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O'Connor Vs. Ortega
Cites for this judgment
- US Supreme Court
- Mar 31, 1987
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U.S. 709 (1987) U.S. Supreme Court O'Connor v. OrtegaSearch
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U.S. 709 (1987) O'Connor v. OrtegaSearch
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judgment, the District Court granted petitioners' motion for summary judgment. The District Court, relying on Chenkin v. BellevueSearch
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Amendment, have been applied to the conduct of governmental officials in various civil activities. New Jersey v. T.LSearch
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that the Fourth Amendment governs the conduct of school officials, see ibid., building inspectors, see Camara v. MunicipalSearch
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U. S. 528 (1967), and Occupational Safety and Health Page 480 U. S. 715 Act inspectors, see Marshall v. Barlow'sSearch
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U.S. at 469 U. S. 335 (quoting Marshall v. Barlow'sSearch
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Inc., supra, at 436 U. S. 312 -313 and Camara v. MunicipalSearch
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Oliver v. UnitedSearch
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has recognized that employees may have a reasonable expectation of privacy against intrusions by police. See Mancusi v. DeForteSearch
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States, supra, at 466 U. S. 178 , n. 8. Thus, in Mancusi v. DeForteSearch
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offices may be so open to fellow employees or the public that no expectation of privacy is reasonable. Cf. Katz v. UnitedSearch
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of Appeals that Dr. Ortega had a reasonable expectation of privacy at least in his desk and file cabinets. See Gillard v. SchmidtSearch
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United States v. SpeightsSearch
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United States v. BlokSearch
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New Jersey v. T.LSearch
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Camara v. MunicipalSearch
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U.S. at 392 U. S. 370 (quoting Camara v. MunicipalSearch
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U.S. at 469 U. S. 351 (concurring in judgment). In Marshall v. Barlow'sSearch
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U.S. at 436 U. S. 316 . In New Jersey v. T.LSearch
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an employer Page 480 U. S. 721 satisfies the Fourth Amendment reasonableness requirement. See United States v. NasserSearch
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United States v. CollinsSearch
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Others have suggested the use of a standard other than probable cause. See United States v. BunkersSearch
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The only cases to imply that a warrant should be required involve searches that are not work-related, see Gillard v. SchmidtSearch
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supra, at 829, n. 1, or searches for evidence of criminal misconduct, see United States v. KahanSearch
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issue. For the most part, we have required that a search be based upon probable cause, but as we noted in New Jersey v. T.LSearch
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U.S. at 469 U. S. 340 (quoting Almeida-Sanchez v. UnitedSearch
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that reasonable legislative or administrative standards for conducting an inspection are satisfied. See Marshall v. Barlow'sSearch
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meaning for a routine inventory conducted by public employers for the purpose of securing state property. See Colorado v. BertineSearch
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first, one must consider 'whether the . . . action was justified at its inception,' Terry v. OhioSearch
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individualized suspicion is an essential element of the standard of reasonableness that we adopt today. See New Jersey v. T.LSearch
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Chenkin v. BellevueSearch
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See Davis v. SchererSearch
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it suggested how police officers are to gather the facts necessary for this refined inquiry. As we observed in Oliver v. UnitedSearch
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the police, even though employer and coworkers are not excluded. I think we decided as much many years ago. In Mancusi v. DeForteSearch
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Ante at 480 U. S. 717 . The identity of the searcher (police v. employerSearch
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Amendment covers private dwellings -- intrusion for the purpose of extinguishing a fire is reasonable. Cf. Michigan v. TylerSearch
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Katz v. UnitedSearch
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U.S. Supreme Court O'Connor v. OrtegaSearch
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Chenkin v. BellevueSearch
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Marshall v. Barlow'sSearch
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and Camara v. MunicipalSearch
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See Mancusi v. DeForteSearch
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