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Kentucky Vs. Graham
Cites for this judgment
- US Supreme Court
- Jun 28, 1985
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U.S. 159 (1985) U.S. Supreme Court Kentucky v. GrahamSearch
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U.S. 159 (1985) Kentucky v. GrahamSearch
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simply naming it as a defendant on the limited issue of fee liability. Pp. 473 U. S. 168 -170. (e) Hutto v. FinneySearch
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In a short per curiam opinion relying solely on this Court's decision in Hutto v. FinneySearch
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U. S. 678 (1978), the Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit affirmed. Graham v. WilsonSearch
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case requires us to unravel once again the distinctions between personal- and official-capacity suits, see Brandon v. HoltSearch
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Supreme Court of Virginia v. ConsumersSearch
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Cf. Pulliam v. AllenSearch
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impose personal liability upon a government official for actions he takes under color of state law. See, e.g., Scheuer v. RhodesSearch
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Monell v. NewSearch
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show that the official, acting under color of state law, caused the deprivation of a federal right. See, e.g., Monroe v. PapeSearch
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behind the deprivation, Polk County v. DodsonSearch
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immunity defenses, such Page 473 U. S. 167 as objectively reasonable reliance on existing law. See Imbler v. PachtmanSearch
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U. S. 308 (1975) (same). In an official-capacity action, these defenses are unavailable. Owen v. CitySearch
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Brandon v. HoltSearch
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prevailed against one party does not entitle him to fees from another party, let alone from a nonparty. Cf. Hensley v. EckerhartSearch
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Ford Motor Co. v. DepartmentSearch
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This bar remains in effect when state officials are sued for damages in their official capacity. Cory v. WhiteSearch
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IV Despite the Court of Appeals' contrary view, the result we reach today is fully consistent with Hutto v. FinneySearch
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against a preexisting background of substantive liability rules. v. OnlySearch
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Berry v. McLemoreSearch
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Morrison v. FoxSearch
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least one Court of Appeals appears to have reached the same result as that of the lower court in this case. See Glover v. AlabamaSearch
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to fees only where the suit was vexatious, frivolous, or brought to harass or embarrass the defendant. See Hensley v. EckerhartSearch
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We express no view as to the nature or degree of success necessary to make a plaintiff a prevailing party. See Maher v. GagneSearch
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from a municipality, Newport v. FactSearch
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Concerts, Inc., 453 U. S. 247 (1981), but are available in a suit against an official personally, see Smith v. WadeSearch
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units can be sued directly for damages and injunctive or declaratory relief. See, e.g., Memphis Police Dept. v. GarnerSearch
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U. S. 1 (1985) (decided with Tennessee v. GarnerSearch
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has overridden it, however, a State cannot be sued directly in its own name regardless of the relief sought. Alabama v. PughSearch
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in such cases typically will indicate the nature of the liability sought to be imposed. Brandon v. HoltSearch
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was not intended to abrogate a State's Eleventh Amendment immunity. Quern v. JordanSearch
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the State's immunity can be overcome by naming state officials as defendants. See Pennhurst State School & Hospital v. HaldermanSearch
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to injunctive relief also is not barred by the Eleventh Amendment. Edelman v. JordanSearch
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U.S. Supreme Court Kentucky v. GrahamSearch
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Graham v. WilsonSearch
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Supreme Court of Virginia v. ConsumersSearch
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See Imbler v. PachtmanSearch
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Owen v. CitySearch
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Cf. Hensley v. EckerhartSearch
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