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privilege

intent or motive ;specif : a privilege that exempts high public officials (as legislators) from liability for statements made while acting in their official capacity without regard to intent or malice qualified privilege : a privilege esp. … : an exemption from liability where an action is deemed to be justifiable (as in the case of self-defense) or because of the requirements of a position or office ;also : the affirmative defense that an action

Natural justice

to prevent miscarriage of justice. These rules can operate only in areas not covered by any law validly made. In other words they supplant the rules of natural justice which are not embodied rules. What particular rule … 262. Historically, 'natural justice' has been used in a way 'which implies the existence of moral principles of self-evidence and unarguable truth'. In course of time, judges nurtured in the traditions of British jurisprudence, often involved it

Family unit

Andhra Pradesh, AIR 1980 SC 1568: (1980) 4 SCC 295: (1980) 3 SCR 1143. No distinction has been made in the definition of family unit between a divided minor son and an undivided minor son. Both stand … son would clearly be included in the 'family unit' and by reason of S. 4, his land, whether self-acquired or obtained on partition, would be liable to be clubbed with the lands held by the other members

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Uses

the Common Law, as it would have been absurd to give possession by livery of seisin to one's self. This was found to be convenient, especially in the following example: It frequently happened that upon the death … the lands could not be discovered. 'Fourthly. The king lost the estates of aliens and criminals; for they made their friends trustees, who kept possession, and secretly gave them the profits, so that their use was undiscovered.

Prerogative of mercy

Corpus,' the offence of sending a subject to a foreign prison against s. 12 of that enactment was made unpardonable by the King. The Prerogative of Mercy was frequently invoked to alter the sentence, either to obviate … be considered to have incurred any criminal respon-sibility, e.g., persons who had committed homicide by misadventure or in self-defence (Pollock and Maitland's Hist. Engl. Law, vol. ii., pp. 476 et seq.), but was even extended to jurors

Alien

authorized by regulation) he asserts his British nationality by a declaration of retention registered in accordance with regulations made under the Act (as amended by the British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act, 1933 (23 & 24 … s. 9 provides that the provisions of the Act as to naturalization shall not have effect within the Self-Governing Dominions unless the Government of the Dominion adopts them. The third part of the Act deals with the

Tenant

his tenancy but shall not include any person against whom any decree or order for eviction had been made by a court of competent jurisdiction, A.C. Estates v. Serajuddin and Co., AIR 1966 SC 935 (938): (1966) … tenanted premises, which are heritable, Kasturi Lal v. Brimlal, 1986 Sim LJ 86. Tenant, includes a sub-tenant and self-cultivating lessee, but shall not include a present holder, Punjab Tenancy Act, 1887, ss. 5, 6, 7, 8; Punjab

Forfeiture

except in regard to assignments in breach of covenant before 1926, retrospective, so as to apply to leases made before its passing, and (2) incapable of being nullified by any stipulation of the parties. (7) Waste. The … his title, which devolves upon others. Forfeiture resulted from the following circumstan-ces:--(1) Treason, misprision of treason, felony, murder, self-murder, pr'munire, and striking or threatening a judge. But the (English) Forfeiture Act, 1870 (33 & 34 Vict. c.

National insurance

of the two branches of National Insurance, and for the determination of any particular question reference should be made to the Acts themselves and the regulations made thereunder; see also Chitty's Statutes, tit. 'Insurance,' and Comyns Carr … these benefits are subject to various qualifications and conditions. The administration of the scheme is carried out through self-governing societies known as 'Approved Societies,' who administer the above benefits, except (1), which are administered by statutory bodies

At any given time

2004 SC 2303. At any time, the expression at any time merely means that the termination may be made even during the subsistence of the term of appointment, Shrilakha Vidyasthi v. State of Uttar Pradesh, (1991) 1

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