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Richard Roe

or whose true name is being withheld ;esp : the second of two such parties compare jane roe, john doe

Jane Roe

party to a legal proceeding whose true identity is unknown or whose true name is being withheld compare john doe, richard roe

fictitious name

fictitious name : a name (as John Doe) used in a complaint when the party's name is unknown at the time of filing or when the

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Material alteration

may otherwise prejudice the party bound by the deed as originally executed, Loonkaran Sethia v. Mr. Ivan E. John, AIR 1977 SC 336 (347): (1977) 1 SCC 379: (1977) 1 SCR 853. The material alterations contemplate change … a time tenants make minor constructions and alterations for the convenient use of the tenanted accommodation. The legislature does not provide for their eviction; instead, the construction so made would furnish ground for eviction only when they

Law

(1969) 2 SCC 43. An executive order cannot be regarded as existing law or 'law in force', K.O. John v. State, AIR 1956 Trav 117. It includes any Act of Parliament or of a State Legislature, Ordinances … valid law, namely, (1) that the appropriate legislature has competency to make the law; and (2) that it does not take away or abridge any of the fundamental rights enumerated in Part III of the Constitution, Kavalappara

Judicial

competent authority, upon consideration of facts and circumstances and imposing liability or affecting the rights of others, Regina John M'Evoy v. Dublin Corpn., (1878) 2 LR Ir 371. Has two meanings. It may refer to the discharge … character perform func-tions resembling those of Courts, Bhailal Jagadish v. Additional Deputy Commissioner, AIR 1953 Nag 89. Judicial, does not necessarily mean acts of a Judge or Legal Tribunal sitting for the determination of matters of law,

Regulation

Act. Rules cannot be made to supplant the provisions of the enabling Act but to supplement it, St. John Teachers Training Institute v. Regional Director, NCERT, AIR 2003 SC 1533 (1539): (2003) 3 SCC 321. Regulation, the … controlling by rule or restriction, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1289. The word 'free' in Article 301 does not mean free-dom from regulation. There is a clear distinction between laws interfering with freedom to carry out

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