Personal Estate - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: personal estateContingent remainder
Contingent remainder, a remainder limited so as to depend on an event or condition which may never happen or be performed, or which may not happen or be performed till after the determination of the preceding estate, Fearne, Cont. Remainders.The legal estate in contingent remainders has been abolished by the Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 1. S. 4, whoever, provides that they can take effect as equitable interests, and any instrument creating a contingent remainder has become a settlement under s. 1 (ii) of the (English) S.L. Act, 1925. See SETTLED LAND.In Smith d. Dormer v. Parkhurst, (1740) 18 Vin. Abr. 413; 6 Bro. Cas. Par. 351, the Court held that, in every case where an estate is given to A. for life, the grantor has an interest remaining in him to enter upon the estate, if it should determine by any act of the tenant amounting to a forfeiture; that this right is inherent in the grantor, from the nature of the estate itself, and may be conveyed to trustees; and that, when it is conv...
Merger
Merger [fr. mergo, Lat., to sink], an annihilation, by act of law, of a particular in an expectant estate consequent upon their union in the same person without an intervening estate in another person--thus accelerating into possession the expectant which swallows up the particular estate. It is the drowning of one estate in another, and differs from suspension, which is but a partial extinguishment for a time; while extinguishment, properly so termed, is the destruction of a collateral thing in the subject itself out of which it is derived. 'In order that there may be a merger, the two estates which are supposed to coalesce must be vested in the same person at the same time and in the same right' [Re Radcliffe, (1892) 1 Ch 231, per Lindley, LJ]. An estate tail, however is an exception to the rule; for a man may have in his own right both an estate tail and a reversion in fee; and the estate tail, though a less estate, will not merge in the fee, 2 Bl. Com. 177.The doctrine of merger pr...
Personal property
Personal property, money, goods, cattle, chattels, stocks, shares, securities, debts, etc., and also leases for years, however long. Personal property is either in possession, or in action, where a man has not the actual occupation of the thing, but only a right to it arising upon some contract, and recoverable by an action at law.Any person may assign personal property, including chattels real, directly to himself and another person or other persons or corporation, by the like means as he might assign the same to another, Law of Property Amendment Act, 1859, s. 21.This was extended by the (English) Emergency Act, 1881, to conveyances of freehold land or choses in action by a husband to a wife or e contra. Now, by the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 72, a person may convey real or personal property to himself alone.In the case of real property there can be no such thing as an absolute ownership in the subject-matter, i.e., land; the utmost that any one, even an owner in fee sim...
personal estate
personal estate see estate ...
Power
Power, in respect of court the word 'power' means an authority expressly or impliedly conferred on the court by law to do that which without that sanction it could not have done, consent cannot give jurisdiction, K.E. v. Vithu, (1899) 1 Bom LR 157.Power, is an authority reserved by, or limited to, a person to dispone, either wholly or partially, of movable or immovable property, either for his own benefit or for that of others. The word is used as a technical term and is distinct from the dominion which a man has over his own estate by virtue of ownership, Stroud's Judicial Dictionary.Power, is not synonymous with jurisdiction, K.E. v. Vithu, (1899) 1 Bom LR 157.Power, may be general or implied. The general powers are such as the donee can exercise in favour of such person or persons as he pleases, including himself, Mahadeo Ramchandra v. Damodar Vishwanath, AIR 1957 Bom 218.Means any form of energy which is not generated by human or animal agency. [The Gujarat Lifts and Escalators Act...
Legal representative
Legal representative, a 'legal representative' ordinarily means a person who in law represents the estate of a deceased person or a person on whom the estate devolves on the death of an individual, Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation v. Ramanbhai Prabhat Bhai, AIR 1987 SC 1690 (1699): (1987) 3 SCC 234: (1987) 3 SCR 404. [Motor Vehicles Act, (4 of 1939), s. 92A]The definition of 'legal representatives' includes heirs as well as persons who represent the estate even without title either as executors or administrators in possession of the estate of the deceased, Custodian of Branches of BANCO National Ultramarino v. Nalini Bai Naique, AIR 1989 SC 1589 (1591): (1989) Supp 2 SCC 275: (1989) 2 SCR 810.It has the meaning assigned to it in clause (11) of section 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. [Wealth-tax Act, 1957, s. 2 (lb)]It means a person who in law represents the estate of a deceased person, and includes any person who intermeddles with the estate of the deceased person, and...
Law Reform (UK)
Law Reform (UK). By the Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1934 (24 & 25 Geo. 5, c. 41), all causes of action shall with certain exceptions survive on the death (after the 24th July, 1934) of any person against or for the benefit of his estate. See actio personalis, and by s. 1(2) it is enacted:Where a cause of action survives as aforesaid for the benefit of the estate of a deceased person the damages recoverable for the benefit of the estate of that person:-(a) shall not include any exemplary damages;(b) in the case of a breach of promise to marry shall be limited to such damage, if any, to the estate of that person as flows from the breach of promise to marry;(c) where the death of that person has been caused by the act of omission which gives rise to the cause of action, shall be calculated without reference to any loss or gain to his estate consequent on his death, except that a sum in respect of funeral expenses may be included.See Rose v. Ford, (1937) 53 TLR 873.The right...
Mortgage
Mortgage [fr. mort, Fr., dead, and gage, pledge], a deed pledge; a thing put into the hands of a creditor.A mortgage is the creation of an interest in property, defeasible (i.e., annullable) upon performing the condition of paying a given sum of money, with interest thereon, at a certain time. This conditional assurance is resorted to when a debt has been incurred, or a loan of money or credit effected, in order to secure either the repayment of the one or the liquidation of the other. the debtor, or borrower, is then the mortgagor, who has charged or transferred his property in favour of or to the creditor or lender, who thus becomes the mortgagee. If the mortgagor pay the debtor loan and interest within the time mentioned in a clause technically called the proviso for redemption, he will be entitled to have his property again free from the mortgagee's claim; but should he not comply with such proviso, the legal estate becomes perfected in the mortgagee, i.e., indefeasible, and so los...
Bare trustee
Bare trustee, A person holding property in trust for another without any beneficial interest in or duty in regard to it except to transfer it to the person entitled. Under the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, 1st Sched., Part II., para 3, the legal estate, if any, in a bare trustee (not being a trustee for sale) automatically vested in the person who could call for a conveyance of it. Although this simplified conveyancing where the legal estate in the trustee was only remote, it was found that great inconvenience would be caused in cases where the legal estate in the trustee related to the entirety of the property in question according to its nature, and the Law of Property Amendment Act, 1926, provided that a purchaser for money or money's worth without notice of the trust upon production of the title deeds may accept the conveyance from the trustee or persons deriving title under him. See ACTIVE TRUSTEE.Bare trustee, in relation to a deposit means person holding the deposit on tr...
Year to year, tenancy from
Year to year, tenancy from. This estate arises either expressly, as when land is let from year to year, or by a general parol demise, without any deter-minate interest, but reserving the payment of an annual rent; or impliedly, as when property is occupied generally under a yearly rent, payable yearly, half-yearly, or quarterly; or when such tenant holds over, after the expiration of his term, without having entered into any new contract, and pays rent (before which he is a tenant on sufferance), and in such cases the tenant holds over on such terms of the old tenancy lease as are applicable to a tenancy from year to year and to the particular tenancy.The qualities which distinguish a tenancy from year to year from proper terms for years, and from estates at will, are (1) that it exists by construction of law alone instead of an estate at will in every instance where a possession is taken with the consent of the legal owner and where an annual rent has been paid, but without there havi...
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