Express And Implied Authority - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: express and implied authorityExpress and implied authority
Express and implied authority, an authority is said to be express when it is given by words spoken or written. An authority is said to be implied when it is to be inferred from the circumstances of the case; and things spoken or written, or the ordinary course of dealing, may be accounted circumstances of the case (Contract Act, 1872, s. 187)....
Agent
Agent, a person acting for another, whether by his express or implied authority, the general rule being, that whatever a person may do himself, that he may, as 'principal,' authorize another to do for him, and in accordance with the maxim, qui facit per alium facit per se, to fix him with the same liability in contract or tort as if he had done it himself. See BROKER, FACTOR, MERCANTILE AGENT, VICARIOUS RESPONSIBILITY, and consult Bowstead on Agency or Evans on Principal and Agent.Where the principal is disclosed, only the principal can be sued. Where the principal is not disclosed, but the agent acts as agent, either the agent or the principal, when disclosed, can be sued. If an agent represents himself as such, and contract for an undisclosed and unascertained principal, his contract may be ratified by the principal when disclosed and ascertained.Agent is a person appointed to carry on a business under the powers of a committee of a person incapable of managing his affairs or under a...
authority
authority pl: -ties 1 : an official decision of a court used esp. as a precedent 2 a : a power to act esp. over others that derives from status, position, or office [the of the president] ;also : jurisdiction b : the power to act that is officially or formally granted (as by statute, corporate bylaw, or court order) [within the scope of the treasurer's ] [police officers executing a warrant…are not required to “knock and announce” their and purposes before entering "National Law Journal"] c : power and capacity to act granted by someone in a position of control ;specif : the power to act granted by a principal to his or her agent actual authority : the authority that a principal in reality has granted to an agent actual express authority : the actual authority of an agent specifically stated or written by the principal actual implied authority : the actual authority of an agent that the principal has not specified but has purposely or through negligence a...
Employer
Employer, means (i) a company; (ii) a firm; (iii) an association of persons or a body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, but excluding any fund or trust or institution eligible for exemption under clause (23C) of section 10 or registered under section 12AA; (iv) a local authority; and (v) every artificial judicial person, not falling within any of the preceding sub-clauses. [Income-tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961), s. 115W(a)]Employer, means:A person who controls and direct a worker under an express or implied contract of hire and who pays the workers salary or wages, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn.(a) in relation to contract labour, the principal employer, and(b) in relation to other labour, the person who has the ultimate control over the affairs of any establishment or who has, by reason of his advancing money, supplying goods or otherwise, a substantial interest in the control of the affairs of any establishment, and includes any other person to whom the affairs of the establi...
Husband and wife
Husband and wife. the Common Law treated them, for most purposes, as one person, giving, with exceptions comparatively unimportant, the whole of a woman's property to her husband for his absolute use, and a husband could not make a grant to his wife at the Common Law, though he might do so: (1) under the Statute of Uses, by granting an estate to another person for her use; (2) by creating a trust in her favour; (3) by the custom of particular places; (4) by surrendering copyholds to her use; and (5) by will.Equity, however, from very early times, by the doctrines of 'separate use,' 'trusts,' and 'equity to a settlement,' very largely modified the Common Law in favour of the wife; and the statute law has, by s. 1 of the Law Reform (Married Women and Tortfeasors Act), 1935 (25 & 26 Geo. 5, c. 30), almost completely abolished the property distinction between an unmarried and a married woman. See MARRIED WOMEN'S PROPERTY.At Common Law, a gift of either realty or personal-ity to a husband a...
Actual authority
Actual authority, means the authority that a principal intentionally confers on an agent, including the authority that the agent reasonably believes he or she has as a result of the agent's dealings with the principal. Actual authority can be either express or implied, Black Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 27....
Necessaries
Necessaries, a relative term, not strictly limited to such things as are absolutely requisite for support and subsistence, but to be construed liberally, and varying with the state and degree, the rank, fortune, and age of the person to whom they are supplied, Wharton v. Mackenzie, (1845) 5 QB 606. It has often been held that an infant is bound to pay a reasonable price for such necessary things as relate to his maintenance and education--as food, lodging, apparel, medical attendance, schooling and instruction--unless credit be given solely to the parent, which is presumed to be the fact it if appears that the infant was placed at school or is supported by him: see Co. Litt. 172 a; Ryder v. Wombwell, (1868) LR 4 Ex. 32; Barnes v. Toye, (1884) 13 QBD 410; Roberts v. Gray, (1913)1 KB 520; and INFANT.Where 'necessaries,' that is, goods suitable to the condition in life' of an infant, 'and to his actual requirements at the time of the sale and delivery,' 'are sold and delivered to an infan...
Blank transfer
Blank transfer, in such blank transfers, the name of the transferor is entered, and the transfer deed signed by the transferor is handed over with the share scrip to the transferee, who, if he so chooses, completes the transfer by entering his name and then applying to the company to register his name in place of the previous holder of the share, Howrah Trading Co v. CIT, AIR 1959 SC 775 (778). [Income-tax Act (11 of 1922) s. 18(5)]--A deed executed with the name of a transferee or vendee in blank is void; but the lender will have an equitable security, Colonial Bank v. Whinney, (1884) 26 CD 257, and this principle is applicable to transfers of shares in companies transferable only by deed; but if transferable under hand only the transfer may be filled in by any one having express authority, or authority to be implied from the nature of the transaction, Hibblewhite v. McMorine, 6 M&W 200, and Powell v. London, etc. Bank, (1893) 2 Ch 555.If in a will the name of a legatee is left blank,...
Agency
Agency, the relation which exists between one person, called 'the principal' and another person called 'the agent' who, by his authority, express or implied, acts on his behalf. See AGENT...
Revocation of agency
Revocation of agency. An agency is dissolved or determined in several ways:-(I) by the act of the principal, either(a) Express, as(1) By direct and formal writing, publicly a advertised;(2) By informal writing to the agent privately;(3) By parol; or(b) Implied from circumstances as by appointing another person to do the same act, where the authority of both would be incompatible.The exceptions to the power of the principal to revoke his agent's authority at mere pleasure are--(1) When the principal has expressly stipulated that the authority shall be irrevocable, and the agent has also an interest in its execution.(2) Where an authority or power is coupled with an interest, or is given for a valuable consideration, or is a part of a security, unless there is an express stipulation that it shall be revocable.(3) When an agent's act in pursuance of his authority has become obligatory, for nemo potest mutare consilium suum in alterius injuriam.(II.) By the agent's giving notice to his pri...
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