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Lloyd's Register

Lloyd's Register, the abbreviated title of 'Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping,' published annually by Lloyd's Registry. The register contains an alphabetical list of all British ships, and such foreign ships as are classed in the Register, classified according to type, materials, state of repair, etc., the classification being indicated by letters and numerals. Ships intended for classification are built under the inspection of Lloyd's surveyors or in accordance with rules published by the Registry....


A1

A1. An expression signifying a first-class vessel excellently built, Shipping term. See LLOYD'S REGISTER....


Dearle v. Hall

Dearle v. Hall. The rule which takes its name from this case, reported 1823, 3 Russ. 1, originated with the bankruptcy rule conferring the priority of assignments of choses in action according to the date of notice to the debtor by the assignment, Ryall v. Rowles, 1 Ves Sess 348. Before 1926 the rule was that the priority of equitable assignments of debts and other choses in action was determined by priority in date of notice to the trustees or other owners of the legal interest in the property assigned, see Ward v. Duncombe, 1893 AC 369. The rule did not extend to equitable interests in land except to proceeds of land held on trust for sale, see Lloyd's Bank v. Pearson, (1901) 1 Ch 685, and QUI PRIOR EST TEMPORE POTIOR EST JURE. S. 137 of the Law of Property Act, 1925, has extended the rule to dealings with equitable interests in land, capital money (see s. 205(1)(xxvi.) of the Act), and securities representing capital money effected after 1925. To effect priority among competing assi...


Estoppel

Estoppel, a conclusive admission, which cannot be denied. It is of three kinds:-(1) By matter of record, which imports such absolute and incontrovertible verity, that no person against whom it is producible shall be permitted to aver against it. A record concludes the parties thereto, and their privies, whether in blood, in law, or by estate, upon the point adjudged, but not upon any matter collateral or adjudged by inference, A judgment in an action in rem is absolutely binding upon all the world.A conviction on the same facts is no estoppel in a civil action because the parties are not the same, Palace Shipping Co. v. Caine, 1907 AC 386.(2) By deed. No person can be allowed to dispute his own solemn deed, which is therefore conclusive against him, and those claiming under him, even as to the facts recited in it. The general rule is that an indenture estops all who are parties to it, while a deed-poll only estops the party who executesit, since it is his sole language and act, Shep. T...


National insurance

National insurance. The (English) National Insur-ance Act, 1911 (1 & 2 Geo. 5, c. 55), introduced by Mr. Lloyd George, established a wide system of compulsory state insurance covering both ill-health and unemployment, which is based upon premiums contributed in part by the employer, in part by the employee, and in part by the State. The Act consisted of three parts, the first dealing with National Health Insurance, the second with Unemployment Insurance, and the third contained miscellaneous provisions. This Act remained the basis of National Health Insurance, although the subject of very extensive amendment, until the National Health Insurance Act, 1924, consolidated the law. The law has been consolidated again by the (English) National Health Insurance Act, 1936 (26 Geo. 5, and 1 Edw. 8, c. 32), amends and repeals the whole of the Acts passed in 1920, 1922, 1924 and 1928. The arrangement is as follows:-Part I. Insured Persons and Contributions.Part II. Benefits.Part III. Approved Soc...


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