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Ferguson Vs. Charleston

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  • US Supreme Court
  • Mar 21, 2001

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  1. Vernonia School Dist. 47j Vs. Acton US Supreme Court · Mar 28, 1995
  2. Chandler Vs. Miller US Supreme Court · Apr 15, 1997
  3. National Collegiate Athletic Assn. Vs. Smith US Supreme Court · Jan 20, 1999
  4. Indianapolis Vs. Edmond US Supreme Court · Nov 28, 2000
  5. United States Vs. Martinez-fuerte US Supreme Court · Jul 06, 1976
    Relied / Followed
  6. United States Vs. Calandra US Supreme Court · Jan 08, 1974
  7. O'Connor Vs. Ortega US Supreme Court · Mar 31, 1987
  8. New York Vs. Burger US Supreme Court · Jun 19, 1987
  9. U.S. 67 (2001) October Term, 2000 Syllabus Ferguson Et Al. V. City
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  10. Moreover, the urine tests at issue were indisputably searches within that Amendment's meaning. Skinner v. Railway
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  11. tests fit within the closely guarded category of constitutionally permissible suspicionless searches. See Chandler v. Miller
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  12. see also Skinner, Treasury Employees v. Von
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  13. the patients are fully informed about their constitutional rights, as standards of knowing waiver require. Cf. Miranda v. Arizona
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  14. held that the ingestion of cocaine during the third trimester of pregnancy constitutes criminal child neglect. Whitner v. South
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  15. S id., at 477, the majority applied the balancing test used in Treasury Employees v. Von
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  16. terminology in O'Connor v. Ortega
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  17. U. S. 709 , 720 (1987) (plurality opinion), and Griffin v. Wisconsin
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  18. other than the normal need for law enforcement provide sufficient justification. See also Vernonia School Dist. 47J v. Acton
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  19. tests conducted by those staff members were indisputably searches within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. Skinner v. Railway
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  20. the meaning of the Fourth Amendment even though the results were not reported to the police, see, e. g., Chandler v. Miller
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  21. Skinner v. Railway
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  22. Treasury Employees v. Von
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  23. In three of those cases, we sustained drug tests for railway employees involved in train accidents, Skinner v. Railway
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  24. for United States Customs Service employees seeking promotion to certain sensitive positions, Treasury Employees v. Von
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  25. and for high school students participating in interscholastic sports, Vernonia School Dist. J, 7 J v. Acton
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  26. In the fourth case, we struck down such testing for candidates for designated state offices as unreasonable. Chandler v. Miller
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  27. resolve the legal and factual issues in the first instance, and we express no view on those issues. See, e. g., Glover v. United
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  28. from the State's general interest in law enforcement.15 This point was em- receiving needed medical care. Whalen v. Roe
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  29. U. S., at 341, n. 7. The dissent, however, relying on Griffin v. Wisconsin
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  30. probationers have a lesser expectation of privacy than the public at large. Id., at 874-875. 16 In Skinner v. Railway
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  31. a) (1987)). Similarly, in Treasury Employees v. Von
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  32. were, as respondents admitted, essential to the program's success. 21 Accordingly, this case differs from New York v. Burger
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  33. have applied a balancing test to determine Fourth Amendment reasonableness. See, e. g., Michigan Dept. of State Police v. Sitz
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  34. See Indianapolis v. Edmond
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  35. patients are fully informed about their constitutional rights, as standards of knowing waiver require.24 Cf. Miranda v. Arizona
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  36. our special needs cases have turned upon what the majority terms the policy's ultimate goal. For example, in Skinner v. Railway
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  37. Id., at 620. In Treasury Employees v. Von
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  38. Id., at 666. In Vernonia School Dist. J,7J v. Acton
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  39. i. e., part of the property) of the person who has passed and abandoned it. Cf. California v. Greenwood
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  40. Ante, at 76, n. 9. But in all of those cases, the urine was obtained involuntarily. See Chandler v. Miller
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  41. not suffice, even without reference to the special-needs doctrine. The Court's analogizing of this case to Miranda v. Arizona
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  42. represented, and giving that material or information derived from it to the police, is not unconstitutional. In Hoffa v. United
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  43. United States v. White
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  44. to catch a criminal in the act, and those meant only to gather evidence of prior wrongdoing. See, e. g., United States v. Miller
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  45. cf. Illinois v. Perkins
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  46. even beyond that, since there does not exist any physician-patient privilege in South Carolina. See, e. g., Peagler v. Atlantic
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  47. Syllabus Ferguson Et Al. V. City
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  48. See Chandler v. Miller
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  49. Skinner, Treasury Employees v. Von
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  50. Cf. Miranda v. Arizona
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