Exchequer - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: exchequerexchequer
exchequer [Anglo-French eschecker eschequ(i)er, from Old French eschequier royal treasury, reckoning board or cloth marked with squares, literally, chessboard, from eschec chess] 1 cap : a royal office in medieval England at first responsible for the collection and management of the royal revenue and later for the adjudication of revenue cases 2 cap : a former superior court having law and equity jurisdiction in England and Wales over primarily revenue cases and now merged with the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice called also Court of the Exchequer NOTE: The Exchequer was created in England by the Norman kings. In addition to being divided into a court of common law and a court of equity, at one point the Exchequer also had jurisdiction over all actions, except those involving real property, between two subjects of the Crown. In 1841, the Exchequer's equity jurisdiction, except over revenue cases, was transferred to the Court of Chancery, and in 1881 the Exchequ...
Exchequer bills
Exchequer bills, bills of credit issued by the Government under authority of Parliament, and forming part of the 'Unfunded Debt' of the country. They are for various sums, and bear interest according to the usual rate at the time. the advances of the Bank to Government are made upon Exchequer bills; and the daily transactions between the Bank and Government are principally carried on through their intervention. See (English) Exchequer Bills and Bonds Act, 1866 (29 Vict. c. 25), consolidating and amending the Acts dating from 48 Geo. 3, c. 1, which regulated the preparation, issue, and payment of exchequer bills and bonds. See also 52 Vict. c. 6; 5 & 6 Geo. 5, c. 55, and subsequent Acts. Their place has now largely been taken by Treasury bills. See that title....
Barons of the Exchequer
Barons of the Exchequer, the judges of the old Court of 'The Exchequer of Pleas' at Westminster. See EXCHEQUER, COURT OF....
Chief Baron of the Exchequer
Chief Baron of the Exchequer, the presiding judge in the court of Exchequer, and afterwards in the Exchequer Division of the High Court of Justice. In 1881, after the death of Lord Chief Baron Kelly, the office was abolished by Order in Council under s. 31 of the Jud. Act, 1873, and merged in that of Lord Chief Justice of England....
Exchequer, Court of
Exchequer, Court of [fr. eschequier, Nor. Fr.; scaccarium, Low Lat.; a treasure], consisted of two divisions, a Court of Revenue, and a Court of Common Law, having also an equitable jurisdiction, which, except when it sat as a Court of Revenue was transferred to the Court of Chancery by 5 Vict. c. 5. See A.-G. v. Halling, (1846) 15 M&W 687. As a Court of Revenue it ascertained, and enforced by proceedings appropriate to the case, the proprietary rights of the Crown against the subjects of the realm. To proceed against a person in this department of the Court was called to exchequer him. As a Court of Common Law (after having obtained jurisdiction by the fiction of quominus (see QUOMINUS)), it administered redress between subject and subject in all actions whatever, except real action. It was a Court of Record, and its judges were six (formerly five) in number, consisting of one chief and five (formerly four) puisne barons. This Court was made a Division of the High Court of Justice (Ju...
Court of the Exchequer
Court of the Exchequer :exchequer ...
Cursitor Baron of the Exchequer
Cursitor Baron of the Exchequer, an officer whose business it was to pass the accounts of the sheriffs, etc. See Manning;s Exchequer Practice, p. 322 and note. The office was abolished by 19 & 20 Vict. c. 86....
Exchequer Chamber, Court of
Exchequer Chamber, Court of, a tribunal of error and appeal.First, it existed in former times as a Court of mere debate, such causes from the other Courts being sometimes adjourned into it as the judges upon argument found to be of great weight and difficulty, before any judgment was given upon them in the Court below. It then consisted of all the judges of the three Superior Courts of Common Law, and at times the Lord Chancellor also.Second, it existed as a Court of Error, where the judgments of each of the Superior Courts of Common Law, in all actions whatever, were subject to revision by the judges of the other two, sitting collectively. See 27 Eliz. c. 8 (error from Queen's Bench), and 11 Geo. 4 & 1 Wm. 4, c. 70, s. 8 (error from the three Courts). The composition of this Court consequently admitted of three different combinations, consisting of any two of the Courts below which were not parties to the judgment appealed against. There was no given number required to constitute the ...
Exchequer division
Exchequer division. A division of the High Court of Justice, to which the special business of the Court of Exchequer was specially assigned by s. 34 of the (English) Judicature Act, 1873. Merged in the King's Bench Division by Order in Council under s. 31 of that Act, made in February, 1881. See now (English) Jud. Act, 1925, s. 4....
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Exchequer, a Minister of State having special care of the revenue, who is entitled to precedence in the High Court on the nomination of sheriffs....
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