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Right
an averment of entitlement arising out of legal rules, Shanti Kumar R. Chanji v. Home Insurance Co. of New York, AIR 1974 SC 1719 (1722): (1974) 2 SCC 387: (1975) 1 SCR 550. In a strict sense, … AIR 1977 SC 1361: (1977) 3 SCC 592: (1978) 1 SCR 1. The word 'right' is used in Article 131 in this generic sense. For example, the State claims to be entitled to legislate exclusively on all
Election
Jardine, (1882) 7 App Cas 345, the House of Lords held that a customer could not sue a new firm after having elected to sue a retiring partner. Electio semel facta et placitum testatum non patitur regressum. … 272. Preparation and revision of electoral rolls is not a part of the 'election' within the meaning of Article 329(b), Lakshmi Charan Sen v. A.K.M. Hassan Uzzaman, (1985) 4 SCC 689: AIR 1985 SC 1233: (1985) Supp
Transfer
headquarter station in which he is employed to another such station, to take up the duties of a new post or in consequences of a change of his headquarter, Arbind Kumar v. State of Bihar, (1996) 2 … other interest of any member in a company shall be personal estate transferable in manner provided by the Articles of the company, and under s. 63 (ibid.), a transfer of shares in or debentures of the com-pany
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Pardon
(English) Criminal Justice Act, 1827, s. 13. The effect of a pardon is to make the offender a new man (novus homo), to acquit him of all corporal penalties and forfeitures annexed to the offence pardoned, and … Court commencing on the 24th day of February, 1896, convicted on certain charges of obtaining rings and other Articles by false pretences with intent to defraud, and was sentenced to seven years penal servitude; We in consideration
Piracy
of his peers, the still unrepealed Offences at Sea Act, 1536 (28 Hen. 8, c. 15), established a new jurisdiction for this purpose, which proceeds according to the course of the Common Law. By the (English) Piracy … 4, provides for the trial and punishment of persons who violate any of the rules set forth in Article 1 of Sch. II. of the Act as if for an act of piracy. These rules prohibit (a)
Penalty
the offending party: the essence of liquidated damages is a genuine covenanted pre-estimate of loss, Dunlop Co. v. New Garage Co., 1915 AC 79; approved in Widnes Foundry (1925) Ltd. v. Cellulose Acetate Co. Ltd., (1931) 2 … it is not being recovered pursuant to an order finding the person concerned guilty of a crime. In Article 20(1) the expression 'penalty' is used in the narrow sense as meaning a payment which has to be
Judgment
has been a determination of any right or liability, Shanti Kumar R. Canji v. Home Insurance Co. of New York, AIR 1974 SC 1719 (1722): (1974) 2 SCC 387: (1975) 1 SCR 550. [Letters Patent (Bom), Cl. … party concerned, Gurmauj Saran Baluja v. Joyce C. Salim, AIR 1990 Del 13. That the word 'judgment' in Article 133 has been used in the sense of a decision finally determining the rights of the parties in
Appeal
22), which gives the House of Lords power to refuse these appeals. See CRIMINAL APPEAL; CROWN CASES RESERVED; NEW TRIAL; PRIZE Court; PRIVY COUNCIL. An appeal is essentially continuation of the original proceedings and the provisions applied … involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India. [Constitution of India Article 132(1) and (2)] However, the Supreme Court has the discretion to grant special leave to appeal from any
Occupation
profession, job, principal activity, employment, business or a calling in which an individual is engaged, Sodan Singh v. New Delh Municipal Committee, (1989) 4 SCC 155. Is defined as 'an activity in which one engages' or a … is no element of profit generation education per se, will fall under any of the four expressions in Article 19(1)(g). 'Occupation' would be an activity of a person undertaken as a means of livelihood or a mission
Estate
personal estate, although the consequences of that division have lost much of their importance since 1925, when a new system of conveyancing was introduced by the Real Property legislation of that year. (English) L.P. Act, 1925, s. … Severalty. (B) Joint-tenancy. (C) Coparceny. (D) Tenancy in common. (E) Entireties. 2. Bl. Com. cc. vii.-xii. According to article 31-A(2)-- (a) the expression 'estate' shall, in relation to any local area, have the same meaning as that
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