Taking - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: taking Page: 4 Page 4 of about 1,766 results (0.004 seconds)Oath
Oath [fr. ath, Sax.], an appeal to God to witness the truth of a statement. It is called a corporal oath, where a witness, when he swears, places his right hand on the Holy Evangelists.The Christian religion, though it prohibits swearing, excepts oaths required by legal authority (Art. Ch. of Engl. xxxix.). All who believe in a God, the avenger of falsehood, have always been admitted to give evidence, but the old rule was, that all witnesses must take an oath of some kind. Very gradually, however, the legislature has relaxed this rule, and the privilege of affirming (see AFFIRMATION) instead of taking an oath has now been universally granted by the (English) Oaths Act, 1888, by which--Every person upon objection to being sworn, and stating, as the ground of such objection, either that he has no religious belief, or that the taking of an oath is contrary to his religious belief, shall be permitted to make his solemn affirmation instead of taking an oath in all places and for all purpose...
Replevin
Replevin, a personal action to recover possession in specie of goods unlawfully taken (generally, but not exclusively, applicable to the taking of goods distrained for rent), by contesting the validity of the seizure, whereas, if the owner prefer to have damages instead, the validity may be contested by action of trespass or unlawful distress. The word means a re-delivery to the owner of the pledge or thing taken in distress. It is re-delivered to him by the registrar of the county court of the district within which it was taken, upon his undertaking and giving security to try the validity of the distress or taking, in an action of replevin to be forthwith commenced by him against the distrainer, and prosecuted with effect and without delay either in the County Court or in the High Court, and to restore it if the right be adjudged against him; after which the distrainer may keep it in distraint subject to the law of distress.It is a general rule that whoever brings replevin ought to ha...
Poaching
Poaching, taking name by trespass. Also taking fish, e.g., salmon and trout by illegal methods (see infra).Trespassing in the daytime in pursuit of 'game'--i.e., hares, pheasants, partridges, grouse, heath or moor game, black game, or bustards--or woodcock, snipe, quails, landrail, or rabbits, is punishable summarily by fine up to 2l., and in case of a trespass by five or more, up to 5l.; the leave of the occupier being no defence if the landlord or other person have by reservation the right to kill the game. [See (English) GAME ACT, 1831, ss. 2, 30]Unlawfully taking in the night, i.e., between the expiration of the first hour after sunset and the commencement of the first hour before sunrise, 'game,' as above defined, is punishable summarily by imprisonment with hard labour; and any persons, to the number of three or more, by night unlawfully entering lands, for the purpose of taking or destroying any 'game,' as above defined, or rabbits (any of them being armed with any gun or other ...
Birds
Birds. Larceny may be committed at Common Law of domestic fowls, as hens, ducks, geese, etc. (1 Hale, PC 511), and of tame pigeons, though unconfined, Reg. v. Cheafor, (1851) 2 Den CCR 361, and of tame pheasants, Reg. v. Head, (1857) 1 F&F 350; or partridges, Reg. v. Shickle, (1868) LR 1 CCR 158. The (English) Larceny Act, 1861, ss. 21-23, provides, that whoever shall steal, or kill with intent to steal, birds ordinarily kept in a state of confinement, or for any domestic purposes, not being the subject of larceny at Common Law, or shall be in possession of any such bird, or the plumage thereof, knowing the same to have been stolen, shall be punishable on summary conviction by fine or imprisonment.As to unlawfully and wilfully killing or wounding house doves or pigeons under circumstances not amounting to larceny at Common Law, see (English) Larceny Act, 1861, s. 23, and Malicious Damage Act, 1861, s. 41. See also the (English) Poultry Act, 1911, and the Protection of Animals Act, 1911...
Cognizance
Cognizance (Judicial), knowledge upon which a judge is bound to act without having it proved in evidence: as the public statutes of the realm, the ancient history of the realm, the order and course of proceedings in Parliament, the privileges of the House of Commons, the existence of war with a foreign state, the several seals of the King, the Supreme Court and its jurisdiction, and many other things. A judge is not bound to take cognizance of current events, however notorious, nor of the law of other countries. See Roscoe's Evidence at Nisi Prius.Means 'jurisdiction' or 'the exercise jurisdiction' or 'power to try and determine to causes'. In common sense taking notice of, Rakesh Kumar Mishra v. State of Bihar, (2006) 1 SCC 557.Means 'jurisdiction' or the exercise or jurisdiction or power to try and determine causes, K. Kalimuthu v. V. State By DSP, (2005) 4 SCC 512.Means 'taking notice of', S.K. Zutshi v. Bimal Debnath, (2004) 8 SCC 31.Means exercising jurisdiction if it is in respec...
Larceny
Larceny [fr. larcin, Fr.; latrocinium, Lat.], contracted from latrociny, the unlawful taking and carrying away of things personal, with intent to deprive the rightful owner of the same. Larceny is a felony, and is either simple or accompanied with circumstances of aggravation:(1) Simple larceny at Common Law, or plain theft. To constitute the offence there must be an unlawful taking, which implies that the goods must pass from the possession of a true owner (including one who has a qualified property only in the goods, as a bailee), and without his consent; where there is, then, no change of possession, or a change of it by consent, or a change from the possession of a person without title to that of the true owner, there cannot be a larceny. As to the difference between property parted with by the owner of his own free will, however fradulently influenced, in other words, between property 'entrusted' and 'possession by a trick,' see Oppenheimer v. Frazer, (1907) 2 KB 50, and Lake v. S...
Uses
Uses (History). A use is the intention or purpose, express or implied, upon which property is to be held. The Common Law treated the actual possessor for all purposes as the owner of the property. It was not difficult to find him out, since the possession of his estate was conferred upon him by a formal and notorious ceremony, technically called livery of seisin, which was performed openly and in the presence of the people of the locality.It soon became evident that the simple rules of the Common Law were stumbling-blocks to the complicated wants of an enterprising people.Hence ingenuity was sharpened to hit upon a device which should set at nought the rigidity of existing law and formalities.A system was found by the monastic jurists upon a model furnished by the Civil Law, which, by a nice adaptation, evaded, without overturning, the Common Law. Two methods of transferring realty began to co-exist in this country-the ancient Common Law system, and the later invention, which is denomi...
Detainer
Detainer, forcible. See FORCIBLE ENTRY.Unlawful. The wrongful keeping of a person's goods, although the original taking may have been lawful. As if I distrain another's cattle, damage feasant, and before they are impounded he tenders me sufficient amends; now, though the original taking was lawful, my subsequent detention of them, after tender of amends, is not lawful, and he shall have an action of replevin against me to recover them, in which he shall recover damages for the detention, and not for the caption, because the original taking was lawful, 3 Steph. Com., and see DETINUE.Writ of, one of the five forms of process prescribed by the 2 Wm. 4, c. 39, s. 1, for the commencement of a personal action against a person already in the prison of one of the courts. Superseded by 1 & 2 Vict. c. 110, ss. 1, 2.A process lodged with the sheriff against a person in his custody was called a detainer; the officer, therefore, always searched the sheriff's office to see if there were any detainer...
Abduction
Abduction: (1) The forcible or fradulent taking away of a woman. It is felony:-(a) Where any person from motives of lucre takes away or detains any woman who has any interest in any property (even a presumptive expectation) with intent to marry or carnally know her or to cause her to be married or carnally known. (b) Where any person fradulently allures, takes away or detains with like intent such a woman under 21 out of the possession and against the will of her parent or other person having the lawful care of her. In either of these two cases a person convicted is incapable of taking any estate or interest in the woman's property, (English) Offences against the Person Act, 1861. (c) Where any person by force takes away or detains any woman being of age with like intent (Ib. s. 54). It is a misdemeanour:-(a) Where any person takes away an unmarried girl under 16 out of the possession and against the will of her parent or other person having lawful charge of her (Ib. s. 55). A bona fid...
Remainder
Remainder [fr. remanentia, Lat.], that expectant portion, remnant, or residue of interest which, on the creation of a particular estate, is at the same time limited over to another, who is to enjoy it after the determination of such particular estate.After 1925 remainders can operate only as equitable interests, and in that manner they can be created in respect of personality as well as realty. The follow-ing explanation of legal remainders has been retained as relating to titles to land existing before 1926, and see (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 4, as to the construction of equitable interests.A remainder may be limited in all freehold estates, but not strictly and technically in chattels real and personal, although these may be limited over after a previous limitation or a partial interest in them. It may be limited by way of use (which is, in practice, the usual method), as well as by a conveyance deriving its effect from the Common Law.In the same land there may at the sa...
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