S 75 - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: s 75Contrary to law and not according to law
Contrary to law and not according to law, a decision being 'contrary to law' as provided in s. 100(1)(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure is not the same thing as a decision being not 'according to law' as prescribed in the 1st proviso of s. 75(1) of the Act. The latter expression is wider in ambit than the former. It is neither desirable nor possible to give an exhaustive definition of the expression 'according to law'. The power given to the High Court under the Ist proviso to s. 75(1) of the Act is similar to that given to it under s. 25 of the Provincial Small Cause Courts Act, Malini Ayyappa Naicker v. Seth Monghraj Udhavdas Firm, (1969) 1 SCC 688: AIR 1969 SC 1344 (1346). [Provincial Insolvency Act, 1920, s. 75(1); Civil Procedure Code 1908, s. 100(1)(a)]...
Settled land
Settled land. For the purposes of the (English) Settled Land Acts, 1882-1890, 'settled land' meant land, and any estate and interest therein, which was the subject of a settlement; and 'settlement' meant any instrument, or any number of instruments, under which any land, or any estate or interest in land, 'stands for the time being limited to or in trust for any persons by way of succession' (Settled Land Act, 1882, s. 2) (see infra for the statutory definitions in the Settled Land Act, 1925, which has repealed the S.L. Acts, 1882-1890). Where the settlement consists of more instruments than one it is commonly called a 'compound settlement,' though this term is not defined in the Acts themselves; as to compound settlements, see Re Du Cane & Nettlefold, (1898) 2 Ch 96; Re Munday & Roper, (1899) 1Ch 275; Re Lord Wimborne & Browne (1904) 1 Ch 537; Wolstenholme & Cherry, Conveyancing, etc., Acts.Prior to 1856 settled estates could not be sold or leased except under the authority of some po...
Limitation of actions and prosecutions
Limitation of actions and prosecutions. By various statutes, of which the first was 21 Jac. 1, c. 16, the (English) Limitation Act, 1623, and the principal succeeding ones, the Real Property Limitation Act, 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4, c. 42), the (English) Civil Procedure Act (3 & 4 Will. 4, c. 27) [see Read v. Price, (1909) 2 KB 724], and 37 & 38 Vict. c. 57, the (English) Real Property Limitation Act, 1874, certain periods are fixed within which, upon the principle Interest reipublic' ut sit finis litium, particular actions must be brought or proceedings taken.In the case of simple contract the remedy on the contract is barred, leaving the creditor free to enforce his claims by other means which may be still available, such as enforcing a lien, subsequent acknowledgment by the debtor or appropriation of payments, but not by way of set-off (9 Geo. 4, c. 14, s. 3). In regard to land, the right to it is destroyed after the statutory period and neither re-entry nor acknowledgment after the laps...
Casting vote
Casting vote, the vote given by the chairman or president of a deliberative assembly when the suffrages of the meeting are equal. The chairman, though not disqualified by law from voting, Nell v. Longbottom, 1894 (1) QB 767, is usually not entitled to vote in the first instance.The Speaker of the House of Commons (though he was no vote in the first instance) has a casting vote, and by the practice of the House gives it in favour of a motion or bill, so as to give opportunity for further consideration. So has the mayor or other chairman at a meeting of a town council (English) (Municipal Corporations Act, 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 50), s. 22, and Sched. II., r. 11), and the Chairman of a (English) Country Council (Local) Government Act, 1888 (51 & 52 Vict. c. 41), s. 75), and the chairman of a parish meeting, or Parish Council (Local Government Act, 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73), Sched. I., Pt. 2, r. 8, and Pt. 3, r. 10). These Acts have been replaced, except in regard to London, by the Local...
Money land
Money land. In equity, land articled or devised to be sold, and turned into money, is considered as money, and money articled or bequeathed to be invested in land, has, inequity, many of the qualities of real estate, and is descendible and devisable as such according to the rules of inheritance in other cases, and this upon the ground that equity regards substance and not form, and will further the intention of parties.By s. 75(5), (English) Settled Land Act, 1925, replacing Settled Land Act, 1882, s. 26 (5), capital money arising under that Act while remaining uninvested or unapplied and investments hereof are for all purposes of disposition, transmission and devolution to be treated as land and shall be held for and go to the same persons successively in the same manner and for and on the same estates, interests and trusts as the land wherefrom the money arises would, if not disposed of, have been held and have gone under the settlement, and see s. 78 (ibid.), as to personal estate s...
Tail
Tail [fr. tailler, Fr., to prune]. An estate-tail was formerly a freehold of inheritance and is now an equitable interest which may be created after 1925 in respect of personalty as well as realty by way of trust and which (if not barred or disposed of by will after 1925) will devolve inequity on the person who would have taken realty as heir of the body or as tenant by the curtesy if the Law of Property Act, 1925, had not been passed [s. 130 (4) (ibid.)]The limitation of an estate so that it can be inherited only by the fee owner's issue or class of issue, Black's Law dictionary 7th Edn., p. 1466.An estate-tail in land now constitutes a settlement. [(English) Settled Land Act, 1925, s. 1]With this and other statutory modifications under the (English) Law of Property Act, 1925, the rules relating to this form of estate are still applicable (a) in the investigation of all titles to land in existence on the 31st December, 1925; (b) in the construction of equitable interests into which th...
Debenture
Debenture [fr. debeo, Lat., to owe] may be defined generally as a charge in writing [not necessarily sealed, see British India, etc., Co. v. Commissioners of Inland Revenue, (1881) 7 QBD 165] of certain pro-perty with the repayment at a time fixed of money lent by person therein named at a given interest, but the term is a very elastic one. The word 'debenture' is of ancient origin and appears to have been in use five centuries ago (Palmer's Company Precedents, Pt. III., p. 1); and a document which, though it mentions to security and is only a promise to pay, is properly described as a debentures, and as a marketable security will require to be stamped as such, Spenyer v. Inland Revenue Commissioners, (1907)1 KB 246. By the (English) Companies Act, 1929, s. 380, a debenture is defined as including debenture stock, bonds or other securities of a company whether constituting a charge on the assets of the company or not. The charge created by debentures as a rule is fixed on the company's...
Married women's property
Married women's property, At Common Law, a woman, by marrying, transferred the ownership of all her property, real and personal, present and future, to her husband absolutely, so that he might sell, pay his debts out of, give away, or dispose by will of it as he pleased, with these exceptions and modifications:-1) Her freehold estate became his to manage and take the profits of during the joint lives only. After his death, leaving her surviving, it passed to her absolutely; after her death, leaving him surviving, provided that it was an estate in possession and issue who could in her it had been born during the marriage, it passed to him as 'tenant by the curtesy (q.v.) of England,' during his life, and after his death to her heir-at-law.(2) Her leasehold estate, her personal estate in expectancy, and the debts owing to her and other 'choses in action,' became his absolutely if he did some act to appropriate or reduce them into possession during the marriage, or if he survived her. If ...
Bribe
Bribe, a fit to any person in office or holding a position of trust, with the object of inducing him to disregard his official duty or betray his trust for the benefit of the giver. It is a misdemeanour at common law for a public officer, whether judicial or ministerial, to accept a bribe, or for such an officer to conspire with others that he shall receive such a bribe, Rex v. Whitaker, (1914) 3 KB 1283. It has long been settled law that the secret profits of an agent belong to his principal: see De Busche v. Alt, (1878) 8 Ch D 286. The acceptance of a secret commission from the other side to a negotiation justifies the dismissal of the agent receiving it, Boston Deep Sea Fishery v. Ansell, (1888) 39 Ch D 339. The bribery of an agent avoids a contract: see Shipway v. Broadwood, (1899) 1 QB 369, where a veterinary surgeon employed to test horses by the purchaser had passed them after acceptance of a bribe from the seller. In such a case it is an immaterial inquiry to what extent the br...
Execution of Deeds
Execution of Deeds, the signing, sealing, and delivery of them by the parties, as their own acts and deeds, in the presence of witnesses. By s. 73, L.P. Act, 1925, sealing alone is not sufficient; an individual must sign or mark the deed. Sect. 74, ibid., provides for the execution of deeds by companies and other corporations. See CORPORATION; DEED. As to compulsory executions, s. 47 of the (English) Judicature Act, 1925, replacing the 14th s. of the (English) Judicature Act, 1854, enacts, that when any person fails to comply with a judgment directing him to execute any conveyance, etc., the Court may order that the conveyance, etc., may be executed by such person as the Court may nominate to execute the deed instead, and that such execution shall have the same validity as if the conveyance, etc., had been executed by the party himself.The rule that a purchaser was entitled to have the conveyance executed in his presence is abrogated by (English) L.P. Act, 1925, s. 75, replacing the (E...
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