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Wyatt Vs. Cole

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  • US Supreme Court
  • May 18, 1992

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  1. imbler Vs. Pachtman US Supreme Court · Nov 03, 1975
  2. Pulliam Vs. Allen US Supreme Court · May 14, 1984
  3. Malley Vs. Briggs US Supreme Court · Mar 05, 1986
  4. Hafer Vs. Melo US Supreme Court · Oct 15, 1991
  5. Anderson Vs. Creighton US Supreme Court · Jun 25, 1987
  6. Celotex Corp. Vs. Catrett US Supreme Court · Jun 25, 1986
  7. Pierson Vs. Ray US Supreme Court · Apr 11, 1967
  8. Harlow Vs. Fitzgerald US Supreme Court · Jun 24, 1982
  9. Carey Vs. Piphus US Supreme Court · Mar 21, 1978
  10. Siegert Vs. Gilley US Supreme Court · May 23, 1991
  11. U.S. 158 (1992) October Term, 1991 Syllabus Wyatt V. Cole
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  12. other things, the court held the statute unconstitutional and assumed that Cole was subject to liability under Lugar v. Edmondson
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  13. See, e. g., Owen v. City
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  14. immediately appealable, qualified immunity from suit accorded government officials under, e. g., Harlow v. Fitzgerald
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  15. U. S. 159 800, and Mitchell v. Forsyth
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  16. the cause and filed a brief for respondents. JUSTICE O'CONNOR delivered the opinion of the Court. In Lugar v. Edmondson
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  17. Eighth and Eleventh Circuits have determined that private defendants are entitled to qualified immunity. See Buller v. Buechler
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  18. Jones v. Preuit
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  19. certain circumstances, private parties acting under color of state law are not entitled to such an immunity. See Downs v. Sawtelle
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  20. Conner v. Santa
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  21. Howerton v. Gabica
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  22. but has established a good faith defense. Duncan v. Peck
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  23. individuals of their federally guaranteed rights and to provide relief to victims if such deterrence fails. Carey v. Piphus
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  24. U. S. 247 , 254-257 (1978). In Lugar v. Edmondson
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  25. immunity to respondents. In so doing, the Court of Appeals followed one of its prior cases, Folsom Investment Co. v. Moore
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  26. Owen v. City
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  27. of Independence, 445 U. S. 622 , 637 (1980) (quoting Pierson v. Ray
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  28. not intend to abrogate such immunities when it imposed liability for actions taken under color of state law. See Tower v. Glover
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  29. although public prosecutors and judges were accorded absolute immunity at common law, Imbler v. Pachtman
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  30. who, like respondents, set the wheels of government in motion by 165 instigating a legal action. Malley v. Briggs
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  31. intend to abrogate such defenses when it enacted the Civil Rights Act of 1871. We adopted similar reasoning in Pierson v. Ray
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  32. the qualified immunity from suit accorded government officials under Harlow v. Fitzgerald
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  33. An derson v. Creighton
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  34. U. S. 635 , 645 (1987), was reinforced by our decision in Mitchell v. Forsyth
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  35. respondents asserted below.2 But, 2 In arguing that respondents are entitled to qualified immunity under Harlow v. Fitzgerald
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  36. talented candidates were not deterred by the threat of damages suits from entering public service. See, e. g., Wood v. Strickland
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  37. Butz v. Econo
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  38. to justify such an expansion. Unlike school board members, see Wood, supra, or police officers, see Malley v. Briggs
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  39. liability under Lugar v. Edmondson
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  40. additional burdens. Because those issues are not fairly before us, however, we leave them for another day. Cf. Yee v. Escondido
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  41. U. S., 519, 534-538 (1992). IV As indicated above, the District Court assumed that under Lugar v. Edmondson
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  42. post, at 176-177. In Tenney v. Brandhove
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  43. had not eradicated the absolute immunity granted legislators under the common law. And in Pierson v. Ray
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  44. Burns v. Reed
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  45. for public officials, however, we have diverged to a substantial degree from the historical standards. In Harlow v. Fitzgerald
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  46. acted in light of existing legal principles. Owen v. City
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  47. at 95. Our cases on the subject, beginning with Har low v. Fitzgerald
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  48. decided by the court rather than a jury, and on which an interlocutory appeal is available to defendants. Mitchell v. Forsyth
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  49. lack of probable cause. Moreover, the question of the defendant's beliefs was almost always one for the jury. Stewart v. Sonneborn
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  50. is a factual one, and a plaintiff may rely on circumstantial rather than direct evidence to make his case. Siegert v. Gilley
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