Constructive Treason - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: constructive treasonConstructive treason
Constructive treason, an attempt to establish treason by circumstantiality and not by the simple genuine letter of the law, and therefore highly dangerous to public freedom, Erskine's Defence of Lord George Gordon; 3 Hall, Const. Hit. c. xv. See TREASON....
Treason
Treason [fr. trahir, Fr., to betray; proditio, Lat.], or leze-majesty, an offence against the duty of allegiance, and the highest known crime, for it aims at the very destruction of the commonwealth itself. Five species of treason are declared by the Treason Act, 1351, or 'Statute of Treasons' (25 Edw. 3, st. 5, c. 2), as follows:-(1) When a man doth compass or imagine the death of our lord the king (a queen regnant is within these words), of our lady his queen or of their eldest son and heir.(2) If a man do violate the king's companion (i.e., his wife), or the king's eldest daughter unmarried, or the wife of the king's eldest son and heir.(3) If a man do levy war against our lord the king in his realm. (After a battle has taken place, it is termed bellum percussum; before it, bellum levatum.)(4) If a man be adherent to the king's enemies in his realm, giving to them aid or comfort in the realm or elsewhere.(5) If a man slay the chancellor, treasurer, or the king's justices assigned to...
Treason felony
Treason felony, means an act that shows an intention of committing treason, unaccompanied by any further act to carry out that intention, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 1507.Treason felony. Treason-felony is, like treason, a purely statutory offence. by the Treason-Felony Act, 1848, s. 3, as read with s. 30 of the Interpretation Act, 1889, 'If any person shall, within the United Kingdom or without, compass to depose the King, or to levy war against him, within any part of the United Kingdom, in order to compel him to change his counsels, or in order to intimidate or overawe Parliament, or to stir any foreigner with force to invade the United Kingdom, or any other His Majesty's dominions, and such compassings shall express by writing, or by open or advised speaking, or by any overt act, he shall be guilty of felony.'...
High treason
High treason. Since petit treason was abolished by 9 Geo. 4, c. 31, s. 2, the correlative term high is not now usually retained when speaking of this highest civil crime. It is merely denominated treason. See TREASON....
Petit treason
Petit treason, treason of a lesser kind, as if a servant killed his master, a wife her husband, a secular or religious man his prelate. But by 9 Geo. 4, c. 31, s. 2, every offence which, before the passing of the Act, would have amounted to petit treason, is deemed murder only....
Construction
Construction, 'construction' does not necessarily mean construction over the land which must rise above the surface of the land in all contingencies, Jnanedaya Yogam v. K.K. Pankajashy, AIR 1999 SC 3891 (3895): (1999) 9 SCC 492. [Land Acquisition Act, (1 of 1894), s. 40(1)(b)]As to construction of statutes, see ACT OF PARLIAMENT; and of contracts, see Chitty on Contracts, Ch. v.; and of deeds, see Norton on Interpretation of Deeds.Partem aliquam recte intelligere nemo potest, antequam totum, iterum atque iterum, perlegerit. 3 Rep. 52.--(No one can rightly understand any part until he has read the whole again and again.)In contractibus benigna; in testamentis, benignior; in restitutionibus, benignissima interpretatio facienda est. Co. Lit. 112.--(In contracts, the construction ought to be liberal; in wills, more liberal; in restitutions, most liberal.)Includes any construction in place of an existing building which has been wholly or substantially demolished, Lal Chand v. District Judge...
Constructive notice
Constructive notice. The knowledge which is imputed to a party: (a) if he omits to make the usual and proper inquiry into the title of property which he has purchased; (b) if he omits to investigate some fact which has been brought to his notice suggesting the existence of such title or claim; (c) if he deliberately refrains from inquiry in order to avoid notice. See Halsbury, L.E., vol. 13, and the person affected with constructive notice takes, if at all, subject to the title or claim, whether he knew of it or not; for instance, a purchaser of land who is satisfied to take a shorter title than he could call for by statute is affected by notice of all trusts and equities of which he would have had notice if he had seen the full title. See Cox and Neve's Contract, (1891) 2 Ch 109; Patman v. Harland, (1881) 17 CD 353 illustrates the doctrine. It was there held that: (a) notice of a material document is notice of its contents, and (b) although the (English) Vendor and Purchaser Act, 1874...
Encroachment and unauthorised construction
Encroachment and unauthorised construction, there is a distinction between the two concept namely unauthorised construction and raising of construc-tion or encroached land. As far as the first facet is concerned, it fundamentally conveys that a con-struction has been raised without obtaining approved plan or map from the competent au-thority, raising of construction in total transversion of the master plan and rasing of a construction without sanctioned plan or map and in deviation in the construction which are within the compound-able on one's own land. As far as the second facet i.e. construction on the raising land is concerned it is construction raised by a person on the land of the State Government or any public authority, Panital Chowk v. State of Madhya Pradesh, AIR 1906 NOC 299....
Constructive total loss
Constructive total loss, a term used in the law of marine insurance to denote a loss which entitles the assured to claim the whole amount of his insurance, on giving to the assurers notice of abandonment. Generally there is a constructive total loss when the subject-matter assured has not actually perished or lost its form or species, but has, by one of the perils insured against, been reduced to such a state or placed in such a position as to make its total destruction, though not inevitable, yet highly imminent, or its ultimate arrival under the terms of the policy, though not utterly hopeless, yet exceedingly doubtful. In such a case the assured, by giving notice within a reasonable time to the assurers of abandonment, i.e., the relinquishment of all his right to whatever may be saved, is entitled to recover against them as for a total loss.If notice is not given, the loss is treated as a partial loss unless the ship in fact has become a total loss or if there would be no possibilit...
Constructive trust
Constructive trust, a trust which the Court elicits by a construction put upon certain acts of parties. It arises upon a vendor's lien or charge upon land sold for unpaid purchase money, and generally, when an estate is subject to a trust or equitable interest or lien, and a person purchases it for value, with either actual or constructive notice of it, the estate will still be subject to the trust or equitable interest in the hands of such a purchaser.The doctrine of constructive trusts also arises upon the renewal of a lease by a trustee, or person having a limited interest, in his own name, even in the absence of fraud and upon the refusal of the lessor to grant a new lease to the cestui que trust or expectant; for such renewed lease is held upon trust for the person beneficially entitled to the old lease or the expectant, in order to prevent persons in fiduciary situations from acting so as to take a benefit for themselves. This doctrine is extended to the renewal of leases by one ...
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