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Condition

and RENTCHARGES. Condition inherent, such as descends to the heir with the land granted, etc. Conditions are, likewise, affirmative, which consist of doing an act; negative, which consist of not doing an act; restrictive, for not doing

Comity of Nations

is contrary to its known policy or prejudicial to its interests. In the silence of any positive rule affirming or denying or restrain-ing the operation of foreign laws, courts of justice presume the tacit adoption of them

Charitable purpose

1961 Act, this court in Addl. C.I.T. v. Surat Art Silk Cloth Manufacturers Association, (1980) 121 ITR 1 affirmed that the aforesaid test of primary or dominant purpose of a trust or institution still holds good, that

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Burden of proof

of evidence is, that the point in issue is to be proved by the party who asserts the affirmative, according to the civil law maxims, Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, nonqui negat; Actori incumbit onus probandi; and

Begin, right to

See RIGHT TO BEGIN. This right rests with the party on whom is the onus of proving the affirmative. See Best on Evidence, sect. 637.

In re dubia magis inficiatio quam affirmatio intelligenda

In re dubia magis inficiatio quam affirmatio intelligenda [Lat.], in a doubtful case the negative is rather to be understood than the affirmative.

Averment

Averment [fr. verificatio, Lat.], an advancement or affirmation of any matter in a pleading, and when new matter was introduced the pleading con-cluded with a verification

Authority competent to remove

clause (c) of s. 6(1) is to be construed to mean also an authority without whose order or affirmation the public servant cannot be removed, K. Veeraswami v. Union of India, (1991) 3 SCC 655 (702). [Prevention

Attempt

case. 'Attempt' defies a precise and exact definition. Broadly speaking, all crimes which consist of the commission of affirmative acts are preceded by some covert or overt conduct which may be divided into three stages. The first

Assertory Covenant

Assertory Covenant, an affirming promise under seal.

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