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autrefois convict

autrefois convict [Anglo-French, formerly convicted] : a defendant's plea stating that he or she has already been tried for and convicted of the same offense

bankruptcy

collection by creditors. A debtor may file for bankruptcy, which is called “voluntary bankruptcy,” or a creditor may petition the court to declare the debtor bankrupt, which is called “involuntary bankruptcy.” Involuntary bankruptcy is allowed only under

beneficiaries

beneficiaries Aliens on whose behalf a U.S. citizen, legal permanent resident, or employer have filed a petition for such aliens to receive immigration benefits from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Beneficiaries generally receive a

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case number

case number The National Visa Center (NVC) gives each immigrant petition a case number. This number has three letters followed by ten digits (numbers). The three letters are an

chapter 11 (business reorganization)

chapter 11 (business reorganization) A petition designed to reorganize business debt. The business normally is permitted to continue its operations under court supervision until

chapter 7 (individual bankruptcy)

chapter 7 (individual bankruptcy) A petition designed to liquidate the debtor's property, pay off his or her creditors, and discharge the debtor from his

final

appeal has been exhausted and concerning which a writ of certiorari has been denied or the time to petition for certiorari has expired b : being a decision of the Supreme Court of the U.S. that terminates

complaint

complaint 1 : the initial pleading that starts a lawsuit and that sets forth the allegations made by the plaintiff against the defendant and

conditional resident

on a conditional basis (e.g., a spouse of a U.S. citizen; an immigrant investor), who is required to petition for the removal of the set conditions before the second anniversary of the approval of his or her

confess

confess : to admit (as a charge or allegation) as true, proven, or valid [unless you answer, the petition shall be taken as confessed] vi : to make a confession con·fes·sor [kən-fe-sər] n

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