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Home Dictionary Name: asset Page: 7Abatement
Abatement, a making less:-(1) Abatement of Freehold.-The title of a real action which has been abolished. This takes place where a person dies seised of an inheritance, and before the heir or devisee enters, a stranger, having no right, makes a wrongful entry and gets possession of it. Such an entry is technically called an abatement, and the stranger an abater. It is, in fact, a figurative expression, denoting that the rightful possession or freehold of the heir or devisee is overthrown by the unlawful intervention of a stranger. Abatement differs from intrusion, in that it is always to the prejudice of the heir or immediate devisee, whereas the latter is to the prejudice of the reversioner or remainder man: and disseisin differs from them both, for to disseise is to put forcibly or fraudulently a person seised of the freehold out of possession, Co. Litt. 277a.(2) Abatement of Nuisances.-A remedy allowed by law to a person injured by a nuisance to remove or put an end to it by his own...
Administrator
Administrator, means the Administrator as referred to in clause (a) of section 2 of the Unit Trust of India (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2002 (58 of 2002). [Income Tax Act, 1961, s. 80C(8)(i)].Administrator means a person appointed by competent authority to administer the estate of a deceased person when there is no executor. [Indian Succession Act (39 of 1925) s. 2(a)]--he to whom the property of a person dying intestate, or without executors appointed, accepting, or surviving, is committed by the Probate Court (now the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division of the High Court of Justice). (English) Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act, 1925, s. 56(3). By the (English) Court of Probate Act,1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c. 77) (re-enacted in (English) Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act, 1925, s. 175), 'Administration' includes all letters of administration of the effects of deceased persons, whether with or without the will annexed, and whether granted for ge...
Debt
Debt [fr. debitum, Lat.], a sum of money due from one person to another. An action of debt lay where a person claimed the recovery of a liquidated or certain sum of money affirmed to be due to him; and it was generally founded on some contract alleged to have taken place between the parties, or on some matter of fact from which the law would imply a contract between them. This was debt in the debet, which was the principal and only common form. There is another species mentioned in the books, called debt in the detinet, which lay for the specific recovery of goods, under a contract to deliver them. An action of debt as a technical term is now obsolete. See PLEADINGS. The order of the payment of debts and expenses out of legal assets in an ordinary administration action in the Chancery Division of the High Court is as follows:-1. Funeral expenses, which in the case of an insolvent estate must be strictly reasonable and necessary only, the executor or administrator being personally liabl...
Executor
Executor. A person appointed by a testator to carry out the directions and requests in his will, and to dispose of the property according to his testamentary provisions after his decease.One who performs or carries out some act, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th Edn., p. 591.The leading duties and responsibilities of an executor may be thus classed:-(1) He will not be allowed as against creditors extravagant funeral expenses if the testator died insolvent; and if he neglects to secure the property, and loss ensue, he will be personally liable for a devastavit, but will not be responsible for mere neglect to take out probate (Re Stevens, (1898) 1 Ch 162). See DEVASTAVIT.(2) By operation of law by virtue of his office he takes a title to the personal property of the testator which vests him with full power ovr the testator's chattels, Attenborough v. Solomon, 1913 AC 76, and by Administration of Estates Act, 1925, s. 1, extending and amending the Land Transfer Act, 1897, real property devolves...
Floating charge
Floating charge. This term is not a legal term, but it is well understood and is used in Acts of Parliament, e.g., the (English) Finance Act, 1915, s. 27, and may be said to denote a security which is an equitable charge on the assets for the time being of a going concern. It allows of the business being carried on and the property comprised in it being dealt with in the ordinary course of business, until the undertaking charged ceases to be a going concern, or until the creditor in some way or other intervenes, See Government Stock, etc., Co. v. Manila Ry. Co., 1897 AC 86, per Lord Macnaghten.The charge becomes fixed and enforceable by the charges as soon as the company goes into liquidation, even for the purpose of reconstruction [Crompton & Co., 1914, 1 Ch 954]. Under the (English) Companies Act, 1929, s. 88, all floating charges must be registered in the Register of Charges.The subsidiary shares, rather than circulating in the ordinary course of the claimant's business, are part of...
Goods
Goods, Computer programs are the product of an intellectual process, but once implanted in a medium they are widely distributed to computer owners. An analogy can be drawn to a compact-disc recording of an orchestral rendition. The music is produced by the artistry of musicians and in itself is not a 'good', but when transferred to a laser-readable disc it becomes a readily merchant-able commodity. Similarly, when a professor deliv-ers a lecture, it is not a good, but, when transcribed as a book, it becomes a good. That a computer program may be copyrightable as intellectual property does not alter the fact that once in the form of a floppy disc or other medium, the program is tangible, moveable and available in the marketplace. The fact that some programs may be tailored for specific purposes need not alter their status as 'goods' because the Code definition includes 'specially manufactured goods', Advent Systems Ltd. v. Unisys Corpn., 925 F. 2d 670 3dCir 1991. Associated Cement Compa...
Plene administravit pr'ter
Plene administravit pr'ter (he has fully adminis-tered, except). A defence by an executor or admin-istrator that he has fully administered the assets that have come to his hands, except, etc. The plaintiff may go to trial upon this defence, or may apply under Ord. XXXII, Rule 6, for leave to sign judgment to the extent of the assets admitted and of future assets quando acciderint for the residue of his debt and costs. Bullen and Leake, Pr. Pl....
Securitisation
Securitisation, means acquisition of financial assets by any securitisation company or reconstruction company from any originator, whether by raising of funds by such securitisation company or recon-struction company from qualified institutional buyers by issue of security receipts representing undivided interest in such financial assets or otherwise. [Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 (54 of 2002), s. 2(1)(z)]...
in-kind
in-kind 1 a : made in a form other than money [an contribution to a political campaign] b : made without conversion (as of assets) into money [an distribution of assets] 2 : made in a form or amount equivalent to another [an payment to substitute for meals] ...
benefit
benefit 1 : something that provides an advantage or gain ;specif : an enhancement of property value, enjoyment of facilities, or increase in general prosperity arising from a public improvement general benefit : a benefit to the community at large resulting from a public improvement special benefit : a benefit from a public improvement that directly enhances the value of particular property and is not shared by the community at large NOTE: In proceedings for a partial taking for the purpose of a public improvement, the condemning authority may use a special benefit to the remaining land as a set-off against the landowner's damages for the taking. 2 in the civil law of Louisiana : a right esp. that serves to limit a person's liability benefit of dis·cus·sion : the right of a surety being sued to compel the suing creditor to sue the principal first benefit of di·vi·sion : the right of a surety being sued to compel the suing creditor to also sue the cosureti...
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