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Letters patent

Letters patent, is derived from Latin word 'literae patentes.' The letters patent are so called because 'they are open letters; they are not sealed up, but exposed to view, with the great seal pendant at the bottom; and are usually directed or addressed by the king to all his subjects at large. And therein they differ from certain other letter of the king, sealed also with the great seal, but directed to particular persons, and for particular purposes, which therefore, not being proper for public inspection, are closed up and sealed on the outside, and are thereupon called writs close, literae clause, and are recorded in the close-rolls, in the same manner as the others are in the patent-rolls.' (See Blackstones Commentaries on the Laws of England, volume II, pages 284-285), P.V. Hemlatha v. K.P.M. Saheeda, AIR 2002 SC 2445 (2457): (2002) 5 SCC 548. [Civil Procedure Code, s. 98(3)]Means letters patent are open letters; they are not sealed up, but exposed to view, with the great seal pe...


closing argument

closing argument : the final address to the jury by the attorney for each side of a case in which the attorney usually summarizes the evidence and his or her client's position called also closing statement final argument summation summing-up NOTE: Rule 29.1 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure requires the prosecution to open the closing argument after the closing of the evidence. The defense replies, and the prosecution may offer a rebuttal. ...


Close

To stop or fill up as an opening to shut as to close the eyes to close a door...


summing-up

summing-up : closing argument ...


up front charges

up front charges the fees charged to homeowners by the lender at the time of closing a mortgage loan. This includes points, broker's fees, insurance, and other charges. Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ...


close

close closed clos·ing vt 1 : to bring to an end or to a state of completion [closed the case] [ an estate by liquidating its assets] [closing his account] 2 : to conclude discussion or negotiation about ;also : to bring to completion by performing something previously agreed [closing a merger] [ the property sale] vi 1 : to enter into or complete an agreement (as for the sale of real estate) [they closed on the house] 2 : to come to an end or to a state of completion [after the class closes, the trust shall continue…until the death of the last surviving member of the class "Louisiana Revised Statutes"] n : an enclosed area [break another's ] ...


Winding-up

Winding-up, the process by which an insolvent estate is distributed, as far as it will go, amongst the persons having claims upon it. The term is most frequently applied to the winding-up of joint-stock companies.The property of a company is collected and distributed firstly in discharge of its liabilities, and secondly, among its members according to their respective rights with a view to its dissolution. If the assets are not sufficient to meet the liabilities, a company is usually wound up by the Court. In other cases the winding-up is usually voluntary and conducted by the company itself either with or without the supervision of the Court. The provisions of the (English) Companies Act, 1929, govern a winding-up in any of these three modes (s. 156). In any winding-up the members who may be called upon to contribute are ascertained and their liability determined under ss. 157-162; see CONTRIBUTORIES. Debts and claims of all kinds require to be proved and if not of certain value to be...


closing costs

closing costs fees for final property transfer not included in the price of the property. Typical closing costs include charges for the mortgage loan such as origination fees, discount points, appraisal fee, survey, title insurance, legal fees, real estate professional fees, prepayment of taxes and insurance, and real estate transfer taxes. A common estimate of a Buyer's closing costs is 2 to 4 percent of the purchase price of the home. A common estimate for Seller's closing costs is 3 to 9 percent. Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ...


closing

final or ending terminal as the closing stages of the election the closing weeks of the year the closing scene of the film closing remarks Opposite of opening...


Voluntary winding up and winding up by the court

Voluntary winding up and winding up by the court, the expressions 'voluntary winding up' and 'winding up by the Court' have acquired a technical meaning in our Company and Insurance jurisprudence. Like the Co-operative Society Laws, the Companies Act and the Insurance Act also make a distinction between the cessation of business by a company and its voluntary winding up or winding up by an order of the Court. There is nothing unequivocal in s. 15(a) of the Act to show that Parliament intended to depart from the technical meaning of 'voluntary winding up' and 'winding up by the Court' and to bid a good-bye to the distinction in our Company and Insurance jurisprudence between mere cessation of business by a company and its voluntary winding up or winding up by an order of the Court. The phrase 'voluntarily wound up' in the first limb would mean the voluntary winding up of an insurance public company in accordance with s. 54 of the Insurance Act, The Neptune Assurance Co. Ltd.v. Union of ...


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