Baroness - Law Dictionary Search Results
Home Dictionary Name: baronessBaroness
A barons wife also a lady who holds the baronial title in her own right as the Baroness Burdett Coutts...
Ultra vires
Ultra vires [Lat.] (beyond the powers), said of a corporation or company when exceeding its authority. If the powers are given or acquired at common law or by custom or by charter, the corporation is a person at common law and may do anything which an ordinary person can do [Wenlock (Baroness) v. River Dee Co., (1885) 10 AC 354; British South Africa Co. v. De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd., (1910) 1 Ch 354], subject to the consequences if the act is prohibited by the Charter or Act of Parliament, or by law directly or indirectly, Jenkins v. Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, (1921) 1 Ch 392. On the other hand, a cor-poration or company which is created by or under statute cannot do anything at all unless authorized expressly or impliedly by the statute or instrument defining its powers. An act done ultra vires a corporation means that it is 'an act which the company in general meeting could not authorize, and an act which, if every individual corporator assented to it, would still...
Corporation or body politic
Corporation or body politic, an artificial person es-tablished for preserving in perpetual succession certain rights, which being conferred on natural persons only would fail in process of time. It is either aggegate, consisting of many members, or sole, consisting of one person only, as a parson. It is also either spiritual, created to perpetuate the rights of the Church, or lay'sub-divided into civil, created for many temporal purposes, and eleemosynary, to perpetuate founders' charities. It is by virtue of the sovereign's prerogative exercised by a charter, or of an Act of Parliament, or of prescription, that the artificial personage called a corporation, whether sole or aggregate, civil or ecclesiastical, is created. The royal charter gives it a legal immortality, and a name by which it acts and becomes known. It has power to make bye-laws for its own government, and transacts its business under the authority of a common seal-its hand and mouthpiece; it has neither soul nor tangibl...
Peeress
Peeress. Women may acquire peerages by creation (as the Baroness Burdett Coutts), descent (as where a peerage goes in the female as well as in the male line, to which line it is usually confined), or marriage, but they have never had the legislative power, and it was decided in Viscountess Rhondda's Claim, (1922) 2 AC 339, that a peeress of the United Kingdom in her own right is not entitled to receive a writ of summons to Parliament by virtue of, the (English) Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act, 1919 (9 & 10 Geo. 5, c. 71). 20 Hen. 6, c. 9, declares that peeresses, either in their own right or by marriage, shall be tried before the same judicature as peers of the realm....
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