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Picketing [fr. piquet Fr., a diminutive of pique a pike]. In its legal sense this word means the stationing of men to watch and accost workmen passing between their homes and place of employment in order thereby to induce them to come out on strike, or to remain on strike. Such proceeding is to some extent legalized by the (English) Trade Disputes Act, 1906 (6 Edw. 7, c. 47), s. 2 (1) of which is as follows:-2. (1) It shall be lawful for one or more persons, acting on their own behalf or on behalf of a trade union or of an individual employer or firm in contemplation or furtherance of a trade dispute, to attend at or near a house or place where a person resides or works or carries on business or happens to be, if they so attend merely for the purpose of peacefully obtaining or communicating informa-tion, or of peacefully persuading any person to work or abstain from working.But the right of picketing is limited to peaceful attendance, and by the (English) Trade Disputes and Trade Union...
Tout
Tout, 'tout' means a person who procures, in consideration of any remuneration moving from any Advocate or from any person on his behalf, the employment of such Advocate in any legal business, or who proposes to any Advocate to procure, in consideration of any remuneration moving from such Advocate or from any person on his behalf, the employment of the Advocate in such business, or who for purposes of such procurement frequents the precincts of the Court. In re Sant Ram AIR 1960 SC 932: (1960) 3 SCR 499.-means a person-(a) who procures, in consideration of any remunera-tion moving from any legal practitioner, the employment of the legal practitioner in any legal business; or who proposes to any legal practitioner or to any person interested in any legal business to procure, in consideration of any remuneration moving from either of them, the employment of the legal practitioner in such business; or(b) who for the purposes of such procurement frequents the precincts of Civil or Crimina...
Provost-Marshal
Provost-Marshal, an officer of the royal forces who has the charge of military prisoners, 13 Car. 2, c. 9, and Manual of Military Law.Means a person appointed as such under s. 107 and includes any of his deputies or assistants or any other person legally exercising authority under him or on his behalf. [Army Act, 1950 (54 of 1950), s. 3 (xx)]Means a person appointed as such under s. 108 and includes any of his deputies or assistants or any other person legally exercising authority under him or on his behalf. [Air Force Act, 1950 (45 of 1950), s. 4 (xxv)]...
Retainer
Retainer. (1) The contract between client and solicitor or between solicitor and counsel for professional services: the contract that such services shall not be given to the opposite party; (2) a document given by a solicitor to counsel, engaging the person who receives it to appear for a party, either in some particular suit or action in prospect (which is called a special retainer, or in all matters of litigation in which such party may at any time be involved; this is called a general retainer. Subject to rr. 20 and 21 of the Retainer Rules, a special retainer is binding if duly tendered, whether accepted or not, but there is no rule of the profession which makes a general retainer binding on a counsel unless it is accepted by him.Rules 20 and 21 are shortly as follows.By rule 20 counsel who has drawn pleadings or advised, or accepted a brief, during the progress of an action on behalf of any party must not accept a retainer or brief from any other party without giving the party or ...
Retrenchment
Retrenchment, in its ordinary connotation is discharge of labour as surplus though the business or work itself is continued, S.M. Nilajkar v. Telecom District Manager, (2003) 4 SCC 27.Means the termination by the employer of the service of a workman for any reason whatsoever, otherwise than as a punishment inflicted by way of disciplinary action but does not include--(a) voluntary retirement of the workman; or(b) retirement of the workman on reaching the age of superannuation if the contract of employment between the employer and the workman concerned contains a stipulation in that behalf; or(bb) termination of the service of the workman as a result of the non-renewal of the contract of employment between the employer and the workman concerned on its expiry or of such contract being terminated under a stipulation in that behalf contained therein; or(c) termination of the service of a workman on the ground of continued ill-health. [Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (14 of 1947), s. 2 (oo)]T...
Sale of Goods Act, 1893
Sale of Goods Act, 1893 (English) (56 & 57 Vict. c. 71), codifying the law of the sale of goods, in the same fashion as the law of bills of exchange, promissory notes, and cheques was codified (see CODE) by the Bills of Exchange Act, 1882, and the law of partnership by the (English) Partnership Act, 1890.The parts of the Act are:-I. Formation of the Contact, in which it is provided, amongst other things, that an infant or person by mental incapacity or drunkenness incompetentto contract must pay a reasonable price for 'necessaries' sold and delivered to him; that (re-enacting a part of the Statute of Frauds) a contract for the sale of goods of the value of 10l. or more is not enforceable unless the buyer accept and receive part, or give something in earnest to bind the contract, or 'unless some note or memorandum in writing of the contract be made and signed by the party to be charged or his agent in that behalf'; that a contract for the sale of specific goods which have perished witho...
Secured creditor
Secured creditor, means any bank or financial institution or any consortium or group of banks or financial institutions and includes, (i) debenture trustee appointed by any bank or financial institution; or (ii) securitisation company or recon-struction company; or (iii) any other trustee holding securities on behalf of a bank or financial institution, in whose favour security interest is created for due repayment by any borrower of any financial assistance. [Securitisation and Recon-struction of Financial Assets and Enforcements of Security Interest Act, 2002 (54 of 2002), s. 2(1) (zd)]Secured creditor, means any bank or financial institution or any consortium or group of banks or financial institutions and includes--(i) debenture trustee appointed by any bank or financial institution; or(ii) securitization company or reconstruction company; or(iii) any other trustee holding securities on behalf of a bank or financial institution, in whose favour security interest is created for due r...
Speaker of the House of Commons
Speaker of the House of Commons. This great officer is the organ or spokesman of the Commons; in modern times he is more occupied in presiding over the deliberations of the House than in delivering speeches on their behalf. The principal duties of the Speaker are the following:-To preside, as Chairman of the House, at its debates when not in committee; to give a casting vote, when the votes are equal, which according to practice he gives in favour of a motion or bill (he has no original vote); to read to the sovereign petitions or addresses from the Commons, and to deliver in the royal presence, whether at the palace or in the House of Lords, such speeches as are usually made on behalf of the Commons; to reprimand persons who have incurred the displeasure of the House; to issue warrants of committal or release for breaches of privilege; and to communicate in writing with any parties, when so instructed by the House. In the case of Bills introduced under the provisions of the (English) ...
Gift
Gift. The old text-writers made a gift (donatio) a distinct species of deed, and describe it as a conveyance applicable to the creation of an estate-tail; while a feoffment they strictly confine to the creation of a fee simple estate. The operative verb was 'give,' which no longer implies any covenant in law (Real Property Act, 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 106), s. 4), replaced by the Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 59(2), and the deed required livery of seisin. It is obsolete. See Jac. Law Dict.A gift is now understood to mean a mere voluntary assurance or transfer of property without any consideration being given for it. Such a transaction is apt to be very jealously scrutinized in a Court of Equity, and will be set aside on proof of undue influence (see that title), or of a fiduciary relationship of the donee to the donor, see Huguenin v. Baseley, (1806-8) 14 Ves 273; W. & T. L.C.; Morley v. Loughman, (1893) 1 Ch 736 (757); Lyon v. Home, (1868) LR 6 Eq 655. In the absence of any such objectio...
Landlord
Landlord, he of whom land or tenements are holden; who has a right to distrain for rent in arrear, etc., Co. Litt. 57. See Foa or Woodfall on Landlord and Tenant, and also the (English) Rent and Mortgage Interest Restrictions Act, 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5, c. 17), s. 70.Includes the person who is receiving or is entitled to receive the rent of a building, whether on his own account or on behalf of another or on behalf of himself and others or as an agent, trustee, executor, administrator, receiver or guardian or who would so receive the rent or be entitled to receive the rent, Raval and Co. v. K.G. Ramachandran, AIR 1974 SC 818: (1974) 1 SCC 424: (1974) 2 SCR 629.Mean a person who is the owner of the building and who has a right to remain in occupation and actual possession of the building to the exclusion of everyone else. It is such a person who can seek to evict the tenant on the ground that he requires possession in good faith for his own occupation, M.M. Quasim v. Manohar Lal Sharma, ...
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