Full Judgment
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALAAT ERNAKULAM PRESENT: THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE V.K.MOHANAN & THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE B.KEMAL PASHA THURSDAY, THE20H DAY OF FEBRUARY20141ST PHALGUNA, 1935 CRL.A.No. 1005 of 2009 ( ) --------------------------- AGAINST JUDGMENT
IN SC4132008 OF ADDITIONAL SESSIONS COURT (ADHOC-I), ERNAKULAM DATED1205-2009 APPELLANT/ACCUSED:: --------------------------------- SURENDRA MOHAN, AGED48S/O.AYYAPPAN, VADAKKUMBHAGATH HOUSE, IRUMPANAM THIRUVAMKULAM VILLAGE. BY ADV. SRI.C.P.UDAYABHANU RESPONDENT/COMPLAINANT:: ------------------------------------------- STATEOF KERALA REPRESENTED BY THE C.I OF POLICE, HILL PALACE POLICE STATION (CRIME NO.563/04), REPRESENTED BY THE PUBLIC PROSECUTOR, HIGH COURT OF KERALA, ERNAKULAM. BY PUBLIC PROSECUTOR SRI.ROY THOMAS THIS CRIMINAL APPEAL HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD ON2002-2014, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING: V.K.MOHANAN & B.KEMAL PASHA, JJ.
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` Crl. Appeal No.1005 of 2009 ````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` Dated this the 20th day of February, 2014
JUDGMENT
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Kemal Pasha, J.
A case of uxoricide wherein the husband, who suspected the chastity of his wife, has chosen to take her to his house by around 2.30 a.m. in the dead of night and by inflicting fatal injuries on her neck and other portions of the body with a sword.
2. The accused in S.C.No.413 of 2008 of the Additional Sessions Court (Adhoc-I), Ernakulam, who stands convicted under Section 302 IPC and sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life and to pay a fine of 10,000/-, in default, to undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months, has come up in appeal.
3. Deceased Mini, the daughter of PW2, was given Crl.A.1005/2009 :
2. : in marriage to the appellant 13 years back to the incident in this case. She met with her tragic death by about 3.30 a.m. on 27.11.2004. The appellant was employed in Indian Railways at Palakkad and he occasionally used to visit his house on holidays. 3 - 4 days prior to the incident, there occurred severe quarrels between the appellant and the deceased regarding the excess phone bill amount that had occurred. The appellant, who had collected the details of such phone bills, could note down that the deceased had frequent contacts with a stranger, that too on days on which he was away at his work place, and thereby he could smell illicit connections of the deceased with a stranger. The said quarrels between the appellant and the deceased had culminated in the departure of the deceased from his house 3 - 4 days back to the incident, and her taking shelter at the house of PW2.
4. It is alleged that, on the fateful day, the appellant went to the house of PW2 by about 2.30 a.m., and took the Crl.A.1005/2009 :
3. : deceased back to his house. She was thoroughly questioned by the appellant relating to her illicit connections based on the phone calls that were made by her. Then the appellant inflicted fatal injuries on the deceased on her neck and other portions of the body, by cutting with MO1 sword, which and caused her instantaneous death. The deceased was only 32 at the time of death.
5. PW1, who is the younger brother of the father of the deceased, was alerted by PW2, and they came over to the scene of occurrence. They could see the deceased lying dead in a pool of blood in the bedroom of the house of the appellant, and further, the appellant standing near the dead body with MO1 bloodstained sword. It is also alleged that the appellant had proclaimed that he had done away with his wife. On the basis of Ext.P1 F.I.Statement furnished by PW1 before PW18 S.I. of Police, Hill Palace Police Station, PW18 registered crime No.563/2004 through Ext.P16 FIR for the offence under Section 302 IPC. Crl.A.1005/2009 :
4. :
6. PW20, Circle Inspector of Police, Hill Palace Police Station, took over the investigation. He conducted the inquest from 8.30 a.m. on 27.11.2004 itself and prepared Ext.P9 inquest report, attested by PW11 and PW12. He seized MO1 bloodstained sword found inside the room, MO2 bloodstained skirt and MO3 bloodstained nighty of the deceased, and also blood collected by using cotton gauze, through Ext.P9. The service of Scientific Assistant and Finger Print Expert was also obtained. He seized the materials collected by them also. On the same day at 12.15 p.m., he prepared Ext.P12 scene mahazar.
7. On 27.11.2004 at 4.10 p.m. he placed the appellant, who was under surveillance at the Hill Palace Police Station, under arrest. MO4 shirt and MO5 dothi worn by the appellant were seized through Ext.P13 mahazar.
8. PW20 produced the material objects before court through Ext.P17 series property lists. Ext.P19 is the copy of the forwarding note. Ext.P18 is the report received from the Crl.A.1005/2009 :
5. : Forensic Science Laboratory, Thiruvananthapuram.
9. The investigation was continued by PW19, who was the successor in office to PW20. He verified the investigation conducted by PW20 and filed the final report.
10. On the side of the prosecution, PWs 1 to 20 were examined and Exts.P1 to 20 were marked. MOs 1 to 5 were identified. After closing the evidence of the prosecution, the appellant was examined under Section 313 Cr.P.C. The appellant denied the incriminating circumstances appeared in the evidence against him and contended as follows:- " I am innocent in the murder of the wife." 11. The prosecution and the appellant were heard. As no grounds were made out to acquit the accused under Section 232 Cr.P.C., the appellant was called upon to enter on his defence. No defence evidence was adduced. Again, the prosecution and the appellant were heard. The court below found the appellant guilty of the offence punishable under Section 302 IPC, convicted him thereunder, and Crl.A.1005/2009 :
6. : sentenced him as aforesaid 12. We heard the learned counsel for the appellant Sri.C.P.Udayabhanu and the learned Public Prosecutor Sri.Roy Thomas for the State, in extenso. The learned counsel for the appellant has argued that the prosecution, even though was initially relying on on direct evidence to prove the occurrence had subsequently switched over to circumstantial evidence to prove the guilt of the appellant. It is argued that there is no sufficient evidence either direct or circumstantial, to connect the appellant with the crime and, therefore, the court below ought to have acquitted the appellant under Section 235 (1) Cr.P.C. Per contra, the learned Public Prosecutor has vehemently supported the findings entered by the court below in the impugned judgment and argued that the impugned judgment does not suffer from any illegality or irregularity and, therefore, the conviction and sentence passed by the court below are not liable to be interfered with. The learned counsel for the Crl.A.1005/2009 :
7. : appellant has guided us through the entire evidence, both oral and documentary in the case.
13. PW1, who furnished the F.I.Statement at 4 a.m. on 27.11.2004 at the Hill Palace Police Station before PW18 Sub Inspector of Police, has turned hostile to the prosecution and did not support the prosecution case when examined as PW1. At the same time, he has admitted having furnished Ext.P1 F.I.Statement and his signature in Ext.P1. According to PW1, he is residing just 300 metres away from the house of the appellant. The house of the appellant was newly constructed by the appellant. The incident in this case had occurred during early dawn on the date of incident. He was awakened by his wife, and he rushed to the spot on hearing the hue and cry. He could see the deceased lying dead in a pool of blood, with injury on her neck, inside the north eastern bedroom of the house of the appellant. Even though he had unequivocally stated in Ext.P1 that the appellant was present in the room with the Crl.A.1005/2009 :
8. : bloodstained sword by proclaiming that he had done away with his wife, PW1 has disowned the said versions in Ext.P1 and stated in evidence that no other person was there in the room. He admitted that there was light inside the room and its window remained open. He has further stated that the door of the room remained closed. Even though questions that could be put in cross examination were put to him by the prosecution by declaring him as hostile, nothing could be brought out from him, regarding the presence of the appellant in the room or anywhere near the scene of occurrence.
14. PW2 is none other than the mother of the deceased. It seems that she was examined on 01.04.2009 at first, and subsequently she was recalled again at the instance of the learned counsel for the appellant, for further cross examination on 08.04.2009. When she was examined as PW2 on 01.04.2009, she has stated in evidence that the deceased was murdered by the appellant. According to her, Crl.A.1005/2009 :
9. : by about 3 a.m. she was taken away by the appellant from her house to the house of the appellant. Thereafter, on hearing the hue and cry, she went over there at the house of the appellant and then she could see the deceased lying dead in a pool of blood, in the bedroom and the appellant was standing there with MO1 sword. She rushed to the house of PW1, alerted him, and brought him to the scene of occurrence. According to her, she fainted and prior to that, she could hear the appellant uttering "I killed her". She identified MO1 as the 'sword' which was there in the hand of the appellant. The appellant was seen wearing a shirt and dothi. She admitted that there were quarrels between the appellant and the deceased relating to the excess telephone bill amount, and the appellant had questioned the deceased as to how telephone charges to the tune of 8,000/- had occurred. In cross examination, she has clearly deposed that there was no other person to be suspected in the incident which resulted in the death of the deceased. Crl.A.1005/2009 :
10. : Emphatically, she had stated on 01.04.2009 in cross examination that she saw the appellant inside the room wherein the deceased was lying dead.
15. PW2 was recalled at the request of the appellant on 08.04.2009 for further cross examination. It seems that on 08.04.2009 she has gone to the extent of stating that she did not see the appellant after the death of her daughter. A specific answer in the form of a question is seen put to her that, earlier she had stated regarding the presence of the appellant, without sufficient memory. The witness gave a parrot like answer, in the affirmative. Evidently she had become tutored or prompted after her examination on 01.04.2009, to give a different version than what was given by her on 01.04.2009.
16. PW3, PW4, PW5, PW6, PW7, PW8 and PW10, who were also cited and examined by the prosecution to prove the occurrence and also as to the presence of the appellant inside the room wherein the deceased was lying Crl.A.1005/2009 :
11. : dead, turned hostile to the prosecution and did not support the prosecution case. At the same time, most of them have tendered evidence to the effect that they could see the deceased lying dead in a pool of blood, with injuries inside the said bedroom.
17. PW9 is a door checker of a private bus, who had acquaintance with the deceased. According to him, the deceased had collected his mobile phone number from him, and used to call him over his mobile phone. In cross examination, he has stated in evidence that for some days after the incident which resulted in the death of the deceased, he had gone in hiding after removing his sim card from the mobile phone, as he was afraid of the police. Later, after some days, he went to the police station, and revealed everything to the police.
18. PW17 was a police constable attached to the Ernakulam Police Control Room during 2004. He was on Flying Squad duty on 26.11.2004 during night along with Crl.A.1005/2009 :
12. : another police constable No.7670 named Binu. According to PW17, by about 4 a.m. on 27.11.2004, while he along with the other police constable was on Flying Squad duty, he got information over the wireless from the control room that one person had cut and murdered his wife at Irumpanam region. He was directed to go and enquire about it. Based on the said information, by about 4.45 a.m., he reached in front of the house wherein the incident had occurred. He could see light inside the front bedroom of the house. Through the window, which remained open, he could see the appellant standing with MO1 sword inside the room. When he asked the appellant as to what had happened, the appellant told him that he had cut and murdered his wife Mini. When he asked the reason as to why he did commit the said act, the appellant told him that she had illicit connections with some other man.
19. PW17 has clearly stated in evidence that the room was locked from inside. He could see the deceased lying Crl.A.1005/2009 :
13. : dead in a pool of blood inside the room. He could see 5 - 6 persons standing at the courtyard of the house, from whom he came to know that the appellant had suspicion towards the chastity of his wife and thereby the appellant had committed the murder of the deceased. By that time, PW18 Sub Inspector of Police, Hill Palace Police Station, and the police party had reached there. He could hear the appellant telling PW18 that he had committed the murder of his wife Mini. He has clearly stated in evidence that when he went near the room, he could realise that the said room was bolted from inside. According to him, the appellant did not come out. He clearly identified the appellant before court and also the sword which was held by the appellant as MO1. Even though PW17 was subjected to searching cross examination, nothing could be brought out in order to impeach his credit or impair his credibility.
20. PW18 was the Sub Inspector of Police, Hill Palace Police Station, who registered the crime through Crl.A.1005/2009 :
14. : Ext.P16 FIR after recording Ext.P1 statement furnished by PW1. Thereafter, he went to the scene of occurrence and he could see the appellant standing inside the north eastern bedroom of the house near the window. He could see MO1 sword which was placed inside the room, near to the wall. The deceased was seen lying dead inside the room. According to PW18 also, the room was bolted from inside. When he directed the appellant to open the room, the appellant opened the room and came out. He took the appellant to the police station by the police jeep and placed him there under observation and surveillance.
21. According to PW20 Circle Inspector of Police, Hill Palace Police Station, he placed the appellant under arrest at 4.10 p.m. on 27.11.2004 from the Hill Palace Police Station. MO4 shirt and MO5 dothi worn by the appellant were seized through Ext.P13 mahazar.
22. PW15, while working as Civil Surgeon, General Hospital, Ernakulam, on 27.11.2004 conducted the autopsy Crl.A.1005/2009 :
15. : of the deceased aged 32, and prepared and issued Ext.P14 postmortem certificate. She has noted the following ante mortem injuries on the body of the deceased:- "(1) Incised wound on the nape of neck 9 x 2 x 7 cm cutting the underline muscles, vessel second cervical vertebra and spinal cord. (2) Incised wound behind left ear 10 x 5 cm with left mastoid and occipital bone exposed and found clearly cut. (3) 2 cm long incised wound on the middle of left ear margin. (4) An incised wound 6 cm x 2 cm x 5 cm x 3 cm below injury No.1 extending to left scapula. (5) A superficial incised wound 7 cm long below injury No.4. (6) A curved superficial incised wound 12 cm long below left scapula. (7) An incised wound 3 cm splitting the right ear lob. (8) A superficial incised wound 7 cm long 2 cm below right ear. Crl.A.1005/2009 :
16. : (9) A superficial incised wound 10 cm long extending to right chin 2 cm below injury No.8. (10) An incised wound 13 cm x 5 cm muscle deep, 6 cm below right ear. (11) A superficial incised wound 3 cm long below right eye. (12) An incised wound 8 cm x 3 cm on right shoulder cutting the underlying muscle. (13) A superficial incised wound 5 cm long, 3 cm below injury No.12. (14) Superficial incised wound 3 cm long on right forearm. (15) A curved superficial incised wound 12 cm long on right scapula extending to right shoulder. (16) An incised wound 12 cm long on right scapula 3 cm below injury No.15. (17) A superficial incised wound 10 cm long just below injury No.16. (18) A superficial incised wound 6 cm long just below injury No.17. (19) Linear superficial incised wound 11 cm long on right side of chest. Crl.A.1005/2009 :
17. : (20) Linear superficial incised wound 4 cm long on right hip. (21) Linear superficial incised wound 3 cm long on right thigh. (22) An incised wound 8 cm x 8 cm on right thigh cutting the muscle, 10 cm above right knee." The opinion expressed by PW15 in Ext.P14 as to the cause of death of the deceased is that "postmortem findings are consistent with death due to injury No.1. Other injuries especially injury Nos.2, 10 and 12 could contribute to the cause of death".
23. According to PW15, the injuries found on the body of the deceased could be caused by cutting with a sharp edged weapon like MO1. On going through the nature of injury No.1, it is evident that the neck of the deceased was almost severed, which severed the underlying muscles, vessels, second cervical vertebra and the spinal cord. Much discussion is not required to conclude that the said injury Crl.A.1005/2009 :
18. : was necessarily fatal and the deceased could have met with her death within seconds, on getting such a cut injury. There is no reason to have a different opinion than the one expressed by PW15 as to the cause of death of the deceased. It stands proved that the deceased died on account of injury No.1 and the death is homicidal.
24. Ext.P18 is the report obtained from the Forensic Science Laboratory, Thiruvananthapuram, relating to the material objects including MO1 sword, MO5 dothi and MO4 shirt seized from the appellant. On examination, it was revealed that the aforesaid material objects were found stained with human blood. It has further come out that the human blood in MO1 and MO4 was of the Group 'O'. Ext.P18 further reveals that the blood group of the deceased was 'O'. It seems that the appellant has not explained as to how the blood of the deceased happened to be there on his shirt and dothi. Further, he has no explanation as to how he happened to be there with the bloodstained MO1 sword Crl.A.1005/2009 :
19. : near the deceased, who was lying dead inside the bedroom of his house which was locked and bolted from inside. The only explanation offered by the appellant was that he is innocent in the murder of his wife. Even from that version itself, it seems that he has clearly admitted that his wife was murdered. He has no case that some other person had done away with her.
25. From the evidence discussed above, it has clearly come out that appellant took the deceased from the house of PW2 by about 2.30 a.m. on the date of incident. Thereafter, the deceased was found lying dead in a pool of blood, with injuries on her neck and other portions of the body, inside the north eastern bedroom of the house of the appellant by about 3.30 a.m. on 27.11.2004. It has clearly come out in evidence that the appellant was seen standing inside the room near the body of the deceased with MO1 bloodstained sword. Further, it has clearly come out in evidence that the said room, wherein the deceased was Crl.A.1005/2009 :
20. : lying dead and the appellant was seen standing near the dead body with MO1 bloodstained sword, was bolted and locked from inside. Apart from the appellant and the body of the deceased, no other persons were present in the said room. The said versions of PW17 and PW18 are not seen challenged by the appellant in cross examination. Further, it has come out that the injuries found on the body of the deceased could be caused by cutting with MO1. Apart from all the above, it stands proved that MO1 sword, and MO4 and MO5 clothes worn by the appellant at the time of occurrence were stained with human blood. Over and above it, the human blood found on MO1 and MO4 is proved to be that of group 'O'. It stands proved that the blood group of the deceased was 'O'.
26. All the aforesaid circumstances are firmly and cogently established. The said circumstances coupled with the evidence of PW2, form a complete chain. All the proved circumstances clearly point towards the guilt of the Crl.A.1005/2009 :
21. : appellant; and none else. There is no hypothesis other than the guilt of the appellant. In short, all the inculpatory circumstances are incompatible with the innocence of the appellant.
27. We are of the considered view that in a case like the present one, it is the duty of the appellant to explain as to how the deceased died, under Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act. In Trimukh Maroti Kirkan Vs. State of Maharashtra [2006 (4) KLT638(SC)], it was held:- "If an offence takes place inside the privacy of a house and in such circumstances where the assailants have all the opportunity to plan and commit the offence at the time and in circumstances of their choice, it will be extremely difficult for the prosecution to lead evidence to establish the guilt of the accused if the strict principle of circumstantial evidence, as noticed above, is insisted upon by the Courts. A Judge does not preside over a criminal trial merely to see that no innocent Crl.A.1005/2009 :
22. : man is punished. A Judge also presides to see that a guilty man does not escape. Both are public duties. The law does not enjoin a duty on the prosecution to lead evidence of such character which is almost impossible to be led or at any rate extremely difficult to be led. The duty on the prosecution is to lead such evidence which it is capable of leading, having regard to the facts and circumstances of the case. Here it is necessary to keep in mind S.106 of the Evidence Act which says that when any fact is especially within the knowledge of any person, the burden of proving that fact is upon him. Where an offence like murder is committed in secrecy inside a house, the initial burden to establish the case would undoubtedly be upon the prosecution, but the nature and amount of evidence to be led by it to establish the charge cannot be of the same degree as is required in other cases of circumstantial evidence. The burden would be of a comparatively lighter character. In view of S.106 of the Evidence Act there will be a corresponding burden on Crl.A.1005/2009 :
23. : the inmates of the house to give a cogent explanation as to how the crime was committed. The inmates of the house cannot get away by simply keeping quiet and offering no explanation on the supposed premise that the burden to establish its case lies entirely upon the prosecution and there is no duty at all on an accused to offer any explanation." 28. Much discussion is not required to conclude that the prosecution has clearly proved beyond doubt that it was the appellant and none else who has caused the death of the deceased. The nature of injuries found on the body of the deceased itself is sufficient to note down that the appellant had caused the death of the deceased with the intention to cause her death. Matters being so, the act of the appellant in causing death of the deceased is clearly covered by firstly of Section 300 IPC, which is punishable under Section 302 IPC.
29. We do not find any infirmity or legal error in the conviction and sentence passed by the court below. There Crl.A.1005/2009 :
24. : is absolutely nothing to interfere with the conviction passed by the court below. Regarding sentence also, we are of the view that the sentence imposed by the court below is proportionate to the gravity of the offence involved. It is a hard reality that there is nobody to look after and maintain the two children of the appellant and the deceased. Even now, the appellant is undergoing incarceration. The said hard reality cannot come to the aid the appellant in any manner as the court below has resorted to the lesser alternative only, in the question of sentence. Matters being so, this appeal is devoid of merits, and is only to be dismissed, and we do so. In the result, this Criminal Appeal is dismissed. Sd/- (V.K.MOHANAN, JUDGE) Sd/- (B.KEMAL PASHA, JUDGE) aks/21/02 // True Copy // PA to Judge