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Mitchell Vs. Helms

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  • US Supreme Court
  • Jun 28, 2000

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71 entries 6 linked 65 unlinked
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  1. Mueller Vs. Allen US Supreme Court · Jun 29, 1983
  2. Meek Vs. Pittenger US Supreme Court · May 19, 1975
  3. Agostini Vs. Felton US Supreme Court · Apr 15, 1997
  4. Aguilar Vs. Felton US Supreme Court · Jul 01, 1985
  5. Tilton Vs. Richardson US Supreme Court · Jun 28, 1971
  6. U.S. 793 (2000) October Term, 1999 Syllabus Mitchell Et Al. V. Helms
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  7. violated the First Amendment's Establishment Clause. Agreeing, the Chief Judge of the District Court held, under Lemon v. Kurtzman
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  8. loaned to the Catholic schools were direct aid and the schools were pervasively sectarian. He relied primarily on Meek v. Pittenger
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  9. U. S. 349, and Wolman v. Walter
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  10. or equipment, he retired. Another judge then reversed that order, upholding Chapter 2 under, inter alia, Zobrest v. Catalina
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  11. as part of a federal program for the disabled. While respondents' appeal was pending, this Court decided Agostini v. Felton
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  12. Witters v. Washington
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  13. arbitrary choice that does not further the constitutional analysis. See Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No. 1 v. Allen
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  14. may exist when money is given directly to religious schools, see, e. g., Rosenberger v. Rector
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  15. frees it to spend its other resources on religious ends. E. g., Committee for Public Ed. and Religious Liberty v. Regan
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  16. d) Additional factors cited by the dissent-including the concern for political divisiveness that post-Aguilar v. Felton
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  17. analysis, they are overruled. Pp. 835-836. JUSTICE O'CONNOR, joined by JUSTICE BREYER, concluded that Agostini v. Felton
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  18. Circuit's judgment that the Chapter 2 program is unconstitutional as applied in Jefferson Parish. To the extent Meek v. Pittenger
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  19. s precedents. See, e. g., id., at 226-227. Actual diversion is constitutionally impermissible. E. g., Bowen v. Kendrick
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  20. not treat a per-capita-aid program like Chapter 2 the same as the true private choice programs approved in Witters v. Washington
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  21. Dept. of Servs. for Blind, 474 U. S. 481 , and Zobrest v. Catalina
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  22. Clause jurisprudence. Those decisions adhered to the prior holding in Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No.1 v. Allen
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  23. religion, see, e. g., id., at 365-366. The irrationality of this distinction is patent. See Wallace v. Jaffree
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  24. see Meek, supra, at 384, should extend to instructional materials and equipment. School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball
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  25. ed.). 802 Opinion of THOMAS, J. that we recently considered in Agostini v. Felton
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  26. of the District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana granted summary judgment in favor of respondents. Helms v. Cody
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  27. held that Chapter 2 violated the Establishment Clause because, under the second part of our three-part test in Lemon v. Kurtzman
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  28. App. to Pet. for Cert. 151a. Chief Judge Heebe relied primarily on Meek v. Pittenger
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  29. U. S. 349 (1975), and Wolman v. Walter
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  30. upheld Chapter 2, pointing to several significant changes in the legal landscape over the previous seven years. Helms v. Cody
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  31. WL 35283 (Jan. 28), App. to Pet. for Cert. 79a. In particular, Judge Livaudais cited our 1993 decision in Zobrest v. Catalina
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  32. Judge Livaudais also relied heavily on a 1995 decision of the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Walker v. San
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  33. see Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No.1 v. Allen
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  34. F. 3d, at 1465-1466. These cases, in the Ninth Circuit's view, revived the principle of Allen and of Everson v. Board
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  35. Ninth Circuit also relied, id., at 1467, on our observation in Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
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  36. the massive provision of text- 3 Everson v. Board
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  37. on our decision in Zobrest and the Ninth Circuit's decision in Walker, Judge Livaudais invoked Rosenberger v. Rector
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  38. to teach remedial classes at private schools, including religious schools. In so holding, we overruled Aguilar v. Felton
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  39. U. S. 402 (1985), and partially overruled School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball
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  40. in our case law or to divine the future course of our decisions and instead focused on our particular holdings. Helms v. Picard
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  41. In the over 50 years since Everson v. Board
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  42. to apply these simple words in the context of governmental aid to religious schools.4 As we admitted in Tilton v. Richardson
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  43. at 222-223. We acknowledged 4 Cases prior to Everson discussed the issue only indirectly, see, e. g., Vidal v. Philadelphia
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  44. Quick Bear v. Leupp
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  45. U. S. 50 , 81 (1908), or evaluated aid to schools under other provisions of the Constitution, see Cochran v. Louisiana
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  46. cf. Corporation of Presiding Bishop of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints v. Amos
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  47. See id., at 491, n. 3 (Powell, J., joined by Burger, C. J., and REHNQUIST, J., concurring) (citing Mueller v. Allen
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  48. More recently, in Agostini v. Felton
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  49. Zobrest v. Catalina
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