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Indian Contract Act, 1872 Section 147

Title: Liability of Co-sureties Bound in Different Sums

State: Central

Year: 1872

Co-sureties who are bound in different sums are liable to pay equally as far as the limits of their respective obligations permit. Illustrations (a) A, B and C, as sureties for D, enter into three several bonds, each in a different penalty, namely, A in the penalty of 10,000 rupees, B in that of 20,000 rupees, C in that of 40,000 rupees, conditioned for D's duly accounting to E. D makes default to the extent of 30,000 rupees. A, B and C are liable to pay 10,000 rupees. (b) A, B and C, as sureties for D, enter into three several bonds, each in a different penalty, namely, A in the penalty of 10,000 rupees, B in that of 20,000 rupees, C in that of 40,000 rupees, conditioned for D's duly accounting to E. D makes default to the extent of 40,000 rupees. A is liable to pay 10,000 rupees, and B and C 15,000 rupees each. (c) A, B and C, as sureties for D, enter into three several bonds, each in a different penalty, namely, A in the penalty of 10,000 rupees, B in that of 20,000 rupees, C in that of 40,000 rupees, conditioned for D's duly accounting to E. D makes default to the extent of 70,000 rupees. A, B and C have to pay each the full penalty of his bond.

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Court-fees Act, 1870 Section 5

Title: Procedure in Case of Differences as to Necessity or Amount of Fees

State: Central

Year: 1870

When any difference arises between the officer whose duty it is to see that any fee is paid under this Chapter and any suitor or attorney, as to the necessity of paying a fee or the amount thereof, the question shall, when the difference arises in any of the said High Courts, be referred to the taxing-officer, whose decision thereon shall be final, except when the question is, in his opinion, one of general importance, in which case he shall refer it to the final decision of the Chief Justice of such High Court, or of such Judge of the High Court as the Chief Justice shall appoint either generally or specially in this behalf. When any such difference arises in any of the said Courts of Small Causes, the question shall be referred to the Clerk of the Court, whose decision thereon shall be final, except when the question is, in his opinion, one of general importance, in which case he shall refer it to the final decision of the first Judge of such Court. The Chief Justice shall declare who shall be taxing-officer within the meaning of the first paragraph of this section.

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Presidency Small Cause Courts Act, 1882 Section 11

Title: Procedure in Case of Difference of Opinion

State: Central

Year: 1882

Save as hereinafter otherwise provided, when two or more of the Judges sitting together differ on any question, the opinion of the majority shall prevail; and if the Court is equally divided, the Chief Judge, if he is one of the Judges so differing, or, in his absence, the Judge first in rank and precedence of the Judges so differing, shall have the casting voice.

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Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) Section 153A

Title: Promoting Enmity Between Different Groups on Grounds of Religion, Race, Place of Birth, Residence, Language, Etc. and Doing Acts Prejudicial to Maintenance of Harmony

State: Central

Year: 1860

.....members of such religious, racial, language or regional group or caste or community,] shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both. Offence committed in place of worship, etc.--(2) Whoever commits an offence specified in sub-section (1) in any place of worship or in any assembly engaged in the performance of religious worship or religious ceremonies, shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend to five years and shall also be liable to fine.] ______________________ 1. Section 153A Substituted by Act 41 of 1961, section, 2, (w.e.f. 12-9-1961) and again substituted by Act 35 of 1969, section 2, for the former section (w.e.f. 4-9-1969). 2. Inserted by Act 31 of 1972, section 2 (w.e.f. 14-6-1972).

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Competition Act, 2002 Section 24

Title: Procedure for Deciding a Case Where Members of a Bench Differ in Opinion [Omitted]

State: Central

Year: 2002

1[Omitted] _______________________________________ 1. Section 24 omitted by the Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007 [Act No. 39 of 2007] w.e.f. 12.10.2007. Prior to omission it read as: "24. Procedure for deciding a case where Members of a Bench differ in opinion.-- If the Members of a Bench differ in opinion on any point, they shall state the point or points on which they differ, and make a reference to the Chairperson who shall either hear the point or points himself or refer the case for hearing on such point or points by one or more of the other Members and such point or points shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority of the Members who have heard the case, including those who first heard it."

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Arbitration Act, 1940 [Repealed] Section 36

Title: Power of Court, Where Arbitration Agreement is Ordered Not to Apply to a Particular Difference, to Order That a Provision Making an Award a Condition Precedent to an Action Shall Not Shall Not Apply to Such Difference

State: Central

Year: 1940

Where it is provided (whether in the arbitration agreement or otherwise) that an award under an arbitration agreement shall be a condition precedent to the bringing of an action with respect to any matter to which the agreement applies, the Court, if it orders (whether under this Act or any other law) that the agreement shall cease to have effect as regards any particular difference, may further order that the said provision shall also cease to have effect as regards that difference.

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Bombay Court-fees Act, 1959, (Maharashtra) Section 4

Title: Procedure in Case of Difference as to Necessity or Amount of Fee

State: Maharashtra

Year: 1959

.....by the suitor or attorney or such officer as may be appointed in this behalf by the State Government, by the Chief Justice or by such Judge if the High Court as the Chief Justice shall appoint either generally or specially in this behalf. The Chief Justice shall declare who shall be taxing officer within the meaning of this sub-section. (2) When any such difference arises in the Court of Small Causes of Bombay , the question shall be referred to the clerk of the Court whose decision thereon shall be final, subject to revision, on an application made within 1[thirty days] from the date of the decision by the party concerned or such officer as may be appointed in this behalf by the State Government, by the Chief Judge of the Small Causes Court or by such Judge of the Court as the Chief Judge shall appoint either generally or specially in this behalf. _______________________ 1. These words were substituted for the words "sixty days" by Maharashtra Act 28 of 1970.

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Railways Act, 1989 Section 20M

Title: Sharing with Landowners the Difference in Price of a Land Whentransferred for a Higher Consideration

State: Central

Year: 1989

1[20M. Sharing with landowners the difference in price of a land when transferred for a higher consideration - Whenever any land acquired under this Act is transferred to any person for a consideration, eighty per cent, of the difference in the acquisition cost and the consideration received, which in no case shall be less than the acquisition cost, shall be shared amongst the persons from whom the lands were acquired or their heirs, in proportion to the value at which the lands were acquired, and for the purpose, a separate fund may be maintained which shall be administered by the competent authority in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government. ________________________________________________ 1. Inserted by the the Railways (Amendment) Act, 2008 w.e.f. 31st day of January, 2008.

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Companies Act, 1956 Section 197A

Title: Company Not to Appoint or Employ Certain Different Categories of Managerial Personnel at the Same Time

State: Central

Year: 1956

1 [Prohibition of simultaneous appointment of different categories of managerial personnel __________________ 197A. Company not to appoint or employ certain different categories of managerial personnel at the same time Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or any other law or any agreement or instrument, no company shall, after the commencement of the Companies (Amendment) Act, 1960 (65 of 1960), appoint or employ at the same time, or after the expiry of six months from such commencement, continue the appointment or employment at the same time, of more than one of the following categories of managerial personnel, namely: - (a) managing director. 2 [***] (d) manager.] ____________________ 1. Inserted by Act 65 of 1960, Section 55 (w.e.f. 28-12-1960). 2. Clauses (b) and (c) omitted by Act 53 of 2000, Section 84 (w.e.f. 13-12-2000).

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Land Acquisition Act, 1894 Section 35

Title: Temporary Occupation of Waste or Arable Land, Procedure when Difference as to Compensation Exists

State: Central

Year: 1894

(1) Subject to the provisions of Part VII of this Act, whenever it appears to the appropriate Government that the temporary occupation and use of any waste or arable land are needed for any public purpose, or for a Company, the appropriate Government may direct the Collector to procure the occupation and use of the same for such terms as it shall think fit, not exceeding three years from commencement of such occupation. (2) The Collector shall thereupon give notice in writing to the persons interested in such land of the purpose for which the same is needed, and shall, for the occupation and use thereof, for such term as aforesaid, and for the materials (if any) to be taken therefrom, pay to them such compensation, either in a gross sum of money, or by monthly or other periodical payments, as shall be agreed upon in writing between him and such persons respectively. (3) In case the Collector and the persons interested differ as to the sufficiency of the compensation or apportionment thereof, the Collector shall refer such difference to the decision of the Court.

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