Finding And Direction - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: finding and direction Page 1 of about 34 results (0.004 seconds)Finding and direction
Finding and direction, The expression 'finding' and 'direction' are limited in meaning A finding given in an appeal, revision or reference arising out of an assessment must be a finding necessary for the disposal of the particular case, that it to say, in respect of the particular assessee and in relation to the particular assessment year. To be a necessary finding, it must be directly involved in the disposal of the case, Rajinder Nath v. C.I.T., AIR 1979 SC 1933 (1934): (1979) 4 SCC 282: (1980) 1 SCR 272. [Income Tax Act, 1961, s. 153(3)(ii)]...
Ratio decidendi
Ratio decidendi, is the rule deducible from the application of law of the facts and circumstances of a case which constitutes its ratio decidendi and not some conclusion based upon facts which may appear to be similar. One additional or different fact can make a world of difference between conclusions in two cases even when the same principles are applied in each case to similar facts, Regional Manager v. Pawan Kumar Dubey, AIR 1976 SC 1766: (1976) 3 SCC 334; Jahangir Khan v. State of Bihar, (1998) 1 Pat LJR 912 (Pat).Ratio decidendi, the ground of a judicial decision. The general reasons or principles of a judicial decision, as abstracted from any peculiarities of the case, are commonly styled, by writers on jurisprudence, the ratio decidendi, Austin's Jurisprudence, p. 648.Every decision contains three basic ingredients: (i) findings of material facts, direct and inferential. An inferential finding of facts is the inference which the Judge draws from the direct, or perceptible facts;...
verdict
verdict [alteration (partly conformed to Medieval Latin veredictum) of Anglo-French veirdit statement, finding, verdict, from Old French veir true (from Latin verus) + dit saying, from Latin dictum] 1 : the usually unanimous finding or decision of a jury on one or more matters (as counts of an indictment or complaint) submitted to it in trial that ordinarily in civil actions is for the plaintiff or for the defendant and in criminal actions is guilty or not guilty compare judgment compromise verdict : a verdict produced not by sincere unanimous agreement on guilt or liability but by an improper surrender of individual convictions ;specif : an impermissible verdict by a jury that is unable to agree on liability and so compromises on an award of damages that is less than what it should be if the plaintiff has a right of recovery free from any doubts di·rect·ed verdict 1 : a verdict granted by the court when the party with the burden of proof has failed to present sufficie...
Direction to consider the case
Direction to consider the case, in case where High Court merely directs the authority to 'consider' the matter without recording any finding or without expressing any view, the authority has to consider the matter in accordance with law and in facts and circumstance of case as its power not being circumscribed by any observations or finding of court; A.P.S.R.T.C. v. G. Srinivas Reddy, AIR 2006 SC 1465 (Constitution of India, Art. 226)....
Nonsuit
Nonsuit [non est prosecutus, Lat.]. The judge orders a nonsuit when the plaintiff fails to make out a legal cause of action or fails to support his pleadings by any evidence; whether the evidence which he gives can be considered any evidence at all of a cause of action is a question of law for the judge. By the former practice a plaintiff after a nonsuit might, on paying all costs, recommence his action; by the Rules of 1875 any judgment of nonsuit, unless the court or a judge should otherwise direct, had the same effect as judgment upon the merits for the defendant (English) Jud. Act, 1875, Ord. XLI., r. 6]; but this rule has been rescinded, and it is not reproduced. A plaintiff cannot now elect to be nonsuited, and if he offers no evidence it is the duty of the court to direct the jury to find a verdict for the defendant, and the usual consequences of such verdict will follow, Fox v. Star Newspaper Co., 1900 AC 19; but a judge cannot order a nonsuit on plaintiff's opening without the...
Reasonableness and in public interest
Reasonableness and in public interest, the integra-tion of Articles 14, 19 and 21 analysed by this Court in Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, (1978) 2 SCR 621: (1978) 1 SCC 248, clearly demonstrates that the requirements of reasonableness runs like a golden thread through the entire fabric of fundamental rights and, as several decisions of this court show, this concept of reasonableness finds its positive manifestation and expression in the lofty ideal of social and economic justice which inspires and animates the directive principles. It has been laid down by this court in E. P. Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu, (1974) 2 SCR 348: (1974) 4 SCC 3) and Maneka Gandhi case, (1978) 2 SCR 621: (1978) 1 SCC 248 that Article 14 strikes at arbitrariness in State action and since the principle of reasonableness and rationality, which is legally as well as philoso-phically an essential element of equality or non-arbitrariness, is projected by this Article, it must characterise every governmental act...
Wireless telegraphy
Wireless telegraphy, defined in the Wireless Telegraphy Acts, 1904 (4 Edw. 7, c. 24), s. 7, and 1925 (15 & 16 Geo.5, c. 67), s. 1, as meaning 'any system of communication by telegraph as defined in the Telegraph Acts, 1863 to 1904, without the aid of any wire connecting the points from and at which the messages or other communications are sent and received,' it being also provided that nothing in the Act shall prevent any person from making or using electrical apparatus for actuating machinery or for any purpose other than the transmission, including the reception as well as the sending, of messages. The Act of 1924 prohibits the establishment of any wireless telegraph station, or the establishment or working of any apparatus for wireless telegraphy, in any place or onboard any British ship, except under and in accordance with a licence granted in that behalf by the Postmaster-General. Search-warrants may be issued by order of the Postmaster-General, the Admiralty, Army Council, Air Co...
Unpaid seller
Unpaid seller, (1) the seller of goods is deemed to be an 'unpaid' seller with the meaning of this Act:(a) when the whole of the price has not been paid or delivered;(b) when a bill of exchange or other negotiable ins-trument has been received as conditional payment, and the condition on which it was received has not been fulfilled by reason of the dishonour of the instrument or otherwise.(2) In this Chapter, the term 'seller' includes any person who is in the position of a seller, as, for instance, an agent of the seller to whom the bill of finding has been endorsed, or a consignor or agent who has himself paid, is or directly responsible for, the price. [Sale of Goods Act, 1930 (30 of 1930), s. 45]...
Accomplice
Accomplice [fr. complice, Fr., complex, Lat., bound up with one in a project, but always in a bad sense], one concerned with another or others in the commission of a crime, Hawk. P.C. 87. An accomplice could always be called to give evidence, and by virtue of (English) Lord Denman's Act, 1843 (6 & 7 Vict. C. 85), s. 1, even though convicted, and now by virtue of the Criminal Evidence Act, 1898 (61 & 62 Vict. C. 36), s. 1, he can with his consent be called for the defence, but should he give evidence tending to incriminate his co-prisoner, such co-prisoner may cross-examine him, R. v. Hadwen, 1902 (1) KB 882; see also R. v. Rowland, 1910 (1) KB 458; R. v. Paul, 1920 (2) KB 183). See APPROVER.The word 'accomplice' has not been defined by the Evidence Act and it is generally understood that an accomplice means a guilty associate or partner in crime. An accomplice by becoming an approver becomes a prosecution witness, M. Shamsudhin v. State of Kerala, (1999) 3 SCC 351 (357): 1995 SCC (Cri)...
Declaration
Declaration, a proclamation or affirmation, open expression or publication.A statement on the plaintiff's part of his cause of action, following after service of the writ of summons; abolished in 1875 by the (English) Judicature Acts, which substituted a statement of claim. See STATEMENT OF CLAIM.A mere determination or a finding or order that a person/family unit holds land less than the ceiling limit is not a 'declaration' and, therefore, not appealable, Ganpatrao Gulabrao Pawar v. State of Maharashtra, 1993 Supp (1) SCC 87: AIR 1992 SC 1183 (1187). [Maharashtra Agricultural Lands (Ceiling on Holdings) Act, 1961, s. 45(2) Proviso and 21& 33]A declaration which is inadmissible merely upon the ground of some informality, is a declaration within the meaning of sections 199 and 200. Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860), s. 200, Expl.It is a statement of material facts, if may constitute a formal announcement or a deliberate statement. A declaration must be announced solemnly or officially. It ...
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