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Home Dictionary Name: joint authors Page: 4Steward of manor
Steward of manor, the lord's deputy, who transacts all the legal and other business connected with the estate, and takes care of the Court-rolls. The office is usually held by the lord's solicitor. The office has been deprived of much of its importance in consequence of the abolition of copyhold tenure by the (English) Law of Property Act, 1922 (see COPYHOLDS). The scale of compensation to the steward of the manor if he was appointed before the 29th June, 1922, is provided for by the 14th Sch. of the (English) Law of Property Act, 1922, and see the (English) L.P. (Amendment) Act, 1924. See also the (English) L.P. Act, 1922, and the (English) Enfranchised Land (Stewards' Fees) Regulations, S.R. & O., 1926, No. 3, as to fees payable to stewards upon extinguishment of manorial incidents and upon the compulsory production of assurance of former copyholds to him. Upon a vacancy for three months in the office and on other occasions the Lord Chancellor may upon default of the lord of the mano...
Quotas
Quotas, is for the purpose of informing the licensing authority that a particular person has been recognised as an established importer for import of certain things. Thereafter, it is for the licensing authority to issue a licence to the quota-holder in accordance with the licensing policy for the half-year with which the licence deals, Joint Chief Controller of Imports and Exports, Madras v. Amichand Mutha, AIR 1966 SC 478....
Sedition
Sedition, an offence against the Crown and govern-ment, not capital, and not amounting to treason. It cannot be tried at Quarter Sessions. See the (English) Unlawful Assemblies Act, 1799 (39 Geo. 3, c. 79); the (English) Seditious Meetings Act, 1817 (57 Geo. 3, c. 19), jointly called the '(English) Corresponding Societies Acts,' and much resembl-ing one another. Registered friendly societies are exempted by s. 32 of the (English) Friendly Societies Acts, 1896 (59 & 60 Vict. c. 25), if transact-ing no business not relating to the objects of the societies; and the (English) Criminal Libel Act, 1819 (60 Geo. 3 & 1 Geo. 4, c. 8). By the (English) Act of 1817, s. 23, which has no parallel in the Act of 1799, political meetings of more than fifty persons within one mile of Westminster Hall, except for parliamentary election purposes, are declared unlawful on any day on which Parliament is sitting. By s. 25 of the Act of 1817, and s. 2 of the Act of 1799, every society or club, the members of...
Justices
Justices, officers deputed by the Crown to ad-minister justice and do right by way of judgment. The judges of the Supreme Court are called justices, but the word is usually applied to petty magistrates who sit to administer summary justice in minor matters, and who are commonly called justices of the peace. They were first appointed in 1327 by 1 Edw. 3, st. 2, c. 16, and are now appointed by the king's special commission under the Great Seal, the form of which was settled by all the judges in 1590, and continues, with little alteration, to this day. Consult Putnam's Early Treatises on the Practice of the Justices of the Peace in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. This appoints them all, jointly and severally, to keep the peace in the county named; and any two or more of them to inquire of and determine felonies and other misdemeanours in such county committed, in which number some particular justices, or one of them, are directed to be always included, and no business done without ...
Gift
Gift. The old text-writers made a gift (donatio) a distinct species of deed, and describe it as a conveyance applicable to the creation of an estate-tail; while a feoffment they strictly confine to the creation of a fee simple estate. The operative verb was 'give,' which no longer implies any covenant in law (Real Property Act, 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 106), s. 4), replaced by the Law of Property Act, 1925, s. 59(2), and the deed required livery of seisin. It is obsolete. See Jac. Law Dict.A gift is now understood to mean a mere voluntary assurance or transfer of property without any consideration being given for it. Such a transaction is apt to be very jealously scrutinized in a Court of Equity, and will be set aside on proof of undue influence (see that title), or of a fiduciary relationship of the donee to the donor, see Huguenin v. Baseley, (1806-8) 14 Ves 273; W. & T. L.C.; Morley v. Loughman, (1893) 1 Ch 736 (757); Lyon v. Home, (1868) LR 6 Eq 655. In the absence of any such objectio...
Federal Government
Federal Government. When two or more sovereign or independent states mutually agree not to exercise certain powers incident to their several sovereignties, but to delegate the exercise of those powers to some person or body chosen by them jointly, there is said to be a federal union of those states, and the person or body to whom the exercise of such powers is delegated is called the Federal Government. The Swiss Confederation, and the United States of North America, are instances of Federal Governments.A (English) Federal Council of Australasia Act (48 & 49 Vict. c. 60), passed in 1885 (see AUSTRALASIA), is now superseded by the federating (English) Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (63 & 64 Vict. c. 12) (see AUSTRALIA), which has repealed it.An effective federation of the British North American Colonies was provided in 1867 by (English) the British North America Act, 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c. 3) (see BRITISH AMERICA), and in 1909 of the Colonies of Cape of Good Hope, Natal, Tra...
Appropriate government
Appropriate government, means in relation to public authority which is established, constituted, owned, controlled or substantially financed by funds provided directly or indirectly--(i) by the Central Government or the Union Territory administration, the Central Government, (ii) by the State Government, the State Government [Right to Information Act, 2005 (22 of 2005), s. 2(a)]The Appropriate Government means, in relation to fees or stamp relating to documents presented or to be presented before any officer serving under the Central Government, that Government, and in relation to any other fees or stamps, the State Government. [Court-Fees Act, 1870 (7 of 1870), s. 1A]Means as respects any matter--(i) enumerated in List II of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution. (ii) relating to any State law enacted under List III of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution. [Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000), s. 2 (1) (e)]Means in relation to any major port the Central Government, an...
Adoption
Adoption, an act by which a person adopts as his own the child of another. Until recently there was no law of adoption in this country though it exists in other countries, as France and Germany, where the civil law (as to which, see Sand. Just.) prevails to any great extent. In 1889 and 1890, Lord Meath introduced Bills in the House of Lords to legalize adoption.By the (English) Adoption of Children Act, 1926 (16 & 17 Geo. 5, c. 29), after the 31st December, 1925, the Court (usually in the Chancery Division) may authorize the adoption of an infant who is under twenty-one years of age, a British subject, and resident in England and Wales, by an applicant who is more than twenty-five years of age, and also twenty-one years older than the infant, unless closely related, and a British subject, resident and domiciled in England or Wales, but a single adopter, only, will be authorized unless two spouses jointly apply. A male may not adopt a female infant unless the court finds special reason...
Assessing Officer
Assessing Officer, means the Deputy Commissioner of Income-tax or the Assistant Commissioner or the Income-tax Officer who is vested with the relevant jurisdiction by virtue of directions or orders issued under sub-s. (1) or sub-s. (2) of s. 120 or any other provision of the Income-tax Act which apply for the purposes of wealth-tax under s. 8 of this Act and also the Joint Commissioner who is directed under clause (b) of sub-s. (4) of the said s. 120 to exercise or perform all or any of the powers and functions conferred on or assigned to the Assessing Officer under that Act. [Wealth-tax Act, 1957 (27 of 1957), s. 2 (ca)]...
Company
Company [fr. compagnia, Ital., which word is still printed on Bank of England notes as 'compa'], a body of persons associated for purposes of busi-ness, sometimes, but not now so frequently as some years ago, styled a Joint Stock Company.A company has its origin either (1) in a charter, as the Bank of England and many insurance companies; or (2) in a special Act of Parliament, with which, as authorizing an undertaking of a public nature such as a railway, the Companies Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 16), is necessarily incorporated; or (3) in registration under the Companies Acts, 1862 and subsequent Acts, now consolidated into the (English) Companies Act, 1925 (19 & 20 Geo. 5, c. 23).By s. 13 of the Act of 1925 (1) on the registration of the memorandum of a company the registrar shall certify under his hand that the company is incorporated and, in the case of a limited company, that the company is limited. (2) From the date of incorporation mentioned in the certificat...
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