Newspaper Establishment - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: newspaper establishmentNewspaper establishment
Newspaper establishment, means an establishment under the control of any person or body of persons, whether incorporated or not, for the production or publication of one or more newspapers or for conducting any news agency or syndicate and includes newspaper establishments specified as one establishment under the schedule. [Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955 (45 of 1955), s. 2(d)]The definition of the term 'newspaper establishment' is provided for on understanding of the statutory provisions to facilitate brevity and to avoid all that is mentioned in the definition being repeated over and over again. If the Act itself provides for the basis of classification, namely, the taking into consideration the capacity to pay or to any other circumstances which may seem relevant to the person making the representation in relation to his representation as has been specifically provided for in s. 10(2), the recommendatio...
Non-journalist newspaper employee
Non-journalist newspaper employee, means a person employed to do any work in, or in relation to, any newspaper establishment, but does not include any such person who--(i) is a working journalist, or(ii) is employed mainly in a managerial or administrative capacity, or(iii) being employed in a supervisory capacity, performs, either by the nature of the duties attached to his office or by reason of the powers vested in him, functions mainly of a managerial nature. [Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955 (45 of 1955), s. 2 (dd)]...
Working journalist
Working journalist, an ex-employee would be a 'working journalist'. It is clear that the definitions of a 'newspaper employee' and a 'working journalist' have to be construed in the light of and subject to the context requiring otherwise, Bennett Coleman and Co. (P) Ltd. v. Punya Priya Das Gupta, AIR 1970 SC 426: (1969) 2 SCC 1: (1970) 1 SCR 181. [Working Journalists and other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service and Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1955, s. 2(f)]Working journalist, means a person whose principal avocation is that of a journalist and who is employed as such in, or in relation to, any newspaper establishment, and includes an editor, a leader-writer, news editor, sub-editor, feature-writer, copy tester, reporter, correspondent, cartoonist, news-photographers and proof reader. An editor is expressly included in this definition, Management of Rashtradoot v. Rajasthan Working Journalist Union, (1971) 3 SCC 96. [Working Journalists and other Newspaper Employees (Conditio...
Newspaper
Newspaper, means any printed periodical work containing public news or comments on public news and includes such other class of printed periodical work as may, from time to time, be notified in this behalf by the Central Government in the Official Gazette. [Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955 (45 of 1955), s. 2 (b)]The essential pre-requisite of a periodical work containing public news or comments on public news, P.S.V. Iyer v. Commissioner of Sales Tax, AIR 1960 Ori 221 (223). (Orissa Sales Tax Act, 1947)Any paper to be classified as a newspaper, would contain a report of recent events, Commissioner of Sales Taxi v. Express Printing Press, AIR 1983 Bom 190 (192). [Bombay Sales Act, (51 of 1959), s. 2(3)][s. 81, Indian Evidence Act]The expression 'newspaper' as defined in the Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act includes not merely 'public n...
Daily newspaper
Daily newspaper, 'daily newspaper' means a newspaper which is published on not less than six days in a week, and includes any supplement or special edition of such newspaper. [Newspaper (Price and Page) Act, 1956, s. 2(a)]...
Editor and newspaper
Editor and newspaper, have the meanings respectively assigned to them in the Press and Registration of Books Act, 1867 and the expression 'working journalist' has the meaning assigned to it in the Working Journalists and other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscella-neous Provisions Act, 1955 (45 of 1955). [Press Council Act, 1978 (37 of 1978), s. 2 (e)]...
Registered newspaper
Registered newspaper, means a newspaper registered under the Press and Registration of Books Act, 1867. [Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 1976 (49 of 1976), s. 2 (1) (i)]...
Establishment
Establishment, includes a shop, commercial estab-lishment, workshop, farm, residential hotel, restaurant, eating house, theatre or other place of public amusement or entertainment. [Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, s. 2(iv)]1. The act of establishing, the state or condition of being established, 2. An institution or place of business, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 566.It includes any place where any industry is carried on [and where an establishment consists of different departments or have branches, whether situated in the same place or at different places, all such departments or branches shall be treated as part of that establishment. [Apprentices Act, 1961 (52 of 1961), s. 2(g)]It means a corporation established by or under a Central, Provincial or State Act, or an authority or a body owned or controlled or aided by the government or a local authority or a Government company as defined in s. 617 of the Companies Act 1956 and includes Departments of a Gove...
Commercial establishment
Commercial establishment, in the definition of a Commercial Establishment in s. 2 cl. 3 of the U.P. Shops and Commercial Eastblishment Act, 1947, the clerical and other establishments of a factory to whom the provisions of the Factories Act, 1934, do not apply, are included in the connotation of that expression. It is true that the reference in the definition by which clerical and other establish-ments of factories are included is to the Factories Act of 1934, but by virtue of s. 8 of the General Clauses (1987 10 of 1897), it must be construed as a reference to the provisions of the Factories Act LXIII of 1948 which repealed the Factories Act of 1934 and re-enacted it. It is difficult to say that field workers who are employed in guiding, supervising and controlling the growth and supply of sugarcane to be used in the factory are employed either in the precincts of the factory or in the premises of the factory; and if these workers are not employed in a factory, the provisions of the F...
Newly set up establishment
Newly set up establishment, the word 'establish-ment' is also found used in s. 3 and that section clearly indicates that an establishment may consist of different departments or undertakings and it is, therefore, not synonymous with 'undertaking' which has been defined, though in a different context, by this Court in Gymkhana Club Employees' Union v. Management, (1968) 1 SCR 742: AIR 1968 SC 554: (1967) 2 Lab LJ 720 to mean 'any business or any work or any project which one engages in or attempts as an enterprise analogous to business or trade'. The dictionary meaning of 'establishment' as given in Webster International Dictionary includes inter alia 'an institution or place of business, with its fixture and organised staff;as, large establishment, a manufacturing establishment'. 'Establishment' therefore means the whole trading, business or manufacturing apparatus with a separate identifiable existence. This apparatus which is used for the purpose of carrying on trade, business or und...
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