1957 1scr930 - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: 1957 1scr930Trial
Trial, does not exclude a proceeding relating to the delivery of judgment, Inayat v. Rex, AIR 1950 All 369: 1950 All LJ 127: 1950 All WR 245.Trial, is not necessary that the trial must be a full-dressed or a jury trial or a trial which concludes only after taking evidence of the parties in support of their respective cases, Dipak Chandra Ruhidas v. Chanden Kumar Sarkar, AIR 2003 SC 3701.Trial, is the conclusion, by a competent tribunal, of question in issue in legal proceedings, whether civil or criminal. Strouds Judicial Dictionary (5th Edn.) Indian Bank v. Maharashtra State Co-op. Marketing Federation Ltd., (1998) 5 SCC 69.Trial, is the examination by a competent court of the facts or laws in dispute, or put in issue in a case. It is the judicial examination of issues between the parties, whether they are of law or of fact, Sajjan Singh v. Bhagilal Pandya, AIR 1958 Raj 307.Trial, is understood as referring to the stage of the proceeding in a criminal case after the charge had been fr...
Judgment
Judgment [fr. judgment, Fr.], judicial determination; decision of a Court.Under the former practice of the superior Courts, this term was usually applied only to the Common Law Courts, the term 'decree' being in general use in the Court of Chancery. The expression 'Judg-ment,' however, is now used generally except in matrimonial causes, the term 'judgment' including 'decree' [(English) Jud. Act, 1925, s. 225, replacing Jud. Act,1873, s. 100].The several species of judgments are either:-(a) Interlocutory, given in the course of a cause, upon some plea, proceeding, or default, which is only intermediate, and does not finally determine or complete the action. See INQUIRY; SUMMONSES; and ORDERS; and the various titles of the subjects of such judgments as MANDAMUS; INJUNC-TION, etc.(b) Final, putting an end to the action by an award of redress to one party, or discharge of the other, as the case may be.By the (English) C.L.P. Act,1852, s. 120, a plaintiff or defendant having obtained a verd...
Retrenchment
Retrenchment, in its ordinary connotation is discharge of labour as surplus though the business or work itself is continued, S.M. Nilajkar v. Telecom District Manager, (2003) 4 SCC 27.Means the termination by the employer of the service of a workman for any reason whatsoever, otherwise than as a punishment inflicted by way of disciplinary action but does not include--(a) voluntary retirement of the workman; or(b) retirement of the workman on reaching the age of superannuation if the contract of employment between the employer and the workman concerned contains a stipulation in that behalf; or(bb) termination of the service of the workman as a result of the non-renewal of the contract of employment between the employer and the workman concerned on its expiry or of such contract being terminated under a stipulation in that behalf contained therein; or(c) termination of the service of a workman on the ground of continued ill-health. [Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (14 of 1947), s. 2 (oo)]T...
May
May, Prima facie the word 'may' must be given its ordinary and natural meaning. Primarily it is permissive in its meaning and until the contrary is established the word 'may' in section 6 of the Criminal (Amendment) Act could be read to mean that 'It shall be lawful'. There is nothing in the provisions of the Act, which would compel a court to give to the word 'may' in section 6 of the Act a meaning other than its ordinary meaning and to interpret it as 'shall', State v. Surajdeo Sinha, 1953 BLJR 571: 1954 Cr LJ 139: 1954 Pat 80.The word 'may' does not always import that the matter is discretionary with the court in exercising its functions. Similarly, 'shall' sometimes imports that the matter is entirely discretionary with the court in exercise of its functions, State of Uttar Pradesh v. Jogendra Singh, 1963 SC 1613; State of Uttar Pradesh v. Manbodan Lal, 1957 SC 912; Kamar Singh v. Delhi Administration, 1965 SC 971; Banwari Lal v. State of Bihar, 1961 SC 849; Narayana Rao v. State o...
Mining lease
Mining lease, means for the purposes of the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, a lease for mining purposes, that is, the searching for, winning, working, getting, making merchantable, carrying away, or disposing of mines and minerals, or purposes connected therewith, and includes a grant or licence for mining purposes [s. 205 (1) (xiv.), ibid.].'Mining lease', according to s. 3(d) of 1948 Act, means a lease granted for the purpose of searching for, winning, working, getting, making merchantable, carrying away or disposing of minerals or for the purposes connected therewith and includes an exploring or a prospecting license. 'Mining lease', according to Rule 3(i) of 1949 Rules means a lease to mine, quarry, bore, dig and search for, win, work and carry away any mineral specified therein. s. 3(c) of 1957 Act defines 'mining lease' to mean a lease granted for the purpose of undertaking mining operations and includes a sub-lease granted for mining operations, Gujarat Pottery Works v. B.P...
Minor mineral
Minor mineral, the expression 'minor mineral' as defined in s. 3(e) includes 'ordinary clay' and 'ordinary sand'. If the expression 'minor mineral' as defined in s. 3(e) of the Act includes 'ordinary clay' and 'ordinary sand', there is no reason why earth used for the purpose of making bricks should not be comprehended with in the meaning of the word 'any other mineral' which may be declared as a 'minor mineral' by the Government. The word 'mineral' is not a term of art. It is a word of common parlance, capable of a multiplicity of meanings depending upon the context, Banarsi Dass Chadha v. Lt. Governor, AIR 1978 SC 1587 (1588): (1978) 4 SCC 11. [Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Development) Act, 1957 (67 of 1957), s. 3(e)]Means building stones, gravel, ordinary clay, ordinary sand other than sand used for prescribed purposes, and any other mineral which the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare to be a minor mineral. [Mines and Minerals (Developmen...
Practice
Practice, connotes repeated events but that will not affect the construction to be placed on the words 'unfair labour practice to dismiss or discharge, Hindustan Lever Ltd. v. Ashok V. Kate, AIR 1966 SC 285, p. 301, (see Maharashtra Recognition of Trade Unions and Prevention of Unfair Labour Practices Act, 1971, Sch. IV, item 1).Practice, denotes the mode of proceeding by which a legal right is enforced as distinguished from the law which gives and defines the right, State of Seraikella v. Union of India, AIR 1951 SC 253: 1951 SCR 474: 1951 SCJ 425.Practice, includes any practice relating to the carrying on of any trade by a person or an enterprise. [Competition Act, 2002 (92 of 2003), s. 2(m)]The form and manner of conducting and carrying on suits, actions, or prosecutions at law or in equity, civil or criminal, through their various stages, from the commencement to final judgment and execution, according to principles and rules laid down by the several Courts. As to the precise meani...
Cinematograph film
Cinematograph film, a 'cinematograph film' is to be taken to include the sounds embodied in a sound track which is associated with the film. S. 13 of the Copyright Act,1957 recognises 'cinemato-graph film' as a distinct and separate class of 'work' and declares that copyright shall subsist therein throughout India, Indian performing Right Society Ltd. v. Eastern India Motion Picture Association (1977) 2 SCC 820: (1977) 3 SCR 206: AIR 1977 SC 1443 (1450).Includes any apparatus for the representation of moving pictures or series of pictures. (Cinematograph Act, 1952, s. 2)Means any work of visual recording on any medium produced through a process from which a moving image maybe produced by any means and includes a sound recording accompanying such visual recording and 'cinematograph' shall be construed as including any work produced by any process analogous to cinematography including video films. [Copyright Act, 1957 (14 of 1957), s. 2 (f)]...
Cis-Sutlej Jagirs
Cis-Sutlej Jagirs, 'cis-sutlej jagirs' in the State of Punjab fall within the definition of jagir in s. 2(1) (a) of the Punjab Resumption of Jagirs Act, 1957 and as such the State had authority to resume them, Amarsarjit Singh v. State of Punjab, AIR 1962 SC 1305: 1962 Supp (3) SCC 346. [Punjab Resumption of Jagirs Act, 1957 (39 of 1957), s. 2(i)(a)]...
Communication to the public
Communication to the public, for the purposes of this clause, communication through satellite or cable or any other means of simultaneous communication to more than one household or place of residence including residential rooms of any hotel or hostel shall be deemed to be communication to the public. [Copyright Act, 1957 (14 of 1957), s. 2(ff)]Means making any work available for being seen or heard or otherwise enjoyed by the public directly or by any means of display or diffusion other than by issuing copies of such work regardless of whether any member of the public actually sees, hears or otherwise enjoys the work so made available. [Copyright Act, 1957, s. 2 (ff)]...
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