Master And Servant - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: master and servantMaster and servant
Master and servant, a relation whereby a person calls in the assistance of others, where his own skill and labour are not sufficient to carry out his own business or purpose. See LABOURERS.Servants are of several descriptions:- 1st Servants in husbandry. These are very generally hired by the year, as from Michaelmas to Michaelmas, and this is an entire hiring for a year; and, unless otherwise stipulated, no wages are payable until the end of the year. Consult Burn's Justice, tit. 'Servants.'2nd Servants in particular trades. These (who are now more frequently termed 'workmen,' their masters being termed 'employers') are subject to the control of the magistrates under the (English) Employers and Workmen Act, 1875 (38 & 39 Vict. c. 90), and by the Truck Acts (see that title) their wages must be paid in coin.3rd Apprentices. These are placed with the master to learn his trade, with a view hereafter of following it themselves. See APPRENTICE.4th Menial or domestic servants. If no terms be ...
Master, servant and pradhan
Master, servant and pradhan, A Pradhan cannot be considered as a servant of the Govt. He is an elected representative. There is no contractual relationship between him and the Govt. much less the relationship of master and servant, Sub-Divisional Officer v. Shambhoo Narain Singh, AIR 1970 SC 140 (142): (1970) 1 SCR 151: (1969) 1 SCC 825....
Servant
Servant, is a person who, by contract or operation of law, is for a limited period subject to the authority or control of another person in particular trade, business or occupation, A Treatise on the Law of Master and Servant, H.G. Wood, 2nd Edn., 1886, p. 1.Means a person who is employed by another to do work under the control and directions of the employer, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1372....
Servants
Servants. See MASTER AND SERVANT....
Common employment
Common employment. The general rule that a master is liable for damage caused by the negligence of his servant has the exception that where the person injured is the fellow-servant of and engaged in common employment with the person whose negligence causes the injury, the master is not liable in an action at Common law. The principle upon which the exception rests is that 'a servant who engages for the performance of services for compensation does as an implied part of the contract take upon himself, as between himself and his master, the natural risks and perils incident to the performance of such services; the presumption of law being that the compensation was adjusted accordingly, or, in other words, that these risks are considered in the wages' [per Balckburn, J., Morgan v. Vale of Neath R. Co., (1864) 5 B&S 578]. For review of cases, see Bray, J., in Cribb v. Kynoch, Ltd., (1907) 2 KB 548. The doctrine applies in spite of difference in rank or grade between the two servants, e.g.,...
Negligence
Negligence, acting carelessly, a question of law or fact or of mixed fact and law, depending entirely upon the nature of a duty, which the person charged with negligence has failed to comply with or perform in the particular circumstance of each case. A very convenient classification has been formulated corresponding to the degree of negligence entailing liability measured by the degree of care undertaken or required in each case, i.e., (1) ordinary, which is the want of ordinary diligence; (2) slight, the want of great diligence; and (3) gross, the want of slight diligence. A smaller degree of negligence will render a person liable for injury to infants than in the case of adults, see Cooke v. Midland Great Western Railway, 1909 AC 229; and Glasgow Corporation v. Taylor, (1922) 1 AC 44. There is also a peculiar duty to take precaution in the case of dangerous Articles, see Dominion Natural Gas Co. v. Collins, 1909 AC 640. This case should be distinguished from the principle in Fletche...
Master, servant and independent contractor
Master, servant and independent contractor, A master is one who not only prescribes to the workman the end of his work, but directs or at any moment may direct the means also, or, as it has been put, 'retains the power of controlling the work', a servant is a person to the command of his master as to the manner in which he shall do his work............An independent contractor is one who undertakes to produce a given result but so that in the actual execution of the work he is not under the order or control of the person for whom he does it, any may use his own discretion in things not specified beforehand............' (Pollock on Torts), Shivanandan Sharma v. Punjab National Bank Ltd., AIR 1955 SC 404 (409)....
Trade Union
Trade Union. The Acts 30 & 31 Vict. cc. 8, 74, provided for facilitating the proceedings of a commission appointed by Queen Victoria to inquire into and report on the organization and rules of trade unions, and other associations of employers and workmen. The (English) Trade Union Act, 1871 (34 & 35 Vict. c. 31), provides:-S. 2. 'The purposes of any trade union shall not, by reason merely that they are in restraint of trade, be deemed to be unlawful, so as to render any member of such trade union liable to criminal prosecution for conspiracy or otherwise.'S. 3. 'The purposes of any trade union shall not, by reason merely that they are in restraint of trade, be unlawful so as to render void or voidable any agreement or trust.'S. 4. 'Nothing in this Act shall enable any court to entertain any legal proceeding instituted with the object of directly enforcing or recovering damages for breach of any of the following agreements, namely,(1) Any agreement between members of a trade union as su...
Fellow - servant
Fellow - servant, At Common Law a master is not liable to his servant for injury caused by the negligence of a fellow-servant, Priestly v. Fowler, (1837) 3 M. & W. 1, but this state of the law was altered by the (English) Employers Liability Act, 1880 (43 & 44 Vict. c. 42), at first limited to expire on the 31st December, 1887, but since continued by successive (English) Expiring Laws Continuance Acts. See COMMON EMPLOYMENT; WORK-MEN'S COMPENSATION ACT. At Common Law a master is not liable to his servant for injury caused by the negligence of a fellow-servant, Priestly v. Fowler, (1837) 3 M. & W. 1, but this state of the law was altered by the (English) Employers Liability Act, 1880 (43 & 44 Vict. c. 42), at first limited to expire on the 31st December, 1887, but since continued by successive (English) Expiring Laws Continuance Acts. See COMMON EMPLOYMENT; WORK-MEN'S COMPENSATION ACT....
Agent and servant
Agent and servant, an agent has to be distinguished on the one hand from a servant and on the other from an independent contractor. A servant acts under the direct control and supervision of his master and is bound to conform to all reasonable orders given in the course of his work.... An agent though bound to exercise his authority in accordance with all lawful instructions which may be given to him from time to time by principal, is not subject in its exercise to the direct control or supervision of the principal, Qamar Shaffi Tyabji v. CEPT, AIR 1960 SC 1269 (1271): (1960) 3 SCR 546.A servant acts under the direct control and supervision of the master, and is bound to conform to all reasonable orders given to him in the course of his work...An agent though bound to exercise his authority in accordance with all lawful instructions which may be given to him from time to time by his principal , is not subject in its exercise to the direct control or supervision of the principal, Chandi...
- << Prev.
- Next >>
Sign-up to get more results
Unlock complete result pages and premium legal research features.
Start Free Trial