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Laundry. By s. 1 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1907 (7 Edw. 7, c.39), there are included in the list of non-textile factories and workshops within the meaning of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901 (1 Edw. 7,c. 22):-(29) Laundries carried on by way of trade or for the purpose of gain, or carried on as ancillary to another business or incidentally to be purposes of any public institution.The Act further controls the period of employment of women in laundries (s. 2) and also contains other regulations (ss. 3 and 4) for their proper management.Sending infected articles which have not been properly disinfected or without proper notice to laundries, private or public, is prohibited by Public Health Act,1936, s. 152....
Delegated legislation
Delegated legislation, Delegated Legislation has been defined by Salmond as 'that which proceeds from any authority other than the sovereign power and is therefore dependent for its continued exis-tence and validity on some superior or supreme authority'. (See: Salmond, Jurisprudence, 12th Edn., page 116), Agricultural Marks Committees v. Shalimar Chemical Works, AIR 1997 SC 2502 (2506): (1997) 5 SCC 516.Most of the delegated legislation is called statutory instruments, they are to be laid before Parliament and are subject to approval or disapproval by either House; Parliamentary Practice, Erskine May, 22nd Edn., 1997, p. 576.In England, the practice of delegating legislative power increased tremendously after the Reform Bill of 1872 and reforms in Local Government, the first world was caused a further rapid rise in delegated legislation, The Office of the Speaker in the Parliaments of Commonwealth, by Wilding and Philip Laundry, p. 200.The Parliament lays down the principles of law an...
Adjournment Motion
Adjournment Motion, means a motion for discussing 'a specific and important matter that should have urgent consideration'. Wilding and Laundry, the Office of the Speaker in Parliament of Commonwealth, p. 247. 'Adjourn motion' is a motion which can be moved by any member of the House and is in the nature of emergency motion of censure upon the government. Wilding and Laundry -- The Office of the Speaker in Parliament of Commonwealth, p. 9.The object is to draw the attention of the Govern-ment to a matter of urgent public importance so as to criticize the decision of Government in an urgent matter in regard to which a motion or resolution with proper notice will be too late. Kaul and Shakdher -- Practice and Procedure of Parliament, 5th Edn., 2001, p. 496.If the Speaker gives his consent after satisfying himself that the matter to be raised is definite urgent and of public importance and holds that the matter proposed to be discussed is in order, he shall call the member concerned who sh...
Joint sitting
Joint sitting, is a joint sitting of both Houses of a bicameral legislature for setting a disagreement, Office of the Speaker in the Parliaments of Commonwealth, Wilding and Philip Laundry, p. 412.In U.K., there is no provision for joint session of the House of Commons and the House of Lords. In Australia, a joint meeting of both Houses of Parliament is held for the purpose of settling a disagreement between them or where it is necessary that a majority of both Houses sitting together should be obtained before changes can be made to the Constitution or certain types of legislation passed, Office of the Speaker in the Parliaments of Commonwealth, Wilding and Philip Laundry, p. 412....
Chief whip
Chief whip, in the Indian Parliament the chief whip of the Government party in Lok Sabha is the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs; he directly responsible to the leader of the House and advisers the Government on Parliamentary business. He ensures quorum in the House and advices the Government on Parliamentary business. He ensures quorum in the House and that adequate number of members of the party are present at the time of voting and sends advance intimation through the familiar system of ordinary one, two and three line whips. He selects the speakers from his party and also the members for select committees etc. In the Rajya Sabha, the Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs holds the position of Chief Whip of the Government party. Practice and Procedure of Parliament, M.N. Kaul and S.L. Sakdhar, 5th Edn., 2001, p. 148.The Government whip performs the most important duties, he is officially designated as Parliamentary secretary to the Treasury and his main work is the organizati...
Factory
Factory, a place where a number of traders reside in a foreign country for the convenience of trade; also a building in which goods are manufactured.In the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, 'Factory' means by s. 149 'textile factory and non-textile factory, or either of those descriptions of factories.'The expression 'textile factory' means any premises wherein or within the close or curtilage of which steam, water or other mechanical power is used to move or work any machinery employed in preparing, manufacturing or finishing or in any process incident to the manufacture of cotton, wool, hair, silk, flax, hemp, jute, tow, china-grass, cocoanut fibre or other like material, either separately or mixed together or mixed with any other material, or any fabric made thereof:Provided that print works, bleaching and dyeing works, lace warehouses, paper mills, flax scutch mills, rope works and hat works shall not be deemed to be textiles factories.'Tenement factory' means a factory when mechanic...
Legislature
Legislature, is the body of persons in a State authorised to make, alter and repeal laws. It may consist of one or two Houses with similar or different powers, Office of the Speaker in the Parliaments of Commonwealth Wilding and Philip Laundry, p. 429.Union legislature is known as Parliament which consists of the two houses and President, Constitution of India, Art. 79.State legislature consists of one or two Houses and Governor, Constitution of India, Art. 168.Legislature, the power that makes laws. See PARLIAMENT.The word 'legislature' in the first part of Art. 252(1) of Constitution, in the context in which it appears, cannot mean the three component parts of the State legislature contemplated by Art. 168, but only the House or Houses of Legislature, as the case may be, i.e., excluding the Governor. There is a clear distinction between 'an Act of legislature','a legislature act' and a 'a resolution of the House', Union of India v. Valluri Basavaiah Chowdhary, AIR 1979 SC 1415: (1979...
Guillotine
Guillotine, is an instrument for beheading, Webster's American Dictionary, p. 849.Is a method of preventing obstruction by fixing times at which parts of Bill must be voted on, The Concise Oxford Dictionary, H.W. Fowler and F.G. Fowler, p. 548.Is the most drastic method of curtailing debate in a legislature, Parliamentary Practice, Erskine May, 22nd Edn., 1997, p. 410.In the House of commons, guillotine can be applied only after passing a motion for the purpose in the House. It is applied to the various stages of Bills and in designed to expedite their passage by means of a time table allotting a certain number of days to the different stages of the Bill and at the end of the allotted time the question under consideration is put without any further debate, The Office of the Speaker in the Parliaments of Commonwealth, Wilding and Philips Laundry, p. 335.Which is a colloquial term, is technically known as 'allocation of time orders', Parliamentary Dictionary, L.A. Abraham and SC. Hawtrey...
Hybrid Bill
Hybrid Bill, in U.K. such Bills are subject to a special procedure during their passage through Parlia-ment. Standing order relating to private business are applicable to Hybrid Bills, the Office of the Speaker in the Parliaments of Commonwealth, Philip Laundry, p. 374.Are public Bills which may in certain respects affect private interest, Parliamentary Practice, Erskine May, 22nd Edn., 1997, p. 554....
Independent member
Independent member, in India, a member elected as such to a Legislative House otherwise than as a candidate set up by any political party, Constitution of India, 10th Sch., para 2(2).Is a person not an adherent of any political party, Webster American Dictionary, p. 970.Is a member of Parliament who acknowledges no allegiance to any political party; in U.K. 'indepen-dent' at one time meant independent of the king; during the 18th century, meant independent of the government able to vote as he pleased and is only governed by his conscience as to the regularity of his attendance in the House, the Office of the Speaker in the Parliaments of Commonwealth, Wilding and Philip Laundry, p. 377....
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