Judicial Decision - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: judicial decisionJudicial decision
Judicial decision, a judicial decision is merely a decision which is in fact exercised by the courts in accordance with strict legal procedure, whereas a quasi-judicial decision is given by an administrator or an administrative court entitled to follow its own procedure provided only that the rules of natural justice are observed, Firm of S. Mohd. Ali and Sons v. V. Madhavarao, AIR 1964 AP 132.The requisites of a judicial decision or act thus: If, (a) a competent authority, not being a court in the ordinary sense, (b) has power to give a binding and authoritative decision, (c) after hearing evidence and opposition and upon consideration of facts and circumstances, and (d) imposing liability or affecting the rights of the parties, there is a duty to act judicially, Parduman Singh v. State of Punjab, AIR 1958 Punj 63.A true judicial decision presupposes an existing dispute between two or more parties and then involves four requisites:-(1) The Presentation (not necessarily orally) of thei...
Quasi judicial
Quasi judicial, the expression 'quasi judicial' is not always used with clarity and accurately. Custo-dian, though not a court in the ordinary sense, is an authority which exercises judicial functions or functions analogous to the judicial, and thus he is described as a 'quasi judicial' authority, Parduman Singh v. State of Punjab, AIR 1958 Punj 63.It is a term that is ............ not easily definable. In the United States, the phrase often covers judicial decisions taken by an administrative agency -- the test is the nature of the tribunal rather than what it is doing. In England quasi-judicial belongs to the administrative category and is used to cover situations where the administrator is bound by the law to observe certain forms and possibly hold a public hearing but where he is a free agent in reaching the final decision. If the rules are broken, the determination may be set aside, but it is not sufficient to show that the administration is biasedin favour of a certain policy, or...
Judicial activism
Judicial activism, means a philosophy of judicial decision-making whereby judges allow their personal views about public policy, among other factors, to guide their decisions, usu. with the suggestion that adherents of this philosophy tend to find constitutional violations and are willing to ignore precedent, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 850....
Landmark decision
Landmark decision, means a judicial decision that significantly changes existing law, Brown v. Board of Edu., 347 U.S. 483: 74 SCT 686 (1954)....
Judicial power
Judicial power, 'judicial power' may be defined as the power to examine questions submitted for determination with a view to the pronouncement of an authoritative decision as to rights and liabilities of one or more parties, Firm of Mohd. Ali and Sons v. V. Madhavarao, AIR 1964 AP 132 (135). (Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, s. 24)The legislatures in India cannot exercise a power which can be described as essentially judicial and not legislative. There has been a lacuna in creating jurisdiction, supplies it, it acts within the legislative field. Where, however, the legislature goes further than this & compels the determination of a case at the hands of a court taking it completely out of reach of the court to make a contrary decision, the matter is one under judicial and not legislative power, Biharilal v. Ramcharan, AIR 1957 MP 165.Means the judicial power which every authority i.e., courts i.e., High Court and subordinate judiciary, established under Chapters V and VI of Part VI and th...
Precedent
Precedent, a decision is a precedent of its own features. Further, the enunciation of the reason or principle on which a question before a court has been decided is alone binding as a precedent, Uttaranchal Road Transport Corporation v. Mansaram Nainwal, (2000) 6 SCC 366.A precedent acquirers added authority from lapse of time, the longer a precedent has remained unquestioned, the more hard it becomes to reverse it. The courts has to adopt a construction of law, which would inevitably result in upsetting titles long founded on the contrary view, Pratap Bahadur Sahi v. Lakshmidhar Singh, AIR 1946 PC 189: 73 IA 231; Vijaya Charari v. Khubchand, AIR 1964 SC 1099.Precedent, are not an immutable dogma. Courts may evolve principles which are applicable to the facts involved in each case, Rumana Begum v. Government of Andhra Pradesh, 1992 Cr LJ 3512.Means every judgment must be based upon facts, declared by the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 to be relevant and duly proved. But when a Judge, in dec...
Judicial, quasi judicial
Judicial, quasi judicial, whether an act is a judicial or a quasi-judicial one or a purely executive act depends on the terms of the particular rules and the nature, scope and effect of the particular powers in exercise of which the act may be done and would, therefore, depend on the facts and circumstances of each case. Where an authority is required to act judically either by an express provision of the statute under which it acts or by necessary implication of the said statute the decisions of such an authority generally amount to quasi-judicial decisions. Where, however, the executive or administrative bodies are not required to act judicially and are competent to deal with issues referred to them administratively, their conclusions cannot be treated as quasi-judicial conclusions, Engineering Mazdoor Sabha v. Hind Cycles Ltd., AIR 1963 SC 874 (878); 1963 Supp (1) SCR 625....
Information
Information, an accusation, or complaint, also, communicated knowledge.Information means any material in any form, including records, documents, memos, e-mails, opinions, advices, press-releases, circulars, orders, logbooks, contracts, reports, papers, samples, models, data material held in any electronic form and information relating to any private body which can be accessed by a public authority under any other law for the time being in force. [Right to Information Act, 2005, s. 2(f)]Information in chancery. Where a suit was instituted on behalf of the Crown or Government, or of those of whom it had the custody by virtue of its prerogative (such as idiots and lunatics), or whose rights are under its particular protection (such as the objects of a public charity), the matter of complaint was offered to the Court by way of information by the Attorney or Solicitor-General, and not by way of petition. When a suit immediately concerned the crown or government alone, the proceeding was pur...
Ratio decidendi
Ratio decidendi, is the rule deducible from the application of law of the facts and circumstances of a case which constitutes its ratio decidendi and not some conclusion based upon facts which may appear to be similar. One additional or different fact can make a world of difference between conclusions in two cases even when the same principles are applied in each case to similar facts, Regional Manager v. Pawan Kumar Dubey, AIR 1976 SC 1766: (1976) 3 SCC 334; Jahangir Khan v. State of Bihar, (1998) 1 Pat LJR 912 (Pat).Ratio decidendi, the ground of a judicial decision. The general reasons or principles of a judicial decision, as abstracted from any peculiarities of the case, are commonly styled, by writers on jurisprudence, the ratio decidendi, Austin's Jurisprudence, p. 648.Every decision contains three basic ingredients: (i) findings of material facts, direct and inferential. An inferential finding of facts is the inference which the Judge draws from the direct, or perceptible facts;...
Judicial review
Judicial review, is not only concerned with the merits of the decision but also of the decision-making process. It intends to protect the individual against the misuse or abuse of the power by a wide range of authorities. Judicial review is a protection to the individual and not at weapon, Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab, (1994) 3 SCC 569 (738).Means to look again main object of granting a review of judgment in reconsideration of the same matter by the same judge under certain conditions (CPC, 1908, s. 114)Judicial Review, is the power of the court to review statutes or administrative acts and determine their constitutionality. The examination of Federal and State Legislative Statutes and the acts of executive officials by the courts to determine their validity according to written Constitution, Dictionary of Political Science, Joseph Dunner, 1965, p. 285.In England the judiciary has no power to review the laws made by Parliament, Limited Government and Judicial Review, D.D. Basu, p. 2...
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