Citizen - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: citizenBritish citizen
British citizen, does not require leave to enter. However, a British citizen must prove that he has the right of abode by producing either a United Kingdom passport describing him as a British citizen or as a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies having the right of the abode in the United Kingdom, or a certificate of entitlement duly issued by or on behalf of the Government certifying that he has such a right of abode. A commonwealth citizen who is not a British citizen but has the right of abode, does not require leave to enter, although he must prove such a right by means of a certificate of entitlement duly issued by or on behalf of the Government. Any person other than a British Citizen or a commonwealth citizen having the right of abode requires leave to enter, Halsbury's Laws of England, Vol. 4(2), 4th Edn., Para 74....
Equality of opportunity for all citizens
Equality of opportunity for all citizens, Clause (1) of Article 16 clearly provides for equality of opportunity to all citizens in the services under the State. It is important to note that the Constitution uses the words 'equality of opportunity for all citizens.' This inherently implies that the opportunity must be given not only to a particular section of the society or a particular class of citizens who may be advanced or otherwise more affluent but to all classes of citizens. This, therefore, can be achieved by making a reasonable classification so that every class of citizens is duly represented in the services which will enable equality of opportu-nity to all citizens. The classification, however, must be a reasonable one and must fulfil the following conditions:(i) it must have a rational basis;(ii) it must have a close nexus with the object sought to be achieved;(iii) it should not select any person for hostile discrimination at the cost of others, State of Kerala v. N.M. Thom...
citizen
citizen [Anglo-French citezein, alteration of Old French citeien, from cité city] 1 : a native or naturalized individual who owes allegiance to a government (as of a state or nation) and is entitled to the enjoyment of governmental protection and to the exercise of civil rights see also Scott v. Sandford in the Important Cases section amendment xiv to the Constitution in the back matter compare resident NOTE: Under the Fourteenth Amendment, “all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.” A person born outside of the U.S. to parents who were born or naturalized in the U.S. is also a citizen of the U.S. A corporation is not considered a citizen for purposes of the privileges and immunities clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. A corporation is, however, deemed a citizen of the state in which it is incorporated or has its principal place of business f...
Citizen
Citizen, in relation to a country specified in the first Schedule, means a person who under the citizenship or nationality law for the time being in force in that country, is a citizen or national of that country. [Citizenship Act, 1955 (57 of 1955), s. 2 (1) (b)]Citizen, the citizenship of a person can be terminated under the relevant law, [Citizenship Act, 1955, s. 9]Is a person who is either born within the State or born of parents who are citizens or one who has acquired the status of citizen by application of the laws of the State providing for the naturalization of persons born in another State, Dictionary of Political Science, Joseph Dunner, 1965, p. 95.The modes of acquisition of Indian citizenship are (a) Birth, (b) Descent, (c) Registration, (d) Naturalisation, (e) Incorporation of territory, and (f) Certificate in case of doubt, Commentary on Constitution of India, Durga Das Basu, 6th Edn., Vol. 1, p. 111.Is a member, native or naturalised, of a State, the Concise Oxford Dic...
Backward class of citizens
Backward class of citizens, the expression 'backward class of citizens' in Article 16(4) means the same thing as the expression 'any socially and educationally backward class of citizens' in Article 16(4). In order to qualify for being called a 'backward class citizen' he must be a member of a socially and educationally backward class. It is social and educational backwardness of a class which is material for the purposes of both Articles 15(4) and 16(4), Janki Prasad Parimoo v. State of Jammu & Kashmir, (1973) 1 SCC 420 (433): AIR 1973 SC 930: (1973) 3 SCR 236....
Classes of citizens
Classes of citizens, The expression 'classes of citizens' indicates a homogeneous s. of the people who are grouped together because of certain likenesses and common traits and who are identifiable by some common attributes. The homogeneity of the class of citizens is social and educational backwardness. neither caste nor religion nor place of birth will be the uniform element of common attributes to make them a class of citizens, State of Uttar Pradesh v. Pradip Tandon, (1975) 2 SCR 761 (567): AIR 1975 SC 563 (567); (1975) 1 SCC 267. [Constitution of India, Art. 15(4)]...
citizen informant
citizen informant : an informant who is motivated to assist law enforcement officers by good citizenship as distinguished from one seeking some gain (as payment or concessions from police) called also citizen informer NOTE: The information given by a citizen informant is presumed under the law to be reliable. ...
citizen suit
citizen suit : a suit brought by citizens under a provision of an environmental law (as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) that gives citizens a private right of action against violators of the law and authorizes the court to award injunctive relief and sometimes to impose penalties ...
Citizen of India
Citizen of India, when once a person is admitted or held to be a citizen of India, unless there is a decision of the Central Government under s. 9(2) of the Citizenship Act, 1955 that he has acquired the citizenship of a foreign country, he should be presumed to be an Indian citizen. S. 9 of the Citizenship Act, 1955 is a complete code as regards the termination of Indian citizenship on the acquisition of the citizenship of a foreign country, Bhagwati Prasad Dixit 'Ghorewala' v. Rajeev Ghandhi (1986) 2 SCR 823: (1986) 4 SCC 78: AIR 1986 SC 1534 (1539). [Citizenship Act, 1955, s. 9(2)]...
fiance(e)s of u.s. citizen
fiance(e)s of u.s. citizen A nonimmigrant alien coming to the United States to conclude a valid marriage with a U.S. citizen within ninety days after entry. Source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services ...
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