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The Indian Penal Code 1860 Complete Act

State: Central

Year: 1860

.....1908, `India', means the territory of India excluding the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Under s. 2(e) of the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969, `India' means for the purposes of this Act the territories to which this Act extends (i.e., whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir). According to s. 2(27) of Customs Act, 1962, `India' includes the territorial waters of India. SECTION 19: "JUDGE" The word "judge" denotes not only every person who is officially designated as a Judge, but also every person, who is empowered by law to give, in any legal proceeding, civil or criminal, a definitive judgement or a judgement which, if not appealed against, would be definitive, or a judgement which, if confirmed by some other authority, would be definitive, or who is one of a body of persons, which body of persons is empowered by law to give such a judgement. Illustrations (a) A Collector exercising jurisdiction in a suit under Act 10 of 1859, is a Judge. (b) A Magistrate exercising jurisdiction in respect of a charge on which he has power to sentence to fine or imprisonment, with or without appeal, is a Judge. (c) A member of a Panchayat which has power.....

Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) Chapter 4

Title: General Exceptions

State: Central

Year: 1860

.....being ordered by that Court to arrest Y, and, after due enquiry, believing Z to be Y, arrests Z. A has committed no offence. Section 77 - Act of Judge when acting judicially Nothing is an offence which is done by a Judge when acting judicially in the exercise of any power which is, or which in good faith he believes to be, given to him by law. Section 78 - Act done pursuant to the judgment or order of Court Nothing which is done in pursuance of, or which is warranted by the judgment or order of, a Court of Justice; if done whilst such judgment or order remains in force, is an offence, ' notwithstanding the Court may have had no jurisdiction to pass such judgment or order, provided the person doing the act in good faith believes that the Court had such jurisdiction. Section 79 - Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law Nothing is an offence which is done by any person who is justified by law, or who by reason of a mistake of fact and not by reason of a mistake of law in good faith, believes himself to be justified by law, in doing it. Illustration A sees Z commit what appears to A to be a murder. A, in.....

Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) Section 106

Title: Right of Private Defence Against Deadly Assault when there is Risk of Harm to Innocent Person

State: Central

Year: 1860

If in the exercise of the right of private defence against an assault which reasonably causes the apprehension of death, the defender be so situated that he cannot effectually exercise that right without risk of harm to an innocent person, his right of private defence extends to the running of that risk. Illustration A is attacked by a mob who attempt to murder him. He cannot effectually exercise his right of private defence without firing on the mob, and he cannot fire without risk of harming young children who are mingled with the mob. A commits no offence if by so firing he harms any of the children.

Bengal Bonded Warehouse Association Act, 1838 Schedule 1

Title: Schedule I

State: Central

Year: 1838

.....A. Colvin. Captain. Bruce, Shand & Co. W. Ainslie. G. A. Prinsep. G. W. A. Lloyd, Lt.-Col. H. Cowic. T. Section Anquetil, Lt.-Col. J. Ranken, M.D. Charles C. Bruce. W. H. Martin. Brijobullub Doss & Debnarain Day. A. Irvine, Major. Gocul Doss. William Bruce, Trustee W. A. Peacock. A. Section Stopford. for Mrs. Col. Lloyd. J. A. Moore, Major. A. Beattic. W. Ryland. T. W. Burt. Wilson Frith & Co. M. Hughes, Captain. William Braddon. G. C. Arbuthnot. Annundchunder Mitter. Francis Macnaghten. A. Jackson. J. A. Walker. Carr, Tagore and Co. A. Section Gladsone. T. Hyde Gardmer. W. Carr, Trustee for J. Craigie, Lieut.-Col. J. C. Owen. Mrs. Dicks Marriage J. Williams. Doorgachurn Bose. Settlement. J. B. Higginson. Rajkissore Lahory. Robert Lyall. Megnarain Roy. Gourmohun Coondoo. Moheshchunder Mitter. Ramnarain Mookerjee. S. Hornby. Prawnkisto Doss. Doorgaehurn Mookerjee. Hurrischunder Bose. .....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Part 1

Title: Relevancy of Facts

State: Central

Year: 1872

.....context:- "Court".-Court" includes all Judges1 and Magistrates, 2 and all persons, except arbitrators, legally authorized to take evidence. "Fact".-"Fact" means and includes- (1) any thing, state of things, or relation of things, capable of being perceived by the senses; (2) any mental condition of which any person is conscious. Illustrations (a) That there are certain objects arranged in a certain order in a certain place, is a fact. (b) That a man heard or saw something, is a fact. (c) That a man said certain words, is a fact. (d) That a man holds a certain opinion, has a certain intention, acts in good faith or fraudulently, or uses a particular word in a particular sense, or is or was at a specified time conscious of a particular sensation, is a fact. (e) That a man has a certain reputation, is a fact. "Relevant".-One fact is said to be relevant to another when the one is connected with the other in any of the ways referred to in the provisions of this Act relating to the relevancy of facts. "Facts in issue".-The expression "facts in issue" means and includes--any fact from which, either by itself or in connection with other facts, the existence,.....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Chapter 2

Title: Of the Relevancy of Facts

State: Central

Year: 1872

..... _______________________ 1. See now the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) Section 6 - Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction Facts which, though not in issue, are so connected with a fact in issue as to form part of the same transaction, are relevant, whether they occurred at the same time and place or at different times and places. Illustrations (a) A is accused of the murder of B by beating him. Whatever was said or done by A or B or the by-standers at the beating, or so shortly before or after it as to form part of the transaction, is a relevant fact. (b) A is accused of waging war against the 1 [Government of India] by taking part in an armed insurrection in which property is destroyed, troops are attacked and goals are broken open. The occurrence of these facts is relevant, as forming part of the general transaction, thought A may not have been present at all of them. (c) A sues B for a libel contained in a letter forming part of a correspondence. Letters between the parties relating to the subject out of which the libel arose, and forming part of the correspondence in which it is contained, are relevant facts, though they do not.....

Indian Evidence Act 1872 Section 9

Title: Facts Necessary to Explain or Introduce Relevant Facts

State: Central

Year: 1872

Facts necessary to explain or introduce a fact in issue or relevant fact, or which support or rebut an inference suggested by a fact in issue or relevant fact, or which establish the identity of any thing or person whose identity is relevant, or fix the time or place at which any fact in issue or relevant fact happened, or which show the relation of parties by whom any such fact was transacted, are relevant in so far as they are necessary for that purpose. Illustrations (a) The question is, whether a given document is the will of A. The state of A's property and of his family at the date of the alleged will may be relevant facts. (b) A sues B for a libel imputing disgraceful conduct to A; B affirms that the matter alleged to be libellous is true. The position and relations of the parties at the time when the libel was published may be relevant facts as introductory to the facts in issue. The particulars of a dispute between A and B about a matter unconnected with the alleged libel are irrelevant though the fact that there was a dispute may be relevant if it affected the relations between A and B. (c) A is accused of a crime. The fact that, soon after the.....

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Complete Act

State: Central

Year: 1872

.....to another when the one is connected with the other in any of the ways referred to in the provisions of this Act relating to the relevancy of facts. "Facts in issue" " The expression "facts in issue" means and includes " any fact from which, either by itself or in connection with other facts, the existence, non-existence, nature or extent of any right, liability, or disability, asserted or denied on any suit or proceeding, necessarily follows. Explanation - Whenever, under the provisions of the law for the time being in force relating to Civil Procedure, any Court records an issue of fact, the fact to be asserted or denied in the answer to such issue is a fact in issue. Illustrations A is accused of the murder of B. At his trial the following facts may be in issue:- That caused A B's death; That A intended to cause Bs' death; That A had received grave and sudden provocation from B; That A, at the time of doing the act which caused B's death, was, by reason of unsoundness of mind, incapable of knowing its nature. "Documents" " "Documents" means any matter expressed of described upon any substance by means of letters, figures or marks, or by more than one of those means,.....

Registration Act, 1908 Part XI

Title: Of the Duties and Powers of Registering Officers

State: Central

Year: 1908

.....portion so recopied and authenticated." [Note.--Section 8 of the Bombay Act 25 of 1938 runs as follows: "8. Validity of copies made prior to enactment of this Act.--Notwithstanding anything contained in the said Act (i.e. the Indian Registration Act), copies of any of the books mentioned in sub-section (1) of section 51 of the said Act or any portion of such book, prepared before the enactment of this Act and authenticated in pursuance of the order of the Registrar or Inspector-General shall for the purposes of the said Act be deemed to have taken the place of and to be the original book or portion; and all references in the said Act to the original book or portion shall be deemed to be references to the book or portion so prepared and authenticated".] (iii) in sub-section (2), for the words "18 and 89, sub-sections (2) and (4)", substitute the words "and 18 and section 89 except sub-sections (1) and (3) thereof". 10 Orissa: In its application to the State of Orissa, in section 51,-- (a) for sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely,-- "(2) In Book 1 shall be filed-- (i) true copies of all documents, and (ii) all memoranda, .....

Registration Act, 1908 Section 51

Title: Register-books to Be Kept in the Several Offices

State: Central

Year: 1908

.....portion so recopied and authenticated." [Note.--Section 8 of the Bombay Act 25 of 1938 runs as follows: "8. Validity of copies made prior to enactment of this Act.--Notwithstanding anything contained in the said Act (i.e. the Indian Registration Act), copies of any of the books mentioned in sub-section (1) of section 51 of the said Act or any portion of such book, prepared before the enactment of this Act and authenticated in pursuance of the order of the Registrar or Inspector-General shall for the purposes of the said Act be deemed to have taken the place of and to be the original book or portion; and all references in the said Act to the original book or portion shall be deemed to be references to the book or portion so prepared and authenticated".] (iii) in sub-section (2), for the words "18 and 89, sub-sections (2) and (4)", substitute the words "and 18 and section 89 except sub-sections (1) and (3) thereof". 10 Orissa: In its application to the State of Orissa, in section 51,-- (a) for sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely,-- "(2) In Book 1 shall be filed-- (i) true copies of all documents, and (ii) all memoranda, .....