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Karcher Vs. Daggett
Cites for this judgment
- US Supreme Court
- Jun 22, 1983
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U.S. 725 (1983) U.S. Supreme Court Karcher v. DaggettSearch
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U.S. 725 (1983) Karcher v. DaggettSearch
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that each significant variance between districts was necessary to achieve some legitimate goal. Cf. Kirkpatrick v. PreislerSearch
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U. S. 530 . Only the principle of population equality as developed in Kirkpatrick, supra, and Wesberry v. SandersSearch
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judge District Court declared New Jersey's 1982 reapportionment plan unconstitutional on the authority of Kirkpatrick v. PreislerSearch
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U. S. 526 (1969), and White v. WeiserSearch
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Brief any citation in this list with AI Studio
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Daggett v. KimmelmanSearch
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standard requires that the State make a good faith effort to achieve precise mathematical equality. See Reynolds v. SimsSearch
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Id. at 394 U. S. 531 . Accord, White v. WeiserSearch
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Swann v. AdamsSearch
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White v. WeiserSearch
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but we have not questioned the population equality standard for congressional districts. See, e.g., White v. WeiserSearch
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for congressional districts has not proved unjust or socially or economically harmful in experience. Cf. Washington v. DawsonSearch
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and oft-confirmed constitutional interpretation would impair our authority in other cases, Florida Dept. of Health v. FloridaSearch
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Pollock v. Farmers'Search
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than it is to be smaller or the same size. That certainty is sufficient for decisionmaking. Cf. City of Newark v. BlumenthalSearch
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in the 200th Legislature had smaller maximum deviations than the Feldman Plan. 535 F.Supp. at 982. Cf. White v. WeiserSearch
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Page 462 U. S. 740 See also Swann v. AdamsSearch
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to prove that the population deviations in its plan were necessary to achieve some legitimate state objective. White v. WeiserSearch
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Upham v. SeamonSearch
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and avoiding contests between incumbent Representatives. As long as the criteria are nondiscriminatory, see Gomillion v. LightfootSearch
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that, on a proper showing, could justify minor population deviations. See, e.g., West Virginia Civil Liberties Union v. PageSearch
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Reynolds v. SimsSearch
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test. v. TheSearch
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District Court properly applied the two-part test of Kirkpatrick v. PreislerSearch
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population equality without the specific showing described infra at 462 U. S. 740 -741. See Kirkpatrick v. PreislerSearch
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enact a new plan after a recent census has shown that the existing plan is grossly malapportioned. See, e.g., Carstens v. LammSearch
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Shayer v. KirkpatrickSearch
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O'Sullivan v. BrierSearch
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Donnelly v. MeskillSearch
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David v. CahillSearch
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Skolnick v. StateSearch
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equality did not entirely preclude small deviations caused by adherence to consistent state policies. See Swann v. AdamsSearch
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Kirkpatrick standard have consistently recognized that small deviations could be justified. See, e.g., Doulin v. WhiteSearch
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West Virginia Civil Liberties Union v. RockefellerSearch
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Kirkpatrick standard to evaluate proposed remedies for unconstitutional apportionments have often, as in White v. WeiserSearch
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deviation in favor of plans with slightly higher deviations that reflected consistent state policies. See, e.g., David v. CahillSearch
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Kirkpatrick test to apportionments of state legislatures, before this Court disapproved the practice in Mahan v. HowellSearch
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U. S. 315 (1973), also understood that justification of small deviations was a very real possibility. E.g., Kelly v. BumpersSearch
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Ferrell v. OklahomaSearch
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U.S. Supreme Court Karcher v. DaggettSearch
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