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Royalty

in respect of each article sold under the patent, State of Orissa v. Titaghur Paper Mills Company Limited, AIR 1985 SC 1293 (1336): (1985) Supp SCC 280: (1985) 3 SCR 26. Royalty on timber brought from private forests

Reason to believe

must be held in good faith; it cannot merely be a pretence, Partap Singh v. Director of Enforcement, AIR 1985 SC 989: (1985) 3 SCC 72. Means that reasons should exist but the court will not go into … Ltd. v. Company Law Board, AIR 1967 SC 295. Reason to believe, shows that the belief that the applicant may be so arrested must be founded on reasonable grounds. Mere 'fear' is not 'belief' for which reason … Saran & Sons (P) Ltd. v. Income Tax Officer, AIR 1981 SC 1363: (1981) 3 SCC 143: (1981) 3 SCR 564. [Income Tax Act, 1961,

Public servant

does not covert his status into that of a 'public servant', Ramesh Balkrishna Kulkarni v. State of Maharashtra, AIR 1985 SC 1655 (1656): (1985) 3 SCC 606: (1985) Supp 2 SCR 345. (viii) So far as the Life … Act or a Government company as defined in s. 617 of the Companies Act 1956. It would thus appear that by virtue of these two amendments the Parliament sought to enlarge the definition of 'public servant' so

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Election

'election' within the meaning of Article 329(b), Lakshmi Charan Sen v. A.K.M. Hassan Uzzaman, (1985) 4 SCC 689: AIR 1985 SC 1233: (1985) Supp 1 SCR 493. [Constitution of India, Art. 329(d)] The word 'election' in Article 324 … person to choose between two inconsistent or alternative rights or claims. Thus, in Scarf v. Jardine, (1882) 7 App Cas 345, the House of Lords held that a customer could not sue a new firm after having … Is the choosing for the office by vote, Webster American Dictionary, p. 139. In certain cases voting by post or by proxy is allowed, Parliamentary

Precedent

their affairs, as well as a basis for orderly development of legal rules, Surinder Singh v. Hardial Singh, AIR 1985 SC (1985) 1 SCC 91: (1985) 1 SCR 1059. … v. Khubchand, AIR 1964 SC 1099. Precedent, are not an immutable dogma. Courts may evolve principles which are applicable to the facts involved in each case, Rumana Begum v. Government of Andhra Pradesh, 1992 Cr LJ 3512.

Tenant

under the Act will devolve on the heirs of the deceased tenant, Gian Devi Anand v. Jeevan Kumar, AIR 1985 SC 796: (1985) 2 SCC 683: (1985) Supp 1 SCR 1. Means any person by whom or on … Edn., p. 1478. Tenant, one that holds land of any one inclusive of the sovereign; it is therefore applicable to every subject holding land in this country; but the word is always used relatively, and as the

Natural justice

supposed to be so just that they are binding upon all mankind', Union of India v. Tulsiram Patel, AIR 1985 SC 1416 (1451): (1985) 3 SCC 398: (1985) Supp 2 SCR 131. Natural justice is the administration of … 1985 SC 1416 (1451): (1985) 3 SCC 398: (1985) Supp 2 SCR 131. Natural justice is the administration of justice in a common sense liberal … supplant the rules of natural justice which are not embodied rules. What particular rule of natural justice should apply to a given case must depend to a great extent on the facts and circumstances of that case,

Workman

incidentally performing some supervisory work, is a 'workman', Arkal Govind Raj Rao v. Ciba Geigy of India Ltd., AIR 1985 SC 985: (1985) Supp 1 SCR 282: (1985) 3 SCC 371. [Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, s. 2(s)] Means … Workman, does not include an apprentice/trainee appointed under the Apprentices Act, 1961, Dhampur Sugar Mills v. Bhola Singh, (2005) 2 SCC 470. [Uttar Pradesh

Sale of goods

comprehended within it would be ultra vires and unconstitutional, State of Orissa v. Titaghur Paper Mills Company Limited, AIR 1985 SC 1293: (1985) Supp SCC 280: (1985) 3 SCR 26. The expression 'sale of goods' in Entry 48 … of Gujarat v. Variety Body Builders, AIR 1976 SC 2108 (2112): (1976) 3 SCC 500: (1976) Supp SCR 131. The expression 'sale of goods' must be interpreted when used in Entry 54 of List II of the

Excise duty

different rates, the highest duty, Khandelwal Metal and Engineering Works v. Union of India, (1985) 3 SCC 620: AIR 1985 SC 1211: 1985 Supp (1) SCR 750. Excise duty is in essence a tax on manufacture or production

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