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Appointment of persons to be and the posting

the words 'appointment of persons to be and the posting' in article 233 have been held to mean initial appointment by direct recruitment of persons to be District Judges and the posting mentioned there is the initial

Verify

electronic record or public key, with its grammatical variations and cognate expression means to determine whether: (a) the initial electronic record was affixed with the digital signature by the use of private key corresponding to the public

Cognizance

Magistrate or a Judge first takes judicial notice of an offence. It is entirely a different thing from initiation of proceedings; rather it is the condition precedent to the initiation of proceedings by the Magistrate or the

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Control

may, however, be treated as exercising control if the resolution is passed as part of a pre-planned scheme initiated by them, Floor v. Davis (Inspector of Taxes), (1978) Ch 295 (311-312). Suggests check, restraint or influence, Control

Entertain

1 SCC 732. Means 'to adjudicate upon' or 'to proceed to consider on merits' and did not means initiation of proceed-ing, Hindusthan Commercial Bank, AIR 1968 SC 468: (1968) 1 SCR 505: 21 STC 154; Martin &

Falsely charges

accused person during the course of a criminal trail. 'To falsely charge' must refer to the criminal or initial accusation putting or seeking to put in motion the machinery of criminal investigation and not when seeking to

Litigation

Litigation, judicial contest; law-suit. The expression 'litigation' means a legal action including all proceedings therein, initiated in a court of law with the purpose of enforcing a right or seeking a remedy, Janata Dal

Take cognisance

Take cognisance, means taking notice of an offence. This would include the intention of initiating judicial proceedings against the offender in respect of that offence or taking steps to see whether there is

Trespasser

or permission for instance to a shop or cinema theatre, or marriage hall to celebrate a marriage his initial entry is lawful but if he refuses to leave that place and unlawfully squats on it, he becomes

Publicity pamphlet

A pamphlet which in some States of the United States having the initiative or referendum is mailed to the voters to inform them as to the nature of a measure submitted

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