Lactam - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: lactamCephalosporin
any of a class of chemical substances some of which have therapeutically useful antibacterial activity whose structure contains a beta lactam ring fused to a six membered ring containing a sulfur and a nitrogen atom The first of the series cephalosporin C was discovered by G Brotzu in 1955 in the culture broth of a Cephalosporium species found off the coast of Sardinia Other cephalosporins have been found to be produced by species of soil bacteria actinomycetes Many semisynthetic analogs have been tested for antibacterial effect and several of them have found use as important clinically useful antibacterial agents some of which may be taken orally for treatment of bacterial infections The cephalosporins are the second class of beta lactam antibiotic to be discovered the first being the penicillins and more recent classes being the thienamycins and sulfazecins The cephamycins are a variant of cephalosporins with a methoxyl group on the beta lactam ring rendering them more resistant to p...
Lactim
One of a series of anhydrides resembling the lactams but of an imido type as isatine is a lactim Cf Lactam...
penicillin
Any of a variety of substances having a structure containing a beta lactam ring fused to a thiirane ring to which a carboxyl group is attached but most commonly interpreted as benzyl penicillin They are notable as powerful antibacterial agents of relatively low toxicity which have found extensive use in medicine for treating bacterial infections They are categorized as one of the classes of beta lactam antibiotic They are produced naturally by some fungi and bacteria and industrial production processes almost invariably start from some form of the penicillin nucleus produced by fermentation of microorganisms The fermentation products are then chemically modified to produce derivatives of enhanced potency safety or antibacterial spectrum The first penicillin to see extensive use clinically during World War II was penicillin G also called benzypenicillin and commonly simply ldquopenicillinrdquo...
Lactam
One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type analogous to the lactones as oxindol a cyclic amide...
Lactamic
Pertaining to or designating an amido acid related to lactic acid and called also amido propionic acid...
Oxindol
A white crystalline nitrogenous substance C8H7NO of the indol group obtained by the reduction of dioxindol It is a so called lactam compound...
Penicillinase
An enzyme which destroys the antibacterial activity of penicillin by hydrolyzing the amide bond in the beta lactam ring Many penicillinases are known and are produced by a wide variety of bacteria The production of penicillinase is one of the mechanisms by which bacteria may become resistant to penicillins Penicillinase production in various bacterial species may be induced ie it may occur only when stimulated by the presence of penicillin in the culture medium or it may be constitutive ie it may occur whenever the cells are producing protein Molecular weights of the various penicillinases tend to cluster near 50000...
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