Damage - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: damageDamage
Damage, Any loss, whether actionable as an injury or not. See DAMNUM ABSQUE INJURIA.The expression 'damage' is not necessarily confined to physical damage. Ordinarily damage is caused by physical contact of the ship, such as in collision. But damage can also be caused to property by breach of contract or acts of commission or omission on the part of the carrier or his agents or servants by reason of the negligent operation and management of the vessel, as, for example, when cargo is damaged by exposure to weather or by negligent stowage, or, by the misconduct of those in charge of the ship, like when cargo is disposed of contrary to the instructions of the owner or by reason of theft and other misdeeds. In all these cases, damage arises by reason of loss caused by what is done by the ship or by the breach, negligence or misdeeds of those in charge of the ship. It must however be noticed that the expression 'damage done by any ship' has been construed by the English Courts as not to app...
Damage feasant or faisant
Damage feasant or faisant (doing damage). If a stranger's beasts (including domestic fowls) are found on another person's land without his leave or license, and without the fault of the possessor of the close (which may happen from his not repairing his fences), and there doing damage by feeding, or otherwise, to the grass, corn, wood, etc., the person damaged may distrain and impound them, as well by night as in the day, lest the beasts escape before taken; but they cannot be sold for the damage done; nor is there any privilege from the distress. The distress may be made of things inanimate, see Ambergate, etc., Ry. Co. v. Midland Ry. Co., (1853) 23 LJ QB 17, where a locomotive engine was distrained damage feasant. By the (English) Pound-Breach Act, 1843 (6 & 7 Vict. c. 30), any person releasing, or attempting to release, cattle lawfully seized by way of such distress from the pound is, on conviction before two justices of the peace, liable to a penalty not exceeding 5l.; and by the (...
Measure of damage
Measure of damage, the test which determines the amount of damages to the given. The general rule in English law is that in contract the measure of damage is the actual loss to the plaintiff, and in tort the compensation to the plaintiff for the loss or damage which it may be supposed be has suffered directly as a natural consequence of the act complained of. The exception is those ases where vindictive or exemplary damages can be given, e.g., libel, slander, violence, malice, cruelty, or breach of promise of marriage. The actual loss cannot always be recovered, as the whole or a portion of the loss may be too remote to be the natural and probable consequence of that which constitutes the cause of action, and this will most frequently occur in actions of tort. Though unable to prove actual loss, a plaintiff may sometimes be entitled to nominal damages, e.g., breach of an agreement to lend money. In actions of contract, the market-price of the subject-matter at the date the contract is ...
Workmen's Compensation Act
Workmen's Compensation Act. (English) The Workmen's Compensation Act, 1897, introduced the principle of compulsory insurance of workmen by employers in a restricted number of trades. The gist of a right to compensation under the Acts is 'accident arising out of and in the course of the employment' causing personal injury to a workman (Workmen's Compensation Act, 1925 [15 & 16 Geo. 5, c. 84), s. 1 (1)] The compensation is not damages for negligence or any other tort at common law or by statute (see COMPBELL (LORD) ACTS (Fatal Accidents Acts, 1846-1908) and Employers Liability Act, 1880, sub tit. MASTER AND SERVANT), and an employer is not liable both for damages and compensation; but the workman or his representatives may elect between the remedies, and in an unsuccessful action for damages the Court may assess or refer the question of compensation to the proper tribunal, subject to an equitable order for costs (Workmen's Compensation Act, 1925, s. 25). Compensation is not payable for a...
Compensation
Compensation, according to dictionary it means, 'compensating or being compensated; thing given as recompense;'. In legal sense it may constitute actual loss or expected loss and may extend to physical mental or even emotional suffering, insult or injury or loss, Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Balbir Singh, (2004) 5 SCC 65 (75): AIR 2004 SC 2141.--Making things equivalent, satisfying or making amends, a reward for the apprehension of criminals; also that equivalent in money which is paid to the owners and occupiers of lands taken or injuriously affected for public purposes and under Act of Parliament, e.g., the (English) Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 18), but where the land is acquired compulsorily by a Government Department or any local or Public Authority the compensation is regulated by the (English) Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919 (9 & 10 Geo. 5, c. 57) and Rules of 1919, and see Housing Act, 1936, ss. 40 and 42 and Schedules, ...
Nominal damage
Nominal damage, 'nominal damage' is a technical phrase which means that the Court has negatived anything like real damage, but is affirming that there is an infraction of a legal right, Indian Hume Pipe Co. Ltd. v. Vendra Venkanna Proprietor of Jai Bharathi Cement Works, AIR 1963 AP 58.Nominal damages. See DAMGES....
Riot Damages Act, 1886
Riot Damages Act, 1886 (English) (49 &50 Vict. c. 38), providing compensation, out of the police rate, to any person sustaining damage by riot. From very early times (see the repealed acts scheduled to 7 & 8 Geo. 4, c. 27) compensation of some kind for damage by riot was recoverable from 'hundredors' (see HUNDREDORS), and the consolidating Act (7 & 8 Geo. 4, c. 31), regulated the procedure for obtaining the compensation, limiting the title to recover to cases where there had been a felonious demolition of property, and giving no compensa-tion for property stolen. A serious riot occurring in the metropolis on February 8th, 1886, and disclosing insufficiency in the law of compensation led very quickly to the Metropolitan Police Compensation Act, 1886 (49 & 50 Vict. c. 11), applicable to the metropolis only and retrospective, and shortly afterwards to the general Riot Damages Act, 1886, by which (1) the police district is substituted for the hundred as the area liable to compensation; (2)...
Exemplary damages
Exemplary damages, damages on an unsparing scale, given in respect of tortious acts, committed through malice or other circumstances of aggravation. In Belt. v. Lawes, (1884) 2 QBD 356, an action by a sculptor for libellously styling him an impostor, the jury awarded 5,000l. damages, and a rule for a new trial on the ground (amongst others) of excessive damages was discharged by the High Court. The Court of Appeal affirmed this judgment, but laid it down that the Court had power to refuse a new trial on the plaintiff alone, and without the defendant consenting to the damages being reduced to such an amount as the Court would not consider excessive had they been given by the jury.Where a cause of action survives against or for the benefit of a deceased person's estate, the damages recoverable shall not include any exemplary damages. [(English) Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1934 (24 & 25 Geo. 5, c. 41)]...
Damaged and lost
Damaged and lost, The word 'damaged' in the collocation of the words 'lost or damaged' appearing in the proviso to sub-s. (2C) of s. 13 of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act,1954 in relation to the part of the sample sent by the court to the Director of the Central Food Laboratory must, in the context, mean 'damaged due to any cause, including decomposition'. The word 'damaged' in the collocation of the words 'lost or damaged' occurring in sub-s. (2) of s. 11 and in the proviso to sub-s. (2C) of s. 13 must be construed in furtherance of the object and purpose of inserting these provisions. The whole purpose of depositing two parts of the sample with the Local (Health) Authority is that if one of the parts of the sample is lost or damaged for any reason whatever, the remaining part may still be available for analysis, Charanji Lal v. State of Punjab, (1984) 1 SCC 329: AIR 1984 SC 80 (85): (1984) 1 SCR 513. [Prevention of Food Adulteration Act (37 of 1954), ss. 11 (2) and 13 (2C) Pr...
Stipulated damage
Stipulated damage, liquidated damage, which see....
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