2000 8scc710 - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: 2000 8scc710Controller
Controller [fr. Controle, Fr., the copy of a roll of accounts], an overseer or officer appointed to examine and verify the accounts of other officers, also Controller under Patents Act, 1911.Means the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks referred to in s. 73. [Patents Act, 1970 (39 of 1970), s. 2 (1) (b)]Means the Controller of Certifying Authorities appointed under sub-s. (l) of s. 17. [Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000), s. 2 (1) (m)]Means the Controller-General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks referred to in s. 3. [Designs Act, 2000 (16 of 2000), s. 2 (b)]Means the person appointed by the State Government to give effect to the provisions of this Act and includes every Additional, Deputy or Assistant Controller who may be authorised by the Controller under sub-s. (3) of s. 5 to exercise any power under this Act. [Dangerous Machines (Regulation) Act, 1983 (35 of 1983), s. 3 (b)]...
Landing charges
Landing charges, are the expenditure incurred by an importer for bringing goods on board ship to land. Landing charges, in law, must be assessed on actuals, but, as a matter of practice, particularly to facilitate expenditure clearance. Landing charges are assessed at a percentage of the value of the goods and such assessment is accepted. When so assessed, landing charges cover the totality of all that an importer expends to bring imported goods to land, M/s Coromandal Fertilisers Ltd. v. Collection of Customs, AIR 2000 SC 606.Are exactly what the words mean, the expenditure incurred by an importer for bringing goods on board ship to land. Landing charges, in law, must be assessed on actuals, but, as a matter of practice, particularly to facilitate expeditious clearance, landing charges are assessed at a percentage of the value of the goods and such assessment is accepted. When so assessed, landing charges cover the totality of all that an importer expends to bring imported goods to la...
Wilful default
Wilful default, implies intentional or conscious violation of obligation to pay the rent due; it may also be on account of supine indifference or callous or recalcitrant conduct, J. Jermons v. Aliammal, (1999) 7 SCC 382.Means either a consciousness of negligence or breach of duty, or a recklessness in the performance of a duty, Dictionary of Law by L.B. Curzon, p. 361, Chordia Automobiles v. S. Moosa, (2000) 3 SCC 282.Wilful default means an act consciously or deliberately done with open defiance and intent not to pay the rent, Chordia Automobiles v. S. Snoosa, AIR 2000 SC 1880 (1883): (2000) 3 SCC 282.A consensus of the meaning of the words 'wilful default' appears to indicate that default in order to be wilful must be intentional, deliberate, calculated and conscious, with full knowledge of legal consequences following therefrom, S. Sundaram Pillai v. V.R. Pattabiraman, AIR 1985 SC 582 (589): (1985) 1 SCC 591.Means a deliberate and intentional default knowing full well the legal cons...
millennium bug
An error in the coding of certain computer programs which store the year component of the date as two digits assuming that the first two digits are 19 rather than as a complete number of four digits when such programs are used after January 1 2000 the date may be misinterpreted causing serious errors or total failure of the program called also year 2000 bug year 2000 problem and Y2K bug...
Cause of action
Cause of action, a cause of action is a bundle of facts which are required to be pleaded and proved for the purpose of obtaining relief claimed in the suit. For the aforementioned purpose, the material facts are required to be stated but not the evidence except in certain cases where the pleading relied on any misrepresentation, fraud, breach of trust, wilful default or undue influence, Liverpool & London S.P. & I Assocn. v. M.V. Sea Success, (2004) 9 SCC 512 (562). [Civil Procedure Code, 1908, O. 7, R. 11(9)]--It is only that court in whose jurisdiction the 'cause of action' did arise will have Jurisdiction to entertain an application either under section 9 or under section 11 of the Act (Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996); Indian Iron and Steel Company Ltd. Kolkata v. Tiwari Roadlines, Hyderabad, AIR 2006 AP 1.Means every fact which it is necessary to establish to support a right to obtain a judgment, Prem Chand Vijay Kumar v. Yashpal Singh, (2005) 4 SCC 417.Is a bundle of facts...
Collusion
Collusion [fr. collusio, Lat., fr. colludo, to unite in the same play or game, and thus to unite for the purposes of fraud or deception], an agreement or compact between two or more persons to do some act in order to prejudice a third person, or for some improper purpose. Collusion in judicial proceedings is a secret agreement between two persons that the one should institute a suit against the other, in order to obtain the decision of a judicial tribunal for some sinister purpose, and appears to be of two kinds: (1) When the facts put forward as the foundation of the sentence of the Court do not exist; (2) When they exist, but have been corruptly preconcerted for the express purpose of obtaining the sentence. In either case the judgment obtained by such collusion is a nullity. See Duchess of Kingston's case, (1776) 2 Sm. L.C. Collusion between the petitioner and either of the respondents in presenting or prosecuting a suit for dissolution of marriage is a bar to such suit by the Judic...
Counter-claim
Counter-claim, the word 'counter-claim' in s. 19(8) to (11) which is equated to a cross-suit, includes a claim if it is made in an independent suit filed earlier, Union of India, v. Abhijit Tea Co. (P.) Ltd., (2000) 7 SCC 357: AIR 2000 SC 2957 (2965). [Recovery of Debts due to Bank and Financial Institutions Act, 1993, s. 19(8) to (ii)]By (English) R.S.C. 1883, Ord. XIX., r. 3, under the (English) Judciature Act, 1873, s. 24 (3); replaced by the (English) Judicature Act, 1925, s. 39 (1) (a), subject to the provisions of Rule 15, Order XXI, (exclusion of counter-claim), a defendant in an action may set off, or set up by way of counterclaim, against the claims of the plaintiff, any right or claim, whether such set-off or counter-claim sound in damages or not, and such set-off or counterclaim shall have the same effect as across action, so as to enable the Court to pronounce a final judgment in the same action, both on the original and on the cross claim. (As amended by (English) R.S.C. N...
Court of record
Court of record, a court of record envelops all such powers whose acts and proceedings are to be enrolled in a perpetual memorial and testimony. A court of record is undoubtedly a superior court which is itself competent to determine the scope of its jurisdiction, M.M. Thomas v. State of Kerala, (2000) 1 SCC 666.In relation to any matter, means the court to which proceedings with respect to the matter are allocated or transferred, Halsbury's Laws of England, Vol. 3(2), para 747, p. 405.Members of the State judiciary below the High Court are subordinate to the High Court and the control over the district courts and court subordinate thereto is vested in it, Constitution of India, Durga Das Basu, Vol. H, 6th Edn., p. 286.Although the Supreme Court as the final appellate court, can revise the decisions of the High Court, the High Courts are not administratively subordinate to the Supreme Court, Commentary on the Constitution of India, Durga Das Basu, Vol. H, 6th Edn., p. 233.Means the cou...
Election
Election, the word 'election' means any and every act taken by the competent authority after the publication of the election notification, Manda Jaganath v. K.S. Rathnam, (2004) 7 SCC 492: AIR 2004 SC 3601 (3604).The act of selecting one or more from a greater number for an office.The exercise of his choice by a man left to his own free will to take or to do one thing or another. It is the obligation imposed upon a person to choose between two inconsistent or alternative rights or claims. Thus, in Scarf v. Jardine, (1882) 7 App Cas 345, the House of Lords held that a customer could not sue a new firm after having elected to sue a retiring partner.Electio semel facta et placitum testatum non patitur regressum. Quod semel placuit in electionibus amplius displicere non potest. Co. Litt. 146, 146 a.--(Elections once made and plea witnessed suffers not a recall. What has once pleased a man in elections cannot displease him on further consideration.) See also Re Simms, Ex p. Trustee, 1934 Ch...
Election Commission
Election Commission, 'Election Commission' means the Election Commission referred to in Article 324. [Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi Act, 1991 (1 of 1992), s. 2(d)]Means the Election Commission appointed by the President under article 324. [Representation of the People Act, 1950, s. 2 (d)]The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed only in the like manner and on the like grounds as a Judge of a Supreme Court; his conditions of service cannot be varied to his disadvantage after his appointment. An Election Commissioner or Regional Commissioner can be removed from office only on the recommendations of the Chief Election Commissioner. [Constitution of India, Art. 394(5)]Is a Constitutional body in India, created for the pur-pose of holding elections to Parliament, State Legislatures and Offices of President and Vice-President. [Constitution of India, Art. 324]Can disqualify a person for six years from voting on ground of conviction for certain offences. [Representati...
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