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Bryan Vs. United States

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  • US Supreme Court
  • Jun 15, 1998

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  1. Bryan v. United
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  2. States - 524 U.S. 184 (1998) October Term, 1997 Syllabus Bryan V. United
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  3. See, e. g., Heikkinen v. United
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  4. of the facts constituting the offense, as distinguished from knowledge of the law, see, e. g., United States v. Bailey
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  5. s adoption of a similar interpretation in cases concerned with willful violations of the tax laws, see, e. g., Cheek v. United
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  6. assistance, since his main support lies in statements made by opponents of the bill. See, e. g., Schwegmann Brothers v. Calvert
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  7. for the Government to prove that the defendant acted with knowledge of the licensing requirement, United States v. Sanchez-Corcino
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  8. App. 17 (citing Ratzlaf v. United
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  9. whose construction is often dependent on the context in which it appears. See, e. g., Spies v. United
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  10. but in the criminal law it also typically refers to a culpable state of mind. As we explained in United States v. Murdock
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  11. from accidental. But when used in a criminal statute it generally means an act done with a bad purpose (Felton v. United
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  12. Potter v. United
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  13. Spurr v. United
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  14. without justifiable excuse (Felton v. United
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  15. Williams v. People
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  16. People v. Jewell
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  17. St. Louis, I. M. & S. Ry. Co. v. Batesville
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  18. Clay v. State
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  19. stubbornly, obstinately, perversely, Wales v. Miner
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  20. Lynch v. Commonwealth
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  21. Claus v. Chicago
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  22. State v. Harwell
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  23. S. E. 48. The word is also employed to characterize a thing done without ground for believing it is lawful (Roby v. Newton
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  24. S. E. 694), or conduct marked by careless disregard whether or not one has the right so to act, United States v. Philadelphia
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  25. State v. Savre
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  26. State v. Morgan
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  27. U. S., at 394-395. 13 See, e. g., Heikkinen v. United
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  28. Felton v. United
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  29. Ratzlaf v. United
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  30. only if it finds that it knew the meaning of the regulation he was accused of violating. With the exception of Screws v. United
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  31. I do not suppose the Court intends to suggest that if petitioner knew nothing of the existence 193 States v. Bailey
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  32. Id., at 408. And in Staples v. United
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  33. at 602. It was not, however, necessary to prove that the defendant knew that his possession was unlawful. See Rogers v. United
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  34. Boyce Motor Lines, Inc. v. United
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  35. States, 342 U. S. 337 , 345 (1952). 15 Liparota v. United
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  36. s translation of the terms mens rea and actus reus is found in his opinion for the Court in Morissette v. United
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  37. was aware of the specific provision of the tax code that he was charged with violating. See, e. g., Cheek v. United
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  38. these statutes 17 Even in tax cases, we have not always required this heightened mens rea. In United States v. Pomponio
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  39. Id., at 13. 18 As we stated in Cheek v. United
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  40. See Bates v. United
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  41. U. S. 346 , 360-361 (1973) (quoting Spies v. United
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  42. of criminally prosecuting individuals who subjectively and honestly believe they have not acted criminally. Cheek v. United
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  43. United States v. Aversa
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  44. Schwegmann Brothers v. Calvert
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  45. NLRB v. Fruit
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  46. see also United States v. Andrade
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  47. thus, while these 26 See, e. g., Perri v. Department
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  48. Stein's Inc. v. Blumenthal
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  49. Syllabus Bryan V. United
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  50. Heikkinen v. United
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