Changed Circumstances - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: changed circumstances Page: 3Bailment
Bailment [fr. bailler, Fr., to deliver], a compendious expression to signify a contract resulting from delivery; perhaps best defined as a 'delivery of a thing in trust for some special object or person, and upon a contract express or implied, to conform to the object or purpose of the trust.'In the celebrated case of Coggs v. Bernard, (1704) Ld Raym 909; 1 Sm L C, Lord Holt divided bailments thus:-(1) Depositum, or a naked bailment of goods, to be kept for the use of the bailor.A restaurant keeper has been held liable for loss of an overcoat entrusted by a customer to a waiter, Ultzen v. Nicols, (1894) 1 QB 92; Orchard v. Bush & Co., (1898) 2 QB 284.(2) Commodatum. Where goods or chattels that are useful are lent to the bailee gratis, to be used by him. See Coughlin v. Gillison, (1899) 1 QB 145.(3) Locatio rei. Where goods are lent to the bailee to be used by him for hire.(4) Vadium. Pawn or pledge.(5) Locatio operis faciendi. Where goods are delivered to be carried, or something is t...
fact
fact [Latin factum deed, real happening, something done, from neuter of factus, past participle of facere to do, make] 1 : something that has actual existence : a matter of objective reality 2 : any of the circumstances of a case that exist or are alleged to exist in reality : a thing whose actual occurrence or existence is to be determined by the evidence presented at trial see also finding of fact at finding, judicial notice question of fact at question, trier of fact compare law, opinion adjudicative fact : a fact particularly related to the parties to an esp. administrative proceeding compare legislative fact in this entry collateral fact : a fact that has no direct relation to or immediate bearing on the case or matter in question compare material fact in this entry constitutional fact : a fact that relates to the determination of a constitutional issue (as violation of a constitutional right) used esp. of administrative findings of fact evidentiary fact : a fact that i...
mortgage acceleration clause
mortgage acceleration clause a clause allowing a lender, under certain circumstances, demand the entire balance of a loan is repaid in a lump sum. The acceleration clause is usually triggered if the home is sold, title to the property is changed, the loan is refinanced or the borrower defaults on a scheduled payment. Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ...
visa expiration date
visa expiration date The visa expiration date is shown on the visa. This means the visa is valid, or can be used from the date it is issued until the date it expires, for travel for the same purpose, when the visa is issued for multiple entries. This time period from the visa issuance date to visa expiration date as shown on the visa, is called visa validity. If you travel frequently as a tourist for example, with a multiple entry visa, you do not have to apply for a new visa each time you want to travel to the U.S. As an example of travel for the same purpose, if you have a visitor visa, it cannot be used to enter at a later time to study in the U.S. The visa validity is the length of time you are permitted to travel to a port-of-entry in the United States to request permission of the U.S. immigration inspector to permit you to enter the U.S. The visa does not guarantee entry to the U.S. The Expiration Date for the visa should not be confused with the authorized length of your sta...
visa validity
visa validity This generally means the visa is valid, or can be used from the date it is issued until the date it expires, for travel for the same purpose for visas, when the visa is issued for multiple entries. The visa expiration date is shown on the visa. Depending on the alien's nationality, visas can be issued for any number of entries, from as little as one entry to as many as multiple (unlimited) entries, for the same purpose of travel. If you travel frequently as a tourist for example, with a multiple entry visa, you do not have to apply for a new visa each time you want to travel to the U.S. As an example of travel for the same purpose, if you have a visitor visa, it cannot be used to enter at a later time to study in the U.S. The visa validity is the length of time you are permitted to travel to a port-of-entry in the United States to request permission of the U.S. immigration inspector to permit you to enter the U.S. The visa does not guarantee entry to the U.S. The Expi...
Formosa
An island off the coast of China also called Taiwan It was occupied by Japan from 1895 to 1945 when it was returned to Chinese sovereignty After the Communist revolution which took over the Chinese mainland in 1949 the Nationalist Chinese under Chang Kai Shek retreated to the island of Formosa and established that island as the base of their government being recognized for several years as the de jure possessor of the China seat in the United Nations The capital is Taipei As of 1998 both the Taiwan government and the mainland China government recognized Taiwan as properly a part of China but the island is currently ruled as a de facto independent nation though it does not possess a seat in the United Nations The question of when and under what circumstances the island will be reunited with the mainland government is still unresolved...
Forfeiture
Forfeiture, a penalty for an offence or unlawful act, or for some wilful omission of a tenant of property whereby he loses it, together with his title, which devolves upon others.Forfeiture resulted from the following circumstan-ces:--(1) Treason, misprision of treason, felony, murder, self-murder, pr'munire, and striking or threatening a judge. But the (English) Forfeiture Act, 1870 (33 & 34 Vict. c. 23), enacted that no conviction, etc., for treason or felony, or felo de se, shall cause any forfeiture except as consequent on outlawry. The Act also makes provision for the appointment by the Crown of administrators of the property of convicts.(2) Conveyance contrary to law, as transferring a freehold to an alien, who formerly could take lands but could not hold them; wherefore upon office found the Crown was entitled to the land. But the British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act, 1914 (substituted for the (English) Naturalization Act, 1870), subject to certain provisoes, enables ali...
Guaranty, or Guarantee
Guaranty, or Guarantee, a promise to a person to be answerable for the payment of a debt or the performance of a duty by another, in case he should fail to perform his engagement. An offer to guarantee until it be accepted is not binding. At Common Law a guarantee need not have been in writing, but the Statute of Frauds (29 Car. 2, c. 3), s. 4, enacts that 'No action shall be brought whereby to charge the defendant upon any special promise to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriages of another person, unless the agreement upon which such action shall be brought, or some memoran-dum or note thereof, shall be in writing, and signed by the party to be charged therewith or some other person thereunto by him lawfully authorized.' In case of guarantees, great inconvenience had resulted from the construction put upon the above s., viz., that the consideration for the promise of the guarantor must appear upon the written instru-ment. To remedy this, the Mercantile Law Amend-ment Act, 1856...
Hindu
Hindu, The historical and etymological genesis of the word 'Hindu' has given rise to a controversy amongst ideologists; but the view generally accepted by scholars appears to be that the word 'Hindu' is derived from the river Sindhu otherwise known as Indus which flows from the Punjab. 'That part of the great Aryan race', says Monier Williams, 'which immigrated from Central Asia, through the mountain passes into India, settled first in the districts near the river Sindhu (now called the Indus). The Persians pronounced this word Hindu and named their Aryan brethren Hindus. The Greeks, who probably gained their first ideas of India from the Persians, dropped the hard aspirate, and called the Hindus 'Indoi'. ('Hindulsm' by Monler Williams, p.1.)'. The Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Vol. VI, has described 'Hinduism' as the title applied to that form of religion which prevails among the vast majority of the present population of the Indian Empire (p. 686). As Dr. Radhakrishnan has obs...
Pandect', or Digesta
Pandect', or Digesta. In the last month of the year AD 530, Justinian, by a constitution addressed to Tribonian, empowered him to name a commission for the purpose of forming a code out of the writings of those jurists who had enjoyed the Jus respondendi, or, as it is expressed by the emperor, 'antiquorum prudentium quibus auctoritatem conscribendarum interpretandarumque legum sacratissimi principes pr'buerunt.' The compilation, however, comprises extracts from some writers of the republican period, Const. Deo Auctore. Ten years were allowed for the completion of the work. The instructions of the emperor were, to select what was useful, to omit what was antiquated or superfluous, to avoid unnecessary repetitions, to get rid of contradictions, and to make such other changes as should produce out of the mass of ancient juristical writings a useful and complete body of law (jus Antiquum);--the work was to be named Digesta, a Latin term indicating an arrangement of materials; or Pandect', ...
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