Protein - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: proteinGroundnut protein flour
Groundnut protein flour, See State of Andhra Pradesh v. Modern Proteins Ltd., 1994 Supp (2) SCC 496Groundnut protein flour, see, State of Andhra Pradesh v. Modern Proteins Ltd., 1994 Supp (2) SCC 496...
Leucine
a naturally occurring alpha amino acid CH32CHCH2CHNH2 COOH one of the building units of almost all proteins of living organisms both animal and vegetable It is one of the essential amino acids not synthesized by the human body a required component for proper nutrition and is hydrophobic in character when bound in proteins In isolated form it is a white crystalline zwitterionic substance formed e g by the decomposition of proteins by pancreatic digestion by the action of boiling dilute mineral acid or by putrefaction Chemically it is to be considered as amido caproic acid It occurs as two optical isomers the L and D forms The L form L leucine is the natural form present in most proteins...
Codon
a sequence of three nucleotides in a genome or a DNA or messenger RNA molecule which specifies the incorporation of one amino acid or is a stop signal during the biosynthesis of proteins Codons occur within the protein coding segments of the DNA or RNA genome of living organisms The amino acid sequence of proteins synthesized on ribosomes is thus determined by the sequence of the nucleotides in the genome...
enzyme
A protein produced by a living organism capable of catalyzing a chemical reaction Almost all processes in living organisms require some form of enzyme to cause the reactions to occur at a rate sufficient to support life There are a very wide variety of enzymes each specifically catalyzing a different chemical reaction the sum of which cause the bulk of the physiological changes observed as life processes Enzymes like most proteins are synthesized by the protein synthetic mechanism of the living cell at special sites on ribosomes using the genetic information in messenger RNA transcribed from the genetic instructions stored as nuleotide sequences in the DNA or in some viruses the RNA of the genome Some examples of enzymes are pepsin diastase rennet DNA polymerase invertase glucose oxidase protease and ribonuclease There are many other types of enzyme...
frameshift
of pertaining to or causing a type of mutation consisting of the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides in the nucleic acid structure of a gene when the number of base pairs inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three If the addition or deletion occurs in multiples of three the unaffected nucleotides in the genome remain in the proper order frame to be correctly translated into protein in such cases of insertions or deletions not causing a frame shift a functional though altered protein may be produced by the organism Frameshift mutations cause more profound changes in the composition of the protein resulting from translation of the mutated gene...
keratin
A sulfur containing fibrous protein constituting the main structural protein of hard epidermal tissues such as horn hair feathers nails claws hoofs and the like It is an insoluble substance and unlike elastin is not dissolved even by gastric or pancreatic juice By decomposition with sulphuric acid it yields leucine and tyrosine plus various other acid stable amino acids The amino acid composition varies but it usually has a high percentage of cystine which stabilizes and insolubilizes the protein by forming intrachain linkages A softer form of keratin is present in the epidermis and whalebone Called also epidermose...
globin
a colorless protein obtained by removing heme from hemoglobin the protein part of hemoglobin...
Myosin
A protein present in muscle serving as the principle contractile protein in muscle contraction...
Peptone
The soluble polypeptides produced by hydrolysis of protein specifically the soluble peptides into which food is transformed by the action of the gastric and pancreatic juices Peptones are also formed from protein matter by the action of boiling water and boiling dilute acids...
Serine
one of the natural L amino acids obtainable as a white crystalline nitrogenous substance by the action of dilute sulphuric acid on silk gelatin It is found in many proteins and having a free primary hydroxyl group on the side chain is involved in the catalytic action at the active site of some enzymes such as proteases The IUPAC abbreviation for serine in protein sequences is Ser Chemically it is 2 amino 3 hydroxy propanoic acid C3H7NO3 HOCH2CHNH2COOH...
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