right to the remedy which he claims. As to joinder of causes of action, see that title. Is

Trial

controversy that arises from an issue. It may equally mean the trial of an election petition or a complaint or an action from beginning to end, H.V. Kamath v. Election Tribunal, AIR 1958 MP 168. Means the

Judgment

or discharge of the other, as the case may be. By the (English) C.L.P. Act,1852, s. 120, a plaintiff or defendant having obtained a verdict in a cause tried out of term, was entitled to issue execution

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dismissal

again unless the plaintiff has brought the same action already. b : the cancellation of an indictment, information, complaint, or charge NOTE: Under Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 48, the attorney for the government may dismiss the

Security for costs

Security for costs. In certain cases a plaintiff, before proceeding with his action, may be required to give security for the costs of it. The principal

Costs

at Common Law, but the Statute of Gloucester (6 Edw. 1, c. 4), gave cots to a successful plaintiff, and 2 & 3 Hen. 8, c. 6, and 4 Jac. 1, c. 3, to a victorious defendant;

Passing off

violation of specific property right acquired under and recognised by the statute. In a passing-off action, however, the plaintiff's right is independent of such a statutory right to a trade mark and is against the conduct of

bond

to guarantee the defendant's appearance in court as scheduled attachment bond 1 : a bond given by a plaintiff seeking to attach the defendant's property that ensures payment to the defendant of any damages suffered because of

Leave to defend

and, unless the defendant should within twelve days obtain leave to appear and defend the action, allowed the plaintiff to sign judgment on proof of service. This procedure was retained by the (English) Judicature Act, 1875, Ord.

Challenge

a principal challenge, as that the sheriff or other returning officer is of kindred or affinity to the plaintiff of defendant, if the affinity continue; that one or more of the jury are returned at the nomination

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