S 100 - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: s 100 Page: 5Desertion
Desertion, (1) the criminal offence of abandoning the naval or military service without license. See ss. 12 et seq. of the (English) Army Act, 1881, replacing similar s.s of the (English) annual Mutiny Acts, and Reg. v. Cuming, (1887) 19 QBD 13.Also (2) an abandonment of a wife, a matrimonial offence, for which the remedy is under (English) Judicature Act, 1925, s. 185, by which a sentence of judicial separation may be obtained either by the husband or wife on the ground of desertion, without cause, for two years and upwards; and see (English) Matrimonial Causes Act, 1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c. 85), s. 21, as to orders for the protection of the property of wives deserted by their husbands; and the (English) Summary Jurisdiction (Married Women) Act, 1895 (58 & 59 Vict. c. 39), repealing and re-enacting the (English) Married Women (Maintenance in Case of Desertion) Act, 1886, under which a deserted wife may obtain an order from justices of the peace that the husband pay her such weekly sum, n...
Clerical error
Clerical error, an error in a document which can only be explained by considering it to be a slip or mistake of the party preparing or copying it. Clerical errors in judgments or orders may be corrected by the Court or a judge under R.S.C. Ord. XXVIII., r. 11, and in awards, by the arbitrator, under the Arbitration Act, 1889 (52 & 53 Vict. c. 49), s. 7; and for the inherent right of a Court to correct an error or supply an accidental omission, see Milson v. Carter, 1893 AC 640.As to contracts, clerical errors have frequently been corrected by application of the maxims, Qui h'ret in litera, h'ret in cortice, or, Mala grammctica non vitiat chartam. A clerical error in a lease for ninety-four years at a yearly rent 'during the said term of ninety-one years and a quarter' was corrected by the counterpart into ninety-one years and a quarter, in Burchell v. Clark, (1876) 2 CPD 88, by a majority of the Court of Appeal; and see Spyve v. Topham, (1802) 3 East 115; and other cases showing that c...
Irish and Scots Courts' Judgments
Irish and Scots Courts' Judgments. As regards Northern Ireland and Scottish judgments, a judg-ment of a Superior Court of Northern Ireland or Scotland is enforceable after registration of a certificate thereof by the High Court of Justice in England, under the Judgments Extension Act, 1868 (31 & 32 Vict. c. 54 (preserved by Judic. Act, 1925, s. 224); and a judgment of an inferior Court is similarly enforceable by an English county Court, under the Inferior Courts Judgments Extension Act, 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 31). Irish Free State judgments of the Courts may not be so enforced under the Judgments Extension Act, 1868, since references to 'Ireland' in any enactment passed before the establishment of the Irish Free State to the United Kingdom or to Ireland are in the application of that enactment in Great Britain or Northern Ireland to be construed as exclusive of the Irish Free State (see Stat. R. & O. 1923, No. 405, Art. 2). The Act of 1868 applies only to debt, damages and costs, but ...
Mandamus
Mandamus [we command). (1) A high prerogative writ of a most extensive remedial nature. In form it is a command issuing in the King's name from the King's Bench Division of the High Court only, and addressed to any person, corporation, or inferior court of judicature requiring them to do something therein specified, which appertains to their office, and which the court holds to be consonant to right and justice. It is used principally for public purposes, and to enforce performance of public duties. It enforces, however, some private rights when they are withheld by public officers.It is a general rule that this writ is only to be issued where a party has no other specific remedy; and he must apply to the court without delay. the jurisdiction is altogether in the discretion of the court. It can only be obtained from the King's Bench Division, and on motion, and not in an action; [(English) R.S.C., Ord. LIII., r. 4]. For rules of procedure, see (English) Crown Office Rules, 1906, rr. 49...
Reserving points of law
Reserving points of law. It was long the practice for a judge at the assizes to reserve points of law for consideration by the full Court (for which he was sitting as Commissioner) at Westminster, and this practice, recognised by s. 34 of the Common Law Procedure Act, 1854, which conferred a right of appeal, was kept up by s. 46 of the Judicature Act, 1873, and R.S.C. Ord. XXXVI., r. 22, of the Rules of 1875. But s. 17 of the Appellate Jurisdiction Act, 1876, and R.S.C. Ord. XXXVI., r. 22A (now rescinded), substituted for this procedure the argument of the point on 'further consideration' before the judge himself, and now by R.S.C. Ord. XXXVI., r. 39, the judge shall, at or after trial, direct judgment to be entered as he shall think right, and no motion for judgment shall be necessary.As to the reserving points of law at sessions or assizes, see Crown Cases Act, 1848; Judicature Act, 1873, s. 47 [see now Jud. Act, 1925, s. 31 (1) (a)], and Judicature Act, 1875, s. 19 [see now (English...
Revenue
Revenue, income, annual profit received from land or other funds; also money at the disposal of the Crown, i.e., the executive. The chief sources are (1) Crown property, surrendered to the nation; (2) taxation--income tax, death duties, customs and excise, stamp duties; (3) certain managed enter-prises, such as the Post Office, and Lands, Woods and Forests and miscellaneous holdings such as shares in the Suez Canal, and other profits or fiscal prerogatives of the Crown.See Halsb. Encycl. Laws of England, tit. 'Revenue'; Chitty's Statutes, tits. 'Customs,' 'Property Tax,' 'Death Duties,' 'Stamps,' and 'Revenue.'Revenue causes were peculiarly within the province of the court of Exchequer; the practice of which Court in matters of revenue was regulated by the Queen's Remembrancer Act, 1859 (22 & 23 Vict. c. 21), ss. 9 et seq., and the Crown Suits Act, 1865 (28 & 29 Vict. c. 104).The jurisdiction of the Court of Exchequer was transferred to the High Court of Justice ((English) Jud. Act, 18...
Third party
Third party, means a person other than the citizen making a request for information and includes a public authority. [Right to Information Act, 2005 (22 of 2005), s. 2(n)]Means a person other than the person making a request for information and includes a public authority. [Freedom of Information Act, 2002, s. 2(i)]Means one who is not a party to a lawsuit, agreement, or other transaction but who is somehow involved in the transaction, someone other than the principal parties, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1489.The phrase used to introduce any one into a scene already occupied by two in a definite relation to one another, as principal and agent, guardian and ward, solicitor and client. See AS AGAINST, AS BETWEEN.As to third-party insurance of motor vehicles; by the (English) Road Traffic Act, 1930 (20 & 21 Geo. 5, c. 43), s. 35, users of motor vehicles are to be insured against third-party risks. See Part II. of the Road Traffic Act; the (English) Motor Vehicles (Third Party Ris...
Decree
Decree [fr. decretum, Lat.], an edict, a law.The term was also used for the judgment of a Court of Equity. But by the (English) Judicature Acts, 1873 and 1875, the expression judgment, which was formerly used only in Courts of Common Law, is adopted in reference to the decisions of all Divisions of the Supreme Court, and [(English) Judicature Act, 1925, s. 225, replacing (English) Act of 1873, s. 100] includes decree. See JUDGMENT, and consult Seton on Decrees. In Scotland the judgment of a Court disposing of a case (accent on first syllable).Decree means a formal expression of an adjudication which the Court conclusively and finally determines the rights of the parties with regard to all or any of the matters in controversy in the suit, Deep Chand v. Land Acquisition Officer, (1994) 4 SCC 99: AIR 1994 SC 1901.A decree in invitum is not an instrument securing money or other property; such a decree is a record of the formal adjudication of the Court relating to a right claimed by a part...
Locke's Act
Locke's Act (English), (23 & 24 Vict. c. 127), the Solicitors Act, 1860, amending the law as to the admission etc., of solicitors. Secs. 22 (in part) and 34, 35 have not been repealed by the Solicitors Act, 1932 (23 & 24 Geo. 5, c. 37).Locke-King's Act (English) (17 & 18 Vict. c. 113), the Real Estates Charges Act, 1854 (amended by the Real Estate Charges Act, 1867 and 1877 (30 & 31 Vict. c. 69, and 40 & 41 Vict. c. 34)), whereby the heir or devisee of real estate was first precluded from claiming payment of a mortgage on such estate out of the personal assets of the ancestor or testator. In respect of deaths after 1925, both these Acts were repealed and reproduced and extended by the Administration of Estates Act, 1925; see s. 35....
Evidence
Evidence, proof, either written or unwritten, of allegations in issue between parties.Something (including testimony, documents and tangible objects) that tends to prove or disprove the existence of an alleged fact, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 575.The leading rules of evidence are the following:-(1) The sole object and end of evidence is to ascertain the truth of the several disputed facts or points in issue; and no evidence ought to be admitted which is not relevant to the issues. As to when evidence of collateral facts is admissible, see Hales v. Kerr, (1908) 2 KB 601; Butterley Co. v. New Hucknall Colliery Co., (1909) 1 Ch 37. As to acts showing a continuous course of conduct, see R. v. Mortimer, 25 Cr App Cas 150.(2) The point in issue is to be proved by the party who asserts the affirmative; according to the maxim affirmanti non neganti incumbit probatio. See BURDEN OF PROOF.(3) It will be sufficient to prove the substance of the issue.(4) The best evidence must be given ...
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